Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.378 billion baptized Catholics worldwide It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization. The church consists of 24 ''sui iuris'' churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and eparchies located around the world. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the chief pastor of the church. The Diocese of Rome, known as the Holy See, is the central governing authority of the church. The administrative body of the Holy See, the Roman Curia, has its principal offices in Vatican City, a small independent city-state and enclave within the Italian capital city of Rome, of which the pope is head of state.The core beliefs of Catholicism are found in the Nicene Creed. The Catholic Church teaches that it is the one, holy, catholic and apostolic church founded by Jesus Christ in his Great Commission, that its bishops are the successors of Christ's apostles, and that the pope is the successor to Saint Peter, upon whom primacy was conferred by Jesus Christ. It maintains that it practises the original Christian faith taught by the apostles, preserving the faith infallibly through scripture and sacred tradition as authentically interpreted through the magisterium of the church. The Roman Rite and others of the Latin Church, the Eastern Catholic liturgies, and institutes such as mendicant orders, enclosed monastic orders and third orders reflect a variety of theological and spiritual emphases in the church.
Of its seven sacraments, the Eucharist is the principal one, celebrated liturgically in the Mass. The church teaches that through consecration by a priest, the sacrificial bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ. The Virgin Mary is venerated as the Perpetual Virgin, Mother of God, and Queen of Heaven; she is honoured in dogmas and devotions.|}} Catholic social teaching emphasizes voluntary support for the sick, the poor, and the afflicted through the corporal and spiritual works of mercy. The Catholic Church operates tens of thousands of Catholic schools, universities and colleges, hospitals, and orphanages around the world, and is the largest non-government provider of education and health care in the world. Among its other social services are numerous charitable and humanitarian organizations.
The Catholic Church has profoundly influenced Western philosophy, culture, art, literature, music, law, and science. Catholics live all over the world through missions, immigration, diaspora, and conversions. Since the 20th century, the majority have resided in the Southern Hemisphere, partially due to secularization in Europe and increased persecution in the Middle East. The Catholic Church shared communion with the Eastern Orthodox Church until the East–West Schism in 1054, disputing particularly the authority of the pope. Before the Council of Ephesus in AD 431, the Church of the East also shared in this communion, as did the Oriental Orthodox Churches before the Council of Chalcedon in AD 451; all separated primarily over differences in Christology. The Eastern Catholic Churches, who have a combined membership of approximately 18 million, represent a body of Eastern Christians who returned or remained in communion with the pope during or following these schisms for a variety of historical circumstances. In the 16th century, the Reformation led to the formation of separate, Protestant groups. From the late 20th century, the Catholic Church has been criticized for its teachings on sexuality, its doctrine against ordaining women, and its handling of sexual abuse cases involving clergy.
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5651Created 1869“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Troyes (France). Bishop (1860-1875 : Ravinet)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5652“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Reims (France). Archbishop (1874-1905 : Langénieux)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5653
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5654Created 1886“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Tarbes (France). Bishop (1882-1899 : Billère)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5655Created 1997“...Catholic Church. Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops. National Liturgical Office...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5656Created 1898“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Montpellier (France). Bishop (1874-1921 : Cabrières)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5657Created 1990“...Catholic Church. Congregatio pro Cultu Divino et Disciplina Sacramentorum...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5658Created 1986“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee on the Liturgy...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5659by Arizmendi Esquivel, Felipe“...Catholic Church. Diocese of San Cristóbal de Las Casas (Mexico)...”
Created 2005
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5660Created 1997“...Catholic Church...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5661Created 1978“...Catholic Church. Congregatio pro Causis Sanctorum...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5662Created 1978“...Catholic Church. Congregatio pro Causis Sanctorum...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5663Created 1990“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Cleveland (Ohio)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5664by Sopko, Catherine“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Toledo (Ohio)...”
Created 1999
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5665Created 1931“...Catholic Church...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5666Created 1931“...Catholic Church. Diocese di Ascoli Satriano e Cerignola (Italy)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5667Created 1962“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Natchez-Jackson (Miss.)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5668Created 2003“...Catholic Church. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. Committee on the Liturgy...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5669Created 1836“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Paris (France). Archbishop (1821-1839 : Quélen)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5670Created 1904“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Mende (France). Bishop (1901-1906 : Bouquet)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5671Created 1879“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Poitiers (France). Bishop (1849-1880 : Pie)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5672Created 1855“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Poitiers (France). Bishop (1849-1880 : Pie)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5673Created 1851“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Poitiers (France). Bishop (1849-1880 : Pie)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5674Created 1854“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Poitiers (France). Bishop (1849-1880 : Pie)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5675Created 1863“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Poitiers (France). Bishop (1849-1880 : Pie)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5676Created 1863“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Poitiers (France). Bishop (1849-1880 : Pie)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5677Created 1873“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Poitiers (France). Bishop (1849-1880 : Pie)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5678Created 1900“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Reims (France). Archbishop (1874-1905 : Langénieux)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5679Created 1886“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Tarbes (France). Bishop (1882-1889 : Billère)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5680Created 2002“...Catholic Church...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5681
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5682Created 1954“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of St. Paul (Minn.). Confraternity Textbooks' Committee...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5683Created 1954“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of St. Paul (Minn.). Confraternity Textbooks' Committee...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5684Created 2001“...Catholic Church. Congregatio de Cultu Divino et Disciplina Sacramentorum...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5685Created 2002“...Catholic Church. Congregatio de Cultu Divino et Disciplina Sacramentorum...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5686Created 2004“...Catholic Church. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. Secretariat for Evangelization...”
Location: U.S. Catholic Special Collection, University of Dayton
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5687Created 1977“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Cincinnati (Ohio). Directors' of Religious Education Assembly...”
Location: U.S. Catholic Special Collection, University of Dayton
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5688by Kodell, Jerome“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Little Rock (Ark.). Scripture Study Office...”
Created 1991
Location: U.S. Catholic Special Collection, University of Dayton
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5689Created 1985“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Chicago (Ill.). Archbishop (1982-1996 : Bernardin)...”
Location: U.S. Catholic Special Collection, University of Dayton
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5690Created 1986“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Baltimore (Md.). Archdiocesan Gay/Lesbian Outreach...”
Location: U.S. Catholic Special Collection, University of Dayton
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5691Created 1975“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee on the Liturgy...”
Location: U.S. Catholic Special Collection, University of Dayton
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5692by Green, Thomas J. (Thomas Joseph), 1938-“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Committee on Canonical Affairs...”
Created 1983
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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5693Created 1973“...Catholic Church. Pontificia Commissio Codici Iuris Canonici Orientalis Recognoscendo...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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5694Created 1980“...Catholic Church. Pontificia Commissio Codici Iuris Canonici Orientalis Recognoscendo...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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5695Created 1854“...Catholic Church. Province of New York (N.Y.). Provincial Council...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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5696Created 1861“...Catholic Church. Province of New York (N.Y.). Provincial Council...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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5697Created 1859“...Catholic Church. Pope (1740-1758 : Benedict XIV)...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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5698Created 1891“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Covington (Ky.). Bishop (1885-1915 : Maes)...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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5699Created 1870“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Baltimore (Md.). Archbishop (1864-1872 : Spalding)...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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5700Created 1961“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Springfield-Cape Girardeau (Mo.). Diocese. Synod...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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