Pope Pius XII
Pope Pius XII (born Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli, ; 2 March 18769 October 1958) was head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 2 March 1939 until his death in October 1958. Before his election to the papacy, he served as secretary of the Department of Extraordinary Ecclesiastical Affairs, papal nuncio to Germany, and Cardinal Secretary of State, in which capacity he worked to conclude treaties with various European and Latin American nations, including the ''Reichskonkordat'' treaty with the German Reich.While the Vatican was officially neutral during World War II, the ''Reichskonkordat'' and his leadership of the Catholic Church during the war remain the subject of controversy—including allegations of public silence and inaction concerning the fate of the Jews. Pius employed diplomacy to aid the victims of the Nazis during the war and, through directing the church to provide discreet aid to Jews and others, saved hundreds of thousands of lives. Pius maintained links to the German resistance, and shared intelligence with the Allies. His strongest public condemnation of genocide was considered inadequate by the Allied Powers, while the Nazis viewed him as an Allied sympathizer who had dishonoured his policy of Vatican neutrality.
During his papacy, the Catholic Church issued the Decree against Communism, declaring that Catholics who profess communist doctrine are to be excommunicated as apostates from the Christian faith. The church experienced severe persecution and mass deportations of Catholic clergy in the Eastern Bloc. He explicitly invoked ''ex cathedra'' papal infallibility with the dogma of the Assumption of Mary in his Apostolic constitution . His forty-one encyclicals include ''Mystici Corporis Christi'', on the Church as the Mystical Body of Christ; ''Mediator Dei'' on liturgy reform; and ''Humani generis'', in which he instructed theologians to adhere to episcopal teaching and allowed that the human body might have evolved from earlier forms. He eliminated the Italian majority in the College of Cardinals in 1946.
After he died in 1958, Pope Pius XII was succeeded by John XXIII. In the process toward sainthood, his cause for canonization was opened on 18 November 1965 by Paul VI during the final session of the Second Vatican Council. He was made a Servant of God by John Paul II in 1990 and Benedict XVI declared Pius XII Venerable on 19 December 2009. Provided by Wikipedia
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151Created 1950Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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152Created 1951Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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153Created 1950Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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154Created 1956Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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155Created 1957Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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156Created 1950Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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157Created 1943Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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158Created 1954Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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159Created 1948Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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160Created 1959Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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161Created 1957Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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162Created 1949Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: UD University Archives, University of Dayton
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163Created 1955Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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164Created 1954Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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165Created 1966Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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166Created 1959Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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167Created 1952Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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168Created 1957Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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169Created 1954Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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170Created 1948Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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171Created 1948Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
Online Access
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172Created 1947Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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173Created 1952Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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174Created 1943Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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175Created 1943Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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176Created 1939Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Monsignor William Barry Memorial Library, Barry University
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177Created 1952Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
Online Access
Online Access
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178Created 1949Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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179Created 1965Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope (1876-1958)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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180Created 1955Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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181Created 1986Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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182Created 2004Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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183Created 1994Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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184Created 1994Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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185Created 2002Other Authors: “...Pius XII, Pope, 1876-1958...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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