Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.378 billion baptized Catholics worldwide It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization. The church consists of 24 ''sui iuris'' churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and eparchies located around the world. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the chief pastor of the church. The Diocese of Rome, known as the Holy See, is the central governing authority of the church. The administrative body of the Holy See, the Roman Curia, has its principal offices in Vatican City, a small independent city-state and enclave within the Italian capital city of Rome, of which the pope is head of state.The core beliefs of Catholicism are found in the Nicene Creed. The Catholic Church teaches that it is the one, holy, catholic and apostolic church founded by Jesus Christ in his Great Commission, that its bishops are the successors of Christ's apostles, and that the pope is the successor to Saint Peter, upon whom primacy was conferred by Jesus Christ. It maintains that it practises the original Christian faith taught by the apostles, preserving the faith infallibly through scripture and sacred tradition as authentically interpreted through the magisterium of the church. The Roman Rite and others of the Latin Church, the Eastern Catholic liturgies, and institutes such as mendicant orders, enclosed monastic orders and third orders reflect a variety of theological and spiritual emphases in the church.
Of its seven sacraments, the Eucharist is the principal one, celebrated liturgically in the Mass. The church teaches that through consecration by a priest, the sacrificial bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ. The Virgin Mary is venerated as the Perpetual Virgin, Mother of God, and Queen of Heaven; she is honoured in dogmas and devotions.|}} Catholic social teaching emphasizes voluntary support for the sick, the poor, and the afflicted through the corporal and spiritual works of mercy. The Catholic Church operates tens of thousands of Catholic schools, universities and colleges, hospitals, and orphanages around the world, and is the largest non-government provider of education and health care in the world. Among its other social services are numerous charitable and humanitarian organizations.
The Catholic Church has profoundly influenced Western philosophy, culture, art, literature, music, law, and science. Catholics live all over the world through missions, colonization, diaspora, and conversions. Since the 20th century, the majority have resided in the Southern Hemisphere, partially due to secularization in Europe and increased persecution in the Middle East. The Catholic Church shared communion with the Eastern Orthodox Church until the East–West Schism in 1054, disputing particularly the authority of the pope. Before the Council of Ephesus in AD 431, the Church of the East also shared in this communion, as did the Oriental Orthodox Churches before the Council of Chalcedon in AD 451; all separated primarily over differences in Christology. The Eastern Catholic Churches, who have a combined membership of approximately 18 million, represent a body of Eastern Christians who returned or remained in communion with the pope during or following these schisms for a variety of historical circumstances. In the 16th century, the Reformation led to the formation of separate, Protestant groups. From the late 20th century, the Catholic Church has been criticized for its teachings on sexuality, its doctrine against ordaining women, and its handling of sexual abuse cases involving clergy.
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5601Created 1991“...Catholic Church...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5602Created 1984“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Chicago (Ill.). Archbishop (1982-1996 : Bernardin)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5603Created 1981“...Catholic Church. Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops. National Liturgical Office...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5604Created 1987“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee on the Liturgy...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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5605Created 1997“...Catholic Church. Canadian Conference of Catholic Bishops. National Liturgical Office...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5606Created 1886“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Tarbes (France). Bishop (1882-1889 : Billère)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5607Created 1836“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Paris (France). Archbishop (1821-1839 : Quélen)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5608Created 1904“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Mende (France). Bishop (1901-1906 : Bouquet)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5609Created 1907“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Poitiers (France). Bishop (1894-1911 : Pelgé)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5610Created 1879“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Poitiers (France). Bishop (1849-1880 : Pie)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5611Created 1855“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Poitiers (France). Bishop (1849-1880 : Pie)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5612Created 1851“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Poitiers (France). Bishop (1849-1880 : Pie)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5613Created 1854“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Poitiers (France). Bishop (1849-1880 : Pie)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5614Created 1863“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Poitiers (France). Bishop (1849-1880 : Pie)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5615Created 1863“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Poitiers (France). Bishop (1849-1880 : Pie)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5616Created 1873“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Poitiers (France). Bishop (1849-1880 : Pie)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5617Created 1900“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Reims (France). Archbishop (1874-1905 : Langénieux)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5618Created 1897“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Poitiers (France). Bishop (1894-1911 : Pelgé)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5619Created 1901“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Poitiers (France). Bishop (1894-1911 : Pelgé)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5620Created 1874“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Troyes (France). Bishop (1860-1875 : Ravinet)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5621Created 1898“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Orléans (France). Bishop (1894-1926 : Touchet)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5622Created 1869“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Troyes (France). Bishop (1860-1875 : Ravinet)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5623“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Reims (France). Archbishop (1874-1905 : Langénieux)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5624
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5625Created 1886“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Tarbes (France). Bishop (1882-1899 : Billère)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5626
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5627Created 1854“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Grenoble (France). Bishop (1853-1870 : Ginoulhiac)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5628Created 1854“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Grenoble (France). Bishop (1853-1870 : Ginoulhiac)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5629by Fénelon, François de Salignac de La Mothe-, 1651-1715“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Cambrai (France). Archbishop (1695-1715 : Fénelon)...”
Created 1824
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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5630Created 1958“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Miami...”
Location: Monsignor William Barry Memorial Library, Barry University
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5631Created 1958“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Miami...”
Location: Monsignor William Barry Memorial Library, Barry University
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5632Created 2008“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Miami (Fla.). Archbishop (1994-2010 : Favalora)...”
Location: Monsignor William Barry Memorial Library, Barry University
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5633Created 2000“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Miami (Fla.). Archbishop (1994-2010) : Favalora)...”
Location: Monsignor William Barry Memorial Library, Barry University
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5634Created 1967“...Catholic Church. Congregatio Sacrorum Rituum...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5635Created 1983“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee on the Laity...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5636Created 1977“...Catholic Church. Commissio Theologica Internationalis...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5637Created 1981“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee on the Laity...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5638Created 1992“...Catholic Church. Pontifical Council for the Family...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5639Created 1991“...Catholic Church. Pontifical Council for the Family...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5640Created 1603“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Milan (Italy). Archbishop (1560-1584 : Borromeo)...”
Location: Copley Library, University of San Diego
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5641Created 2004“...Catholic Church. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. Secretariat for Evangelization...”
Location: Roesch Library, University of Dayton
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5642by Byrne, Eileen“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Newark (N.J.). Catholic Community Services...”
Created 1998
Location: Roesch Library, University of Dayton
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5643Created 1864“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Philadelphia (Pa.). Bishop (1860-1875 : Wood)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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5644Created 1847“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Philadelphia (Pa.). Bishop (1830-1851 : Kenrick)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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5645
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5646
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5647Created 1749“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Tours (France). Archbishop (1723-1750 : Rastignac)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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5648Mao yi cun gong yi, guan ai pian quan qiu = No to WTO /貿易存公義, 關愛遍全球 = No to WTO /Created 2005“...Catholic Church. Catholic Diocese of Hong Kong. Justice and Peace Commission...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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5649Tian guo dao shang yu ruo shi tong xing : san shi zhou nian ji nian te kan /天國道上與弱勢同行 : 三十周年紀念特刊 /Created 2008“...Catholic Church. Catholic Diocese of Hong Kong. Justice and Peace Commission...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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5650Long zhong de niao er : Zhongguo zong jiao xin yang zi you shi kuang zi liao hui bian /籠中的鳥兒 : 中國宗教信仰自由實況資料彙編 /Created 2009“...Catholic Church. Catholic Diocese of Hong Kong. Justice and Peace Commission...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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