Italy
Italy,, }} officially the Italian Republic,, }} is a country in Southern and Western | | | | | }}}} Europe. It is located on a peninsula that extends into the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, with the Alps on its northern land border, as well as islands, notably Sicily and Sardinia. Italy shares its borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia and two enclaves: Vatican City and San Marino. It is the tenth-largest country in Europe, covering an area of , and third-most populous member state of the European Union, with a population of nearly 60 million. Its capital and largest city is Rome; other major urban areas include Milan, Naples, Turin, Florence, and Venice.In antiquity, the Italian peninsula was home to numerous peoples; the Latin city of Rome, founded as a Kingdom, became a Republic that conquered the Mediterranean world and ruled it for centuries as an Empire. With the spread of Christianity, Rome became the seat of the Catholic Church and the Papacy. During the Early Middle Ages, Italy experienced the fall of the Western Roman Empire and inward migration from Germanic tribes. By the 11th century, Italian city-states and maritime republics expanded, bringing renewed prosperity through commerce and laying the groundwork for modern capitalism. The Italian Renaissance flourished during the 15th and 16th centuries and spread to the rest of Europe. Italian explorers discovered new routes to the Far East and the New World, leading the European Age of Discovery. However, centuries of rivalry and infighting between city-states left the peninsula divided. During the 17th and 18th centuries, Italian economic importance waned significantly.
After centuries of political and territorial divisions, Italy was almost entirely unified in 1861, following wars of independence and the Expedition of the Thousand, establishing the Kingdom of Italy. From the late 19th to the early 20th century, Italy rapidly industrialized, mainly in the north, and acquired a colonial empire, while the south remained largely impoverished, fueling a large immigrant diaspora to the Americas. From 1915 to 1918, Italy took part in World War I with the Entente against the Central Powers. In 1922, the Italian fascist dictatorship was established. During World War II, Italy was first part of the Axis until its surrender to the Allied powers (1940–1943), then a co-belligerent of the Allies during the Italian resistance and the liberation of Italy (1943–1945). Following the war, the monarchy was replaced by a republic and the country enjoyed a strong recovery.
Italy has the eighth-largest nominal GDP in the world, the second-largest manufacturing industry in Europe, and a significant role in regional and global economic, military, cultural, and diplomatic affairs. A developed country, ranking 30th in the Human Development Index, Italy is a founding and leading member of the European Union, and in numerous international institutions, including NATO, the G7, the Mediterranean Union, and the Latin Union. As a cultural superpower, Italy has long been a renowned centre of art, music, literature, cuisine, fashion, science and technology, and the source of multiple inventions and discoveries. It has the most World Heritage Sites (59), and is the fifth-most visited country. Provided by Wikipedia
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2by Pontifical North American College (Rome, Italy)Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1959
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4Created 1934“...Rome (Italy)...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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5Created 1748“...Dominicans. Bologna (Italy)...”
Location: John M. Kelly Library, St. Michael's College
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7Created 1929“...Italy...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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8Created 1991“...Biblioteca Passionei (Fossombrone, Italy)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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9by Giovanni, da Tagliacozzo, d. ca. 1470“...Biblioteca nazionale (Naples, Italy)...”
Created 1906
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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10by Jensen, Brian Møller“...Biblioteca capitolare (Piacenza, Italy)...”
Created 2002
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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11Created 1954“...Biblioteca nazionale (Naples, Italy)...”
Location: Falvey Library, Villanova University
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12Created 1975“...Cistercian Abbey (Piona, Italy)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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13by Flood, David“...Collegium S. Bonaventurae (Rome, Italy)...”
Created 1990
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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14Created 1929“...Collegium S. Bonaventurae (Rome, Italy)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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15by David, von Augsburg, d. 1271“...Collegium S. Bonaventura (Rome, Italy)...”
Created 1899
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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16by Bonaventure, Saint, Cardinal, ca. 1217-1274“...Collegium S. Bonaventurae (Rome, Italy)...”
Created 1941
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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17by Thomas, of Celano, fl. 1257“...Collegium S. Bonaventurae (Rome, Italy)...”
Created 1928
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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18Created 1688“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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19Created 1961“...Collegium S. Bonaventurae (Rome, Italy)...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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20Created 1548“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: Dinand Library, College of the Holy Cross
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Location: Dinand Library, College of the Holy Cross
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22Created 1727“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: Dinand Library, College of the Holy Cross
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23Created 1779“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: Dinand Library, College of the Holy Cross
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24Created 1845“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: Dinand Library, College of the Holy Cross
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25Created 1853“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: Dinand Library, College of the Holy Cross
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26Created 1571“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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27Created 1595“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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28Created 1618“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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29Created 1644“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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30Created 1694“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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31Created 1704“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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32Created 1824“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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33Created 1787“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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34Created 1998“...Biblioteca estense (Modena, Italy)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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35Created 1565“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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36Created 1546“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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37Created 1722“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: John M. Kelly Library, St. Michael's College
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38Created 1753“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: John M. Kelly Library, St. Michael's College
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39Created 1564“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: John M. Kelly Library, St. Michael's College
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40Created 1564“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: John M. Kelly Library, St. Michael's College
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41Created 1564“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: John M. Kelly Library, St. Michael's College
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42Created 1552“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: John M. Kelly Library, St. Michael's College
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43Created 1596“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: John M. Kelly Library, St. Michael's College
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44Created 1559“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: John M. Kelly Library, St. Michael's College
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45Created 1582“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: John M. Kelly Library, St. Michael's College
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46by Teresa, of Avila, Saint, 1515-1582“...Stamperia Baglioni (Venice, Italy)...”
Created 1749
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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47Created 1753“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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48Created 1768“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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49Created 1715“...Council of Trent Trento, Italy...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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50by Viva, Domenico, 1648-1726“...Typographia Archiepiscopalis (Benevento, Italy)...”
Created 1717
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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