Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2022. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization. The church consists of 24 ''sui iuris'' churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and eparchies located around the world. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the chief pastor of the church. The Diocese of Rome, known as the Holy See, is the central governing authority of the church. The administrative body of the Holy See, the Roman Curia, has its principal offices in Vatican City, a small independent city-state and enclave within the Italian capital city of Rome, of which the pope is head of state.The core beliefs of Catholicism are found in the Nicene Creed. The Catholic Church teaches that it is the one, holy, catholic and apostolic church founded by Jesus Christ in his Great Commission, that its bishops are the successors of Christ's apostles, and that the pope is the successor to Saint Peter, upon whom primacy was conferred by Jesus Christ. It maintains that it practises the original Christian faith taught by the apostles, preserving the faith infallibly through scripture and sacred tradition as authentically interpreted through the magisterium of the church. The Roman Rite and others of the Latin Church, the Eastern Catholic liturgies, and institutes such as mendicant orders, enclosed monastic orders and third orders reflect a variety of theological and spiritual emphases in the church.
Of its seven sacraments, the Eucharist is the principal one, celebrated liturgically in the Mass. The church teaches that through consecration by a priest, the sacrificial bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ. The Virgin Mary is venerated as the Perpetual Virgin, Mother of God, and Queen of Heaven; she is honoured in dogmas and devotions.|}} Catholic social teaching emphasizes voluntary support for the sick, the poor, and the afflicted through the corporal and spiritual works of mercy. The Catholic Church operates tens of thousands of Catholic schools, universities and colleges, hospitals, and orphanages around the world, and is the largest non-government provider of education and health care in the world. Among its other social services are numerous charitable and humanitarian organizations.
The Catholic Church has profoundly influenced Western philosophy, culture, art, literature, music, law, and science. Catholics live all over the world through missions, immigration, diaspora, and conversions. Since the 20th century, the majority have resided in the Southern Hemisphere, partially due to secularization in Europe and increased persecution in the Middle East. The Catholic Church shared communion with the Eastern Orthodox Church until the East–West Schism in 1054, disputing particularly the authority of the pope. Before the Council of Ephesus in AD 431, the Church of the East also shared in this communion, as did the Oriental Orthodox Churches before the Council of Chalcedon in AD 451; all separated primarily over differences in Christology. The Eastern Catholic Churches, who have a combined membership of approximately 18 million, represent a body of Eastern Christians who returned or remained in communion with the pope during or following these schisms for a variety of historical circumstances. In the 16th century, the Reformation led to the formation of separate, Protestant groups. From the late 20th century, the Catholic Church has been criticized for its teachings on sexuality, its doctrine against ordaining women, and its handling of sexual abuse cases involving clergy.
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5851Created 1993“...Catholic Church. Congregatio pro Gentium Evangelizatione...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5852Created 1973“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5853Created 1995“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5854Created 1972“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5855Created 1975“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Committee on Pastoral Research...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5856Created 1977“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5857Created 1970“...Catholic Church. Congregatio pro Cultu Divino...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5858Created 1997“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Committee on Science and Human Values...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5859Created 1998“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5860Created 1997“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5861Created 1998“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5862Created 1998“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5863Created 1998“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5864Created 1998“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5865Created 1998“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5866Created 1999“...Catholic Church. Congregatio pro Gentium Evangelizatione...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5867Created 1998“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Committee on Women in Society...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5868Created 1967“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5869Created 1980“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5870Created 1988“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5871Created 1974“...Catholic Church. Commission for Religious Relations with the Jews...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5872Created 1975“...Catholic Church. Congregatio pro Cultu Divino...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5873Created 1975“...Catholic Church. Congregatio pro Doctrina Fidei...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5874Created 1971“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5875Created 1970“...Catholic Church. Sacred Congregation for Divine Worship...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5876Created 1980“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5877Created 1966“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5878Created 1975“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5879Created 1999“...Catholic Church. Pontificium Consilium pro Laicis...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5880by Colecchi, Stephen M.“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Created 2000
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5881Created 1999“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5882Created 1999“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5883Created 1999“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5884Created 1999“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5885Created 1996“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Ad Hoc Committee on Stewardship...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5886Created 1988“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5887Created 1975“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5888Created 2005“...Catholic Church. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. Committee on Domestic Policy...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5889Created 2009“...Catholic Church. Pope (1305-1314 : Clement V)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5890Created 1993“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Ad Hoc Committee on Stewardship...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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5891Created 1906“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Hereford (England). Bishop (1275-1282 : Thomas of Cantilupe)...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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5892Created 1961“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: U.S. Catholic Special Collection, University of Dayton
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5893Created 1995“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Toledo (Ohio). Bishop's Study Committee on Sexual Abuse...”
Location: U.S. Catholic Special Collection, University of Dayton
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5894Created 1951“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Newark (N.J.)...”
Location: CRRA Digital Resources, Catholic Research Resources Alliance
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5895Created 1941“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Saint Louis (Mo.)...”
Location: CRRA Digital Resources, Catholic Research Resources Alliance
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5896Created 1963“...Catholic Church. Archidiocese of New Orleans (La.)...”
Location: CRRA Digital Resources, Catholic Research Resources Alliance
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5897Created 1963“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Baton Rouge (La.)...”
Location: CRRA Digital Resources, Catholic Research Resources Alliance
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5898by Green, Thomas J. (Thomas Joseph), 1938-“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Created 1992
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5899Created 1992“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Committee for Pro-Life Activities...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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5900Created 1978“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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