Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2022. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization. The church consists of 24 ''sui iuris'' churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and eparchies located around the world. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the chief pastor of the church. The Diocese of Rome, known as the Holy See, is the central governing authority of the church. The administrative body of the Holy See, the Roman Curia, has its principal offices in Vatican City, a small independent city-state and enclave within the Italian capital city of Rome, of which the pope is head of state.The core beliefs of Catholicism are found in the Nicene Creed. The Catholic Church teaches that it is the one, holy, catholic and apostolic church founded by Jesus Christ in his Great Commission, that its bishops are the successors of Christ's apostles, and that the pope is the successor to Saint Peter, upon whom primacy was conferred by Jesus Christ. It maintains that it practises the original Christian faith taught by the apostles, preserving the faith infallibly through scripture and sacred tradition as authentically interpreted through the magisterium of the church. The Roman Rite and others of the Latin Church, the Eastern Catholic liturgies, and institutes such as mendicant orders, enclosed monastic orders and third orders reflect a variety of theological and spiritual emphases in the church.
Of its seven sacraments, the Eucharist is the principal one, celebrated liturgically in the Mass. The church teaches that through consecration by a priest, the sacrificial bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ. The Virgin Mary is venerated as the Perpetual Virgin, Mother of God, and Queen of Heaven; she is honoured in dogmas and devotions.|}} Catholic social teaching emphasizes voluntary support for the sick, the poor, and the afflicted through the corporal and spiritual works of mercy. The Catholic Church operates tens of thousands of Catholic schools, universities and colleges, hospitals, and orphanages around the world, and is the largest non-government provider of education and health care in the world. Among its other social services are numerous charitable and humanitarian organizations.
The Catholic Church has profoundly influenced Western philosophy, culture, art, literature, music, law, and science. Catholics live all over the world through missions, immigration, diaspora, and conversions. Since the 20th century, the majority have resided in the Southern Hemisphere, partially due to secularization in Europe and increased persecution in the Middle East. The Catholic Church shared communion with the Eastern Orthodox Church until the East–West Schism in 1054, disputing particularly the authority of the pope. Before the Council of Ephesus in AD 431, the Church of the East also shared in this communion, as did the Oriental Orthodox Churches before the Council of Chalcedon in AD 451; all separated primarily over differences in Christology. The Eastern Catholic Churches, who have a combined membership of approximately 18 million, represent a body of Eastern Christians who returned or remained in communion with the pope during or following these schisms for a variety of historical circumstances. In the 16th century, the Reformation led to the formation of separate, Protestant groups. From the late 20th century, the Catholic Church has been criticized for its teachings on sexuality, its doctrine against ordaining women, and its handling of sexual abuse cases involving clergy.
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6201Created 1954“...Catholic Church. Pope (1362-1370 : Urban V)...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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6202Created 2004“...Catholic Church. Assemblee des eveques du Quebec...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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6203Created 1982“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee on Priestly Life...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6204Created 1975“...Catholic Church. Secretariatus ad Christianorum Unitatem Fovendam...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6205Created 1964“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6206Created 1967“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6207Created 1967“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6208Created 1970“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6209Created 1968“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6210Created 1967“...Catholic Church. Secretariatus ad Christianorum Unitatem Fovendam...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6211Created 1982“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee on Priestly Life...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6212Created 1976“...Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6213Created 1961“...Catholic Church. Pope (1958-1963 : John XXIII)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6214Created 1993“...Catholic Church. Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6215Created 1996“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Secretariat for Family, Laity, Women...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6216Created 1968“...Catholic Church. Secretariatus ad Christianorum Unitatem Fovendam...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6217Created 1969“...Catholic Church. Consilium ad Exsequendam Constitutionem de Sacra Liturgia...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6218Created 1974“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Bishops' Committee for Ecumenical...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6219Created 1930“...Catholic Church. Pope (1922-1939 : Pius XI)...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6220Created 2002“...Catholic Church. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6221Created 2003“...Catholic Church. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6222Created 2003“...Catholic Church. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6223Created 1955“...Catholic Church. Pope (1922-1939 : Pius XI)...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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6224Created 1936“...Catholic Church. Pope (1922-1939 : Pius XI)...”
Location: University Libraries of CUA, Catholic University of America
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6225Created 1992“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6226Created 1992“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6227Created 1993“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6228Created 1999“...Catholic Church. Pontificium Consilium de Spirituali Migrantium atque Itinerantium Cura...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6229Created 2004“...Catholic Church. United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. Office of Child and Youth Protection...”
Location: Raynor Memorial Libraries, Marquette University
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6230Created 1842“...Catholic Church. Province of Baltimore (Md.). Provincial Council...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6231Created 1980“...Catholic Church. Pope (1978-2005 : John Paul II)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6232Created 1725“...Catholic Church. Pope (1724-1730 : Benedict XIII)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6233Created 1973“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Ad Hoc Committee on Pro-life Activities...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6234
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6235Created 1847“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Vincennes (Ind) : Bishop (1839-1847 : Celestin de la Hailandière)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6236Created 1890“...Catholic Church. Pope (1878-1903 : Leo XIII)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6237Created 1803“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Mexico City (Mexico). Archbishop (1803-1811 : Lizana y Beaumont)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6238Created 1902“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Chartres (France). Bishop, 1896-1904 (Bon-Arthur-Gabriel Mollien)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6239Created 1895“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Bayeux (France). Bishop, 1867-1898 (Flavien Abel Antoine Hugonin)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6240Created 1872“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Bayeux (France). Bishop, 1867-1898 (Flavien Abel Antoine Hugonin)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6241Created 1888“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Bayonne (France). Bishop, 1887-1889 (Alfred François Fleury Hottot)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6242Created 1857“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Grenoble (France). Bishop, 1853-1870 (Jacques Marie Achille Ginoulhiac)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6243Created 1943“...Catholic Church. Popes...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6244Created 1977“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Detroit (Mich.) Dept. of Christian Worship...”
Location: Paul Bechtold Library, Catholic Theological Union
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6245by Reyes García de Lara, Salvador José“...Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Granada (Spain). Archbishop (1851-1865 : Reyes García de Lara)...”
Created 1854
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6246Created 1860“...Catholic Church. Diocese of Angers (France). Bishop, 1842-1869 (Guillaume-Laurent-Louis Angebault)...”
Location: Marian Library, University of Dayton
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6247Created 1869“...Catholic Church. Pope (1846-1878 : Pius IX)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6248Created 1965“...Catholic Church. Pope (1958-1963 : John XXIII)...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6249Created 1975“...Catholic Church. National Conference of Catholic Bishops. Ad Hoc Committee on Moral Values...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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6250Created 1985“...Polish National Catholic Church of America...”
Location: Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame
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