Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2022. It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a prominent role in the history and development of Western civilization. The church consists of 24 ''sui iuris'' churches, including the Latin Church and 23 Eastern Catholic Churches, which comprise almost 3,500 dioceses and eparchies located around the world. The pope, who is the bishop of Rome, is the chief pastor of the church. The Diocese of Rome, known as the Holy See, is the central governing authority of the church. The administrative body of the Holy See, the Roman Curia, has its principal offices in Vatican City, a small independent city-state and enclave within the Italian capital city of Rome, of which the pope is head of state.The core beliefs of Catholicism are found in the Nicene Creed. The Catholic Church teaches that it is the one, holy, catholic and apostolic church founded by Jesus Christ in his Great Commission, that its bishops are the successors of Christ's apostles, and that the pope is the successor to Saint Peter, upon whom primacy was conferred by Jesus Christ. It maintains that it practises the original Christian faith taught by the apostles, preserving the faith infallibly through scripture and sacred tradition as authentically interpreted through the magisterium of the church. The Roman Rite and others of the Latin Church, the Eastern Catholic liturgies, and institutes such as mendicant orders, enclosed monastic orders and third orders reflect a variety of theological and spiritual emphases in the church.
Of its seven sacraments, the Eucharist is the principal one, celebrated liturgically in the Mass. The church teaches that through consecration by a priest, the sacrificial bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ. The Virgin Mary is venerated as the Perpetual Virgin, Mother of God, and Queen of Heaven; she is honoured in dogmas and devotions.|}} Catholic social teaching emphasizes voluntary support for the sick, the poor, and the afflicted through the corporal and spiritual works of mercy. The Catholic Church operates tens of thousands of Catholic schools, universities and colleges, hospitals, and orphanages around the world, and is the largest non-government provider of education and health care in the world. Among its other social services are numerous charitable and humanitarian organizations.
The Catholic Church has profoundly influenced Western philosophy, culture, art, literature, music, law, and science. Catholics live all over the world through missions, immigration, diaspora, and conversions. Since the 20th century, the majority have resided in the Southern Hemisphere, partially due to secularization in Europe and increased persecution in the Middle East. The Catholic Church shared communion with the Eastern Orthodox Church until the East–West Schism in 1054, disputing particularly the authority of the pope. Before the Council of Ephesus in AD 431, the Church of the East also shared in this communion, as did the Oriental Orthodox Churches before the Council of Chalcedon in AD 451; all separated primarily over differences in Christology. The Eastern Catholic Churches, who have a combined membership of approximately 18 million, represent a body of Eastern Christians who returned or remained in communion with the pope during or following these schisms for a variety of historical circumstances. In the 16th century, the Reformation led to the formation of separate, Protestant groups. From the late 20th century, the Catholic Church has been criticized for its teachings on sexuality, its doctrine against ordaining women, and its handling of sexual abuse cases involving clergy.
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751by St. Procopius Roman Catholic Church (Chicago, Ill.)Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1910
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752Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
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753by Catholic Church. Archdiocese of San Antonio (Tex.). Bishops.Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1937
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754by Catholic Church. Archdiocese of New York (N.Y.)Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1938
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755Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
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756by Catholic Church. Diocese of Leavenworth (Kan.). Diocesan SchoolsLocation: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1899
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757by Catholic Church. Province of Baltimore (Md.). Provincial CouncilLocation: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1875
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758by Catholic Church. Diocese of Buffalo (N.Y.). SynodLocation: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1924
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759by Vestry of the Roman Catholic Church of Charleston, S.C.Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1818
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760by Vestry of the Roman Catholic Church of Charleston, S.C.Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1818
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761Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
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762by Catholic Church. Diocese of Natchitoches (La.). Diocese SynodLocation: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1858
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763by Catholic Church. Province of New York. Provincial CouncilLocation: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1861
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764by Catholic Church. Diocese of Mobile (Ala.). Diocesan SynodLocation: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1862
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765by Catholic Church. Diocese of Detroit (Mich.). Diocesan SynodLocation: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1862
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766by Catholic Church. Diocese of Natchez (Miss.). Diocesan SynodLocation: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1862
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767by Catholic Church. Diocese of Fort Wayne (Ind.). SynodLocation: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1863
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768by Catholic Church. Diocese of Natchitoches (La.). Diocese SynodLocation: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1869
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769by Catholic Church. Diocese of Leavenworth (Kan.). Diocesan SchoolsLocation: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1899
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770by St. Paul's Roman Catholic Church (Lafayette, La.)Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1962
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771Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
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Leaflet -
772Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
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773by Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Philadelphia (Pa.). Synod, 2002.Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 2002
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774by Catholic Church. Archdiocese of New York (N.Y.)Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1984
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775by Catholic Church. Archdiocese of New York (N.Y.)Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1984
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776by Catholic Church. Archdiocese of Philadelphia (Pa.). Synod, 2002.Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 2003
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777by Catholic Church. Archdiocese of New York (N.Y.)Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1868
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778Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
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779by Catholic Church. Cabrol, Fernand, 1855-1937, ed.Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1927
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780Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
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781by Catholic Church. Pope (1963-1978 : Paul VI)Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1965
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782Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
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783by Catholic Church. Archdiocese for the Military Services (U.S.A.)Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1989
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784Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
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785Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
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786Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
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787by Catholic Church.; Archdiocese of New York (N.Y.)Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1886 - 1934
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788by Catholic Church. Archdiocese of New York (N.Y.)Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1983
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789by Catholic Church. Archdiocese of New York (N.Y.)Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1950
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790
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791by Catholic Church. ; Leaflet Missal Company (Saint Paul, Minn.)Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1929
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792Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
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793Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
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794Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
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795by Catholic Church. Diocese of St. Paul (Minn.). Diocesan SynodLocation: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1863
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796by Catholic Church. Diocese of Toronto. Bishop (1859-1870 : Lynch)Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
Created 1865
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797The oecumenical council and the infallibility of the Roman pontiff. A pastoral letter to the clergy.Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
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798Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
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799Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
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800Location: PAHRC Library, Philadelphia Archdiocesan Historical Research Center (PAHRC)
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