Mount St. Mary's College and Seminary Records
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Mount St. Mary's College and Seminary Records : Guide Sulpicians -- United States -- History. Universities and colleges -- History. Universities and colleges -- Maryland. Catholic universities and colleges. Dubois, John, 1764-1842. Bruté, Simon, 1779-1839. Chabrat, Guy Ignatius, 1787-1868. Conwell, Henry, 1748-1842. David, John Baptist Mary, 1761-1841. England, John, 1786-1842. Fenwick, Edward Dominic, 1768-1832. Flaget, Benedict Joseph, 1763-1850. Hughes, John, 1797-1864. Kenrick, Francis Patrick, 1797-1863. Richard, Gabriel, 1767-1832. Whitfield, James, 1770-1834. Mount Saint Mary's College (Emmitsburg, Md.). |
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Mount St. Mary's College and Seminary Records |
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Mount St. Mary's College and Seminary Records |
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Sulpicians -- United States -- History. Universities and colleges -- History. Universities and colleges -- Maryland. Catholic universities and colleges. Dubois, John, 1764-1842. Bruté, Simon, 1779-1839. Chabrat, Guy Ignatius, 1787-1868. Conwell, Henry, 1748-1842. David, John Baptist Mary, 1761-1841. England, John, 1786-1842. Fenwick, Edward Dominic, 1768-1832. Flaget, Benedict Joseph, 1763-1850. Hughes, John, 1797-1864. Kenrick, Francis Patrick, 1797-1863. Richard, Gabriel, 1767-1832. Whitfield, James, 1770-1834. Mount Saint Mary's College (Emmitsburg, Md.). |
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MNT Mount St. Mary's College and Seminary Records Guide University of Notre Dame Archives University of Notre Dame Archives 2017 Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 Description based on paper finding aids and inhouse database. English MNT Mount St. Mary's College and Seminary Records 1810-1840 Mount St. Mary's College (Emmitsburg, Md.) 1 linear foot. University of Notre Dame Archives Notre Dame, Indiana 46556 Preferred Citation Mount St. Mary's College and Seminary Records (MNT), University of Notre Dame Archives (UNDA), Notre Dame, IN 46556 Scope and Content Chiefly correspondence. Correspondents include John Dubois, Simon Gabriel Bruté, Guy Ignatius Chabrat, SS, Henry Conwell, John Baptist David, SS, John England, Edward Dominic Fenwick, OP, Benedict Joseph Flaget, SS, John Joseph Hughes, Francis Patrick Kenrick, Gabriel Richard, and James Whitfield. Also correspondence from the Sulpician priests in the Kentucky missions, 1810-1834. Calendared Background Founded in September 1808 by Rev. John Dubois; second oldest Catholic college and second oldest Catholic seminary in the country. By December of 1808 Dubois had affiliated himself with the Society of St. Sulpice, and in 1811 control of the college was transferred to the Sulpicians. In 1826 they ceded all control back to Dubois. That same year he was elected Bishop of New York. Dubois, John, 1764-1842. Bruté, Simon, 1779-1839. Chabrat, Guy Ignatius, 1787-1868. Conwell, Henry, 1748-1842. David, John Baptist Mary, 1761-1841. England, John, 1786-1842. Fenwick, Edward Dominic, 1768-1832. Flaget, Benedict Joseph, 1763-1850. Hughes, John, 1797-1864. Kenrick, Francis Patrick, 1797-1863. Richard, Gabriel, 1767-1832. Whitfield, James, 1770-1834. Mount Saint Mary's College (Emmitsburg, Md.). Sulpicians -- United States -- History. Universities and colleges -- History. Universities and colleges -- Maryland. Catholic universities and colleges. Related Material John W. Cavanaugh Papers Vincentians Correspondence CMNT Mount St. Mary's College and Seminary: Manuscripts CMNT II-3-o Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bardstown 1810? Dec. 5.? A sacred poem inscribed of Bishop Flaget, first bishop of Bardstown, on his arrival in his diocese. :: II-3-o A.D. - English - 2pp. CMNT II-3-o Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bardstown, to Simon Gabriel Brute: Baltimore, Maryland 1811 Flaget writes a diary of his journey. On Sunday they had been received very kindly at the house of Mr. Williamson. Monday, he and Father David had the good fortune to celebrate Mass. They left by stage, it rained all the way to Redster-Town ? One night they stopped at Gettysburg. Al Chambersburg, the innkeeper was the carpenter who had supervised the building of Mr. Harent's house. He asked about Father Nagot. The roads over the mountains were very dangerous. Mr. Verina and Mr. Maraty escaped injury when the front end of the carriage was broken. After this was repaired, Mr. Maraty entered the carriage alone. An hour later the carriage overturned and it was only by a mirade that the young man escaped death. Sunday at the height of the Alleghenies they went to Confession and Bishop Flaget had the happiness of saying Mass and giving Holy Communion to all his companions. On Tuesday Mr. Father ? Savin and Mr. Chabrat got lost. Flaget asks Brute' to greet for him, Gubernator, to whom he will write when he can. He also asks to be remembered to Duidier, Mr. Romeul and all the seminarians. In a postscript he adds that Father David has asked him very specially to greet Brute for him, Brute will have a letter from David. Flaget also sends greeting to Mr. Bobod. All his companions on the journey send their greetings.:: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 3pp. 8vo. CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bardstown, Baltimore, Maryland, to Madame Jeanne-Renée Bruté, Rennes, France 1811 Jan. 11 He received on the eve of the New Year the two theses of her son Father Simon Gabriel Bruté and the letter telling about the young man who accompanied him to America. His renown had preceded him especially from Saint Sulpice Seminary. Living with him for seven months has taught him more about his talents. His talents will probably produce great fruits now that they are transplanted. The Archbishop of Baltimore John Carroll has great affection for him and invites him for a day of conversation. Bruté seems very happy and he is pleased to have followed his vocation. This will reconcile her to the separation from him., P.S. He sends his greeting to Madame Mazoi and her daughter Marie. If she writes to him she is to put the letter in that to her son. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 3pp. 4to., 3 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, Big Bone Lick, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, St. Mary's Seminary, Baltimore, Maryland 1811 Jun. 2 David has promised to write of their navigation as the Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget has promised to write on their travel by land. He compares their trip to a spiritual journey, sweetness at the start on the 50 miles of turnpike then rough like aridities after Gettysburg. On the Ohio there is tranquility. They travel on an ark 51 feet long and 12 feet wide. He gives a detailed description of the boat and how they use it. There is Bishop Flaget surrounded by three priests, since Father Edward Dominic Fenwick joined them at Pittsburgh. They spend their time guessing how far they have gone and how soon they will reach Louisville. David and Falget get up at 4, the rest a half hour later. On Sunday they say Mass. Breakfast is at 8 and at 9. They say little hours. They have lunch at 10. At midday they say the Regina Coeli. He lists the rest of the program and also describes the tortuous path of the river. Where another river joins them at a small village. He speaks of the birds and of the weather. On Pentecost they were 50 miles from Louisville where they hope to be in about 10 hours, and go thence to Bardstown by land. They do not forget their friends in Baltimore. Undoubtedly Father William Dubourg has arrived. David speaks of the separation from his friends there. The letter continued on June 4. They are now at Louisville and they hear the falls of the Ohio below the city. He described the falls. They have been received by Mr. Tarascon a friend of Father Stephen Theodore Badin. They will make their plans for going to Bardstown tomorrow. He has found two families, including the children of his friend Zekiah who have emigrated to Kentucky. There seems to be a good number of Catholics at Louisville, enough to employ a priest. He sends the regards of his companions, Flaget, Sevigne, Des Rigauds, Moraty, Guy Chabrat, and the rest. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 6pp. 4to., 11 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, St. Stephen's, Kentucky, to FatherSimon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1811 Jun. 17 He wishes to complete his trip to Louisville. They were received by Tarascon, a Frenchman from Marseilles, who has a business with his brother and other members of his family. Louisville is growing fast because of the falls of the Ohio for which the boats have to stop most of the year. They waited two days for Father Stephen Theodore Badin who did not come but Father Charles Nerinckx came Friday. Friday night they arrived with their wagons at the home of Thompson. The next day they arrived at the episcopal city, Bardstown. It is a beautiful city in the center of Catholicity and of Kentucky. They were welcomed by Sanders the keeper of the chapel. Sunday they had mass in the chapel, a log cabin roughly put together. The episcopal palace is also of wood, in bad condition. Imagine the feeling of the Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget especially since the people do not seem too excited that he established himself among them. But they are beginning to be more interested since they learned that Danville is interested and no doubt Lexington and Frankfort will be, too. They live in the home of Father Badin who plans to build an episcopal house. The seminarians are in a separate place and Father Savine is with them. David lives in the house belonging to Badin and Nerinckx. There are a series of houses including those of the negroes. They are having regular religious exercises. They hope to form a seminary. On Corpus Christi the Bishop celebrated and carried the Blessed Sacrament at the house of the Dominicans at Springfield near by. Their provincial is Father Thomas Wilson. They have a beautiful church and have five novices already. Last Sunday they were at St. Mary's where there is a priest's home and about 80 parishioners. They will go to Holy Cross three miles away next Thursday. There are enough people for 25 congregations within 90 or 100 miles of Bardstown and only 4 priests because of their college. They could use 20 priests. The Catholics are good and very simple and subject to their priests. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 4pp. 4to., 9 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, St. Stephen's, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1811 Jun. 27 He will finish his story of the journey which had taken them to Father Stephen Theodore Badin's home. Bruté's letter has arrived by Mr. Elder. For the reception of the Bishop David suggested that Bruté see Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget's letter to Father Jean Tessier. He speaks of his pleasure in learning that Bruté has taken over the direction of his former students. He is embarrassed that Bruté asks him for advice. He advised him to reread the book of Father Surin. He has also read with profit the book on prayer by Father Cloriviere. David outlines his manner of treating new penitents. He advises prayer, particular examen, reading of books, the practice of aspirations, regular confessions, Communion once a month. He then describes his methods for the illuminative way, following again Surin. About the unitive way David professes no knowledge. He let them go to balls when the parents or guardians insisted but with a warning of the evils to be expected. He has never been content to avoid mortal sin but has demanded an approach to perfection. He should insist on some recreation with them each week. He suggested that Bruté not spend too much time at study and thinks that this is the cause of his slowness in learning to speak English. David will go on missions until they establish a seminary. A Thomas Howard has left the church a plantation of 400 acres of good land three leagues from Bardstown. It will suffice for the sustenance of the church. They have taken over half of it. The other half comes at the death of the widow. They hope she will consent that they establish themselves alongside her. They already have four subjects for the seminary. They have started a subscription for the cathedral at Bardstown., P.S. The Bishop sends his affectionate greetings. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 8 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1811 Jul. 6 He forgot to speak of a very interesting subject. They have decided to form a society of young ladies to devote themselves to the education of girls. He believes the Sisters of Charity do not have that object so much as the Ursulines. Cloistered Sisters would not do, but they do not agree with all that the Sisters of Charity do. A good married layman, with his pious wife, has offered them a property, a house and plantation for the community. Two are already preparing in different congregations and can be called back to form the motherhouse. They would not only read and write and make flowers but teach the catechism and form the good habits of the children. The Catholics are anxious for the institution. David asks Bruté for a copy of the rules of the Sisters of Charity which the Archbishop has. He sends this letter in that of Miss Jordan as she says Bruté is the one who gave her those David wrote her from Pittsburgh. On the back of this letter: Forwarded by Biddy Jordan. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 3pp. 12mo., 2 CMNT II-3-n Badin, Father Stephen Theodore, St. Stephen's, Near Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1811 Jul. 18 Badin acknowledges Bruté's letter of last May through Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget and praises the choice of pictures with which Bruté accompanied his letter. He asks for Bruté's prayers. He hopes that the company of the Bishop and the seminarians now in his house will prove beneficial to his own sanctification. Bruté is to tell Mr. Sinnot that since he is not ready to emigrate to Kentucky Badin cannot answer his questions because of the fluctuations in human affairs. But Badin will do all in his power to serve him. He sends his regards to Father Nagot and the other members of the faculty. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 2pp. 4to., 2 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1811 Jul. 18 Mr. Elder already has two letters to Bruté and since he will not leave before Sunday he now adds a third. He now tells him where they are and about their daughters. The seminary continues as it can. Moretti is not strong. Buchette has been added and they have some postulants to the future seminary. He told in the previous letter that Thomas Howard had left them a plantation of nearly 400 acres, half to them and half to the widow, three or four miles from Bardstown. The widow has come to offer the other half to Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget, asking only for a house and a small subsistence for the rest of her days. They plan to go there in the fall, if they can get the money to build an addition to the house. There will be need also of a chapel since the people around there will make up a small congregation. They need five or six hundred dollars, but they lack money. Father Stephen Theodore Badin says God will provide. Last Saturday after a funeral the members of the congregation gathered to discuss the subscription for building the cathedral. Bruté will laugh at the idea of a cathedral in Kentucky, but they are thinking of one 120 feet by 70 of stone and the Protestants are as eager as the Catholics. Money is rare in Kentucky but the subscription is in cash or trade. Some promise work. He asks for the sisters' prayers for the seminary, the cathedral and the sisters. David is pleased that the Sisters have gone to Bruté for direction. He speaks of a negress Henrietta, a slave of a Catholic who does not practice his religion. He recommends to Bruté George Stamp, Betsy Wheller, the two brothers Wheller, the shoemaker and the tailor. The woman who has married a Lutheran is Mrs. Duffy. The one who has been sick for 7 weeks is Mrs. Schreiber, a convert widow, she has two sisters whom David hoped to convert if he had remained in Baltimore. There are two whites, Abraham and John, and he does not know which addressed Bruté. Madame Welsh is an excellent lady whose husband is not a Catholic. The housekeeper of Mr. Brocon, named Connell, is a fine lady. David is pleased that Madame Elder has chosen Bruté as her confessor. Wheeler is a good man. He heard him in the sacristy after Mass because he is deaf. He hopes that Bruté will give them good inspirations. He goes now with the Bishop to Bardstown. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 5 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté Brutey, Baltimore, Maryland 1811 Aug. 15. Bruté has written him a volume of letters and he has not answered one. The time passes with such rapidity that his mind is in a whirl. He needs a cathedral, a seminary, and a convent for girls. These are some of the problems he contemplates, besides the churches confided to his care. What a difference between his cell in Baltimore and his palace in Bardstown. He thinks of it every day, but he accepts his cross. If Father William DuBourg is awake Bruté is to embrace him for the Bishop, since his return must have pleased Bruté, bringing his three religious and his nine children. Flaget is interested in all their houses and in the new Company of the Holy Family. He asks Bruté to embrace little Rose. Mr. Buckety has come from St. Louis to join them. He had five dollars in his purse and a package of books. He appears to have forgotten La Trappe. Chabrat and Derigaud received him with pleasure. Moraty does not do so well in his studies. At the September ember days he will give the diaconate to Guy Ignatius Chabrat and ordain him priest at Christmas. His English is good enough to catechize Father Stephen Theodore Badin's negroes and to give them a sermon occasionally. Bruté tells him nothing of his friend Didier who should have been pleased by the arrival of Dubourg. Bruté is to tell Mr. Sinnott that in Bardstown they have seen doctors who have gained the confidence of the public. When he has more time he will answer little Chance. He remembers M. Pasquiet his agent and Mr. Chevigne, Mr. Joubert and all his companions., P.S. M. David, Badin, Nerinckx, and the seminarians wish to be remembered. He does not forget MM. Lecombe, Moreau, Fournier, Leynotre, St. Martin, Dejumel, Grandpre. Flaget has written to Godefroy for the plan of a church, also the family Jourdan, Elder, and the rest. He asks Bruté to tell him the number of Masses he has celebrated for him, the same for Father Joubert. He wants to know if Dubourg and Babad have acquitted any. They will help him if they say fifty each and commence when they wish. He has many Masses to say for one of his diocesans who left him a beautiful plantation. :: II-3-n A.L. French 4pp. 4to., 5 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, St. Stephen's, Bardstown, Maryland, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1811 Sep. 16. David expresses his joy at receiving Bruté's letter except that Bruté refuses to be the spiritual father of his children. He presumes that this is because of the return of Father William DuBourg. He hopes that after Bruté's retreat he will have more time to write about the college and the seminary. The work there is as usual, Guy Ignatius Chabrat teaches until he becomes a priest. Buckety gives him some help, poor Moretty does not do any better in his studies. Derigaud does very well, but not in English. A Mr. Shaffer, driven from the seminary demands a new chance. Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget thinks he can admit him. There is a youngster from Frankfort, Leon Twyman. A half dozen from the parishes want to come to the seminary but they lack a building. The Widow Howard's house would be useful for this when she goes elsewhere. Chabrat will be ordained next Saturday, and priest at Christmas. The Bishop is very hopeful. He is well and has to speak often without preparation. His accent is defective but he gains the hearts. The Protestants are anxious to meet him and there may be a number of conversions. Here none have made their First Communion. Sins of the flesh make awful ravages. The people are good, gentle, inclined to what the priest says. He longs to limit himself to the seminary but now he has to take care of the surrounding congregation. The Bishop has been upset by the death of Mr. Duffault not because of his death which was good, but because of the sufferings of the family. He asks about the reception of the pallium by the Archbishop John Carroll and asks if Bruté has received the papers of Bishop Richard Concanen. September 21. He has some things to say and he delayed closing the latter, but now he leaves St. Stephen's for Holy Cross for the ordination of Mr. Chabrat. From there he goes to Bardstown. At the request of Father Stephen Theodore Badin he includes some verses by him on the arrival of the Bishop with a translation by Mr. O'Hara of Frankfort.` A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to.` Enclosure: CMNT II-3-n Badin, Father Stephen Theodore, V.G., Lexington, Kentucky 1811 Jul. 8. Verse to Bishop Flaget on his arrival in the diocese of Bardstown. 100 lines in Latin. Translation in English.` Poem Latin and English 3pp. folio :: II-3-n A.L.S. French, Poem Latin and English 7pp. 4to. and folio, 5 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bards Town, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1811 Oct. 17 Bruté's letters are always a grand pleasure and he hopes that he will write often although Bruté must not expect a letter in answer to each letter. He fears the arrival of the religious ladies from Bordeaux and regrets that they did not receive his letter. Their hopes will be frustrated and they will not like either Baltimore or Emmitsburg. If there is time yet to turn from their project Flaget advises them to do so. At least, the spirit of Emmitsburg offers little hope for work in hospitals. When Bruté has the details about the national council he should inform Flaget as he is very uneasy that evil will come. He envies Father Emeric but his sons have a right to complain. The opinion of Father J.M.B. Pasquiet of Bruté's house is not so strange as might be expected. Bruté has much to fear if things are delayed as they have been. He expresses his regard for Mr. Castel and is surprised that he has not received one of the articles he has sent him in one of his letters to M. Chevigne. The picture of the Redeemer has arrived and is on the altar where he says his Mass. So also for the flowers of Madame Dumoulier. Flaget will try to answer seriously the questions of Mr. Duclaux in a little while. Bruté can make copies of the letter. He is now 50 miles from his home, 9 miles from Frankfort, and 15 miles from Lexington. There is no Catholic in Frankfort, the capital of all Kentucky. He blessed it in general Saturday, accompanied by Father Stephen Theodore Badin. Next Sunday he will be in Lexington where many trials await him. The subscription for the Cathedral continues but with less fervor. They acquired the stones and may begin the foundations before winter. Bruté is to tell Godfroy that Father Jean David is charged with answering his letter and assure him of Flaget's attachment. Guy Chabrat has been a deacon since ember week and undergoes an examination. Two days after his ordination he preached his first sermon in the presence of the bishop and the seminarians and repeated the same sermon at Holy Cross parish the next Sunday. He will be an excellent missionary. He sends regards also to Deidier. The building of the cathedral will be a great obstacle to the erection of his seminary and the convent for the sisters, in asking too much he ruins all. If De Chevigne is successful in his subscription Flaget will be ahead and will make a start in the spring. He has at least a dozen seminarians. Bruté cannot do too much for his seminary because in the future it will be one of the great resources of Saint Sulpice. He asks Bruté for a riding raincoat, a hat and a pair of shoes. Castel has some of his money and can pay for these articles and Madame Amiot will help procure them. Mrs. Owing will see that they come to him. He received some invectives at Lexington but did not reply. He met the person a few days later and shook hands with him. There are few Catholics in Lexington but the Protestants are well disposed. Although only 3 or 4 families are Catholic they plan to build a church. Flaget thinks he has done some good by his words. One old Frenchman who had become a Methodist came to confession after 25 years. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 4pp., 5 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté Brutey, Baltimore, Maryland 1811 Oct. 29? Apparently the postscript of a letter entitled Commissions. He sends his thanks to Madame Berquin who told him of the death of Mrs. Duffant and who has promised rosaries for him, to Madame Fournier, Madame Leroy, Madame Lacombe, Madame Miran, and Dumoulin. Also Mesdames St. Martin, De Levite, and Mademoiselle Constance. He asks to be remembered to Mesdames Orrourck and Latallaye, Madam Granpre and her brother, Madame Amiote and Madame de Volumbrun. Mr. Xoupy is a little negligent in not writing, and that goes for Didier. He asks God for the humility they both need. He asks that Bruté embrace Nagot and the others. He greets the seminarists beginning with Mr. Cloriviere. He greets the families of Elder, Jourdain, Walsh, Sinott, etc. Father Stephen Theodore Badin joins him in greeting all the guests and Mr. Godefroy. :: II-3-n A.L. French 1p., 1 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, St. Thomas, Near Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1811 Nov. 3 They will find encouragement in the Sacred Hearts. David expresses his union with Bruté in thought and service but regrets that Bruté has given up his place in the confessional of his children. He has difficulty finding these, his dear souls of Baltimore, although there are some good souls who are ignorant from a lack of good books. There are also the little time he can give them and the fear that they are accustomed to have for priests. They advance more from fear than from love. They are given to gross sins. He is in charge of three congregations until the ordination of Guy Ignatius Chabrat, St. Joseph, St. Michael and St. John. He is always on the way but has the satisfaction of receiving wandering souls. Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget draws even more because of the sweetness of his manners. He feared that he could not ride a horse but finds that he does not mind that. He went some time ago with the Bishop to bless a church erected by eleven families on 400 acres of land they bought the priest. It is 35 miles from St. Stephens. They had rain for 20 miles of the trip. They stayed two days. David has had better health since he has been in Kentucky. He mentions the food he eats without any inconvenience. He feels well but misses the chance to sing, but there are good singers there. father Stephen Theodore Badin has fifty at Holy Cross. He has tried to reform their singing but it was time lost. David has lived at St. Thomas in a log cabin built by the widow Howard. That is four miles from the town. Bruté says he asked for the Sisters of Charity. But David said he merely asked for the rules of the Sisters by which he will measure his own sisters. He does not want the particular rules of Baltimore; they will probably modify the rules themselves. Chabrat is very zealous and has preached 3 or 4 sermons at Holy Cross. Derigaud studies philosophy together with Baquetti and Moretti. They have a youth named Leo Twyman, aged 14 or 15 and two aged 21 who studied under Mr. Priestly. They build their chapel not of stones but of bricks. He sends his regards to Cloriviere and his other friends., P.S. When he said that the Sisters would not come he meant those in France. He would like 2 or 3 from St. Joseph to start those there. Those in France are for the sick, not for the work they have to do there. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 6 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean St. Thomas, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1812 Jan. 9 He received Bruté's letter. While the seminarians were hugging the stove he and Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget had made trips through the woods of Kentucky, sometimes together and other times separately. He also has initiated Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat into his work in the missions. There David has given sixty Communions besides those hundred or more who had not been there for some years because of a lack of opportunity. Chabrat is very zealous and needs to be moderated. As to himself they have begun the seminary at St. Thomas. There are six seminarians: Shaffer, Desrigauds, Buchetty, Moretti, Twyman and Coomes. He speaks of their studies. There are two others named Simms who come to make their first communion and one named Boone. He answers Bruté's questions about how they live, including the rooms set aside for Mrs. Howard. The good Boretty has, as carpenter, made many things with the aid of Desrigauds. They are building a log cabin for a dormitory and study hall so that they can give a room to the Bishop who is being annoyed by the presence of Father Stephen Theodore Badin. That delays the retreat that he had planned. They are beginning to make sugar from the trees. January 16. The log cabin is half built with the aid of the neighbors. They are thinking of building a chapel of stones of which they have plenty. They want no debt. Chabrat preaches well and is successful. He wishes the Bishop would do as well but he has such an accent. He advises Bruté to get his spelling book so that he will do well in his new position. He has sold books of Hanna and Warner for 47 dollars. Bruté is to pay the firm and David will send the Mass intentions. He mentions all his friends., P.S. He speaks of several tremors of the earth that they have had. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 5 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté Brutey, Baltimore, Maryland 1812 Feb. 5 Kentucky absorbs all his thought and all his projects, and poor Kentucky has little of what he wants. If Father Ambrose Maréchal comes he hopes he will not be forgotten. He would like to have Father Gabriel Richard for his seminary, and for other work. He would use Father John David for preaching and for other work. Even Protestants desire to listen to him. He asks that Bruté not forget Kentucky where the roses are surrounded by thorns. He hopes for a love of God to bear his burdens. Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat does very well. One of the people said he was already a perfect missionary. The seminary is too small. Desrigauds and Morety do not have great talent. Buchety has talent but worries Flaget. Father Charles Nerinckx builds a church a hundred miles from there. Father Stephen Theodore Badin builds two others in brick in the principal cities of Kentucky. David wants to build a seminary and he is planning a cathedral. He fears for his cathedral because Godefroy had not completed the plans yet. He asks that Bruté ask Godefroy to draw up a plan for him soon. He would like to build a church 130 feet long but because of his lack of funds he will have to limit it to 100. He asks that Godefroy give him at least the outlines of the colonaded church. He must have a plan. If Bruté sees Grandpre, he is to assure him of Flaget's interest in his health. He asks about other persons in Baltimore, Deidier, Xaupi and Guber. The finances of the seminary are bad. He does not know how he can pay 50,000 dollars. 3,000 dollars of interest each year and the income from the seminary is only 1500. The foundation is too grand. He sends his regards to Nagot, Tessier, DuBourg, and Babade from whom he had a letter., P.S. Badin asks not to be forgotten in their prayers. Chabrat who is with him also sends his regards to his friends. Badin has sent to Mr. Tiernan 300 copies of his Principles of Catholics by a French clergyman for Mr. Dechevigne and can send more if he can sell them. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 8 CMNT II-3-n Cheverus, Jean de, Bishop of Boston, Massachusetts, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1812 Feb. 14 Cheverus acknowledges Bruté's letter of January 25. He wishes to share the congratulations to Mr. Harent. He wishes that Mr. Bertrand would follow his example but Bertrand has indicated that he has no vocation to the priesthood, even after Father Francis Matignon copied Bruté's note for him. Bruté's details about Kentucky and Emmitsburgh are edifying. Cheverus has written to Mrs. Elizabeth Seton. He asks that Bruté convey his good wishes to Bishop Flaget and Father David and to Father Savine. None of the steamers from the east have arrived and he hopes that Bruté's books will come safely. Bruté is to ask Mr. Clorivière to send 120 pictures of Pius VII, and 200 of the engraved crucifix if he has them. A Boston merchant, Bryant P. Tilden, is in Baltimore and would bring the pictures. Matignon joins him in good wishes. They are pleased that Father William DuBourg has escaped the rheumatism this year, that Father Francis Nagot is well and they will soon hear from Father Jean Tessier. Bruté is to give his regards to Archbishop John Carroll, but he has no news of conversions., P.S. He sends his regards to Edward Kavanaugh and his brother. He has received a letter from their father who is well. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 3pp. 4to., 6 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, St. Thomas Seminary, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté Brutey, Baltimore, Maryland 1812 Mar. 10 David and Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget are pleased to hear the news about Mr. Harent. 55 years is an advanced age but not for Harent who is much advanced in wisdom. They mad their retreat on the evening of Septuagesima to Monday after Sexagesima after which they renewed their vows before the Bishop. David began his classes eight days ago. He does not have much hope for Buchetti. If they had listened to Father Urbain Guillet they would have sent him away a long time ago. The others of his students give satisfaction. Their number increases and they have built a house 24 by 20 for a dormitory and study room. They are now building a chapel of stones or bricks. They have also an interesting congregation but the room they use for a chapel is too small. The Bishop is anxious to come and live with them and they look forward to that also. They plan a garden and Desrigauds is marking it out. David outlines their day from rising at 5 until evening. Sunday is different. Two receive every week, the others every fortnight. He outlines also the ceremonies of Sunday. David goes once a month to Bardstown to the home of Mr. Saunders and once a month to visit another friend twelve miles away, who has given him the horse on which he travels. In December he gave Communion to 7 of this man's Negroes and to one of their daughters. The problem of the cathedral goes slowly, especially because of the negligence of Father Stephen Theodore Badin who built two churches in Louisville and Lexington instead of the cathedral. Badin irritates the Bishop who is very sensitive. The people seemed well disposed towards the idea. Bruté speaks of an earthquake at Baltimore. They feel many of them in Kentucky. They have heard of the damages on the banks of the Mississippi and in Carolina. Bruté is not to be disturbed about the books. He sends his regards to his friends especially Pasquier, Chevigny, Castelli and the seminarians. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 5 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, St. Thomas Seminary, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1812 Apr. 9 David expresses his pleasure in reading Bruté's letter, especially with his peculiar style. David promises to try to tell of their experiences as well as he can. They eat three times and frugally and even have whiskey, although they do not drink it. He has a happy community of eight children who look to him as their father. They confess to him and receive Communion once every eight days. Buchetty has left to everyone's satisfaction. He left Palm Sunday at 7:30 in the evening. Their cabin improves with Moretti working on it. Desrigauds cultivates the garden. David has purchased 7,000 feet of lumber for the brick chapel which will be 60 by 26 or 30. The wheat promises a good harvest. They have celebrated Holy Week as best they could with a large congregation, also the Annunciation. Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget could not bless the oils because he did not have the oil. They had the ceremonies they could for Easter. David is preparing a choir from the young people of the parish. He describes the decoration of the church for the feast. He continues April 18. They are completing the cabin, erecting door beams and filling the cracks with mud and whitewashing. They have had three days of rain with thunder and lightening which set fire to a tree, and frightened their horses. Having to take refuge in the home of Protestant neighbors there are evidences of a possible conversion. The child they thought possessed is still very sick. She becomes violent at the approach of blessed objects but then becomes quiet. They will consult the best physicians of Bardstown before trying an exorcism. April 22. There is little new. The Bishop made the retreat in peace. He is pleased at the advance of his seminary. David hopes to hear good news from Bruté. They need two or three new missionaries and the Bishop would like a good superior for his seminary so he could go on the circuits of the Bishop. There is little chance that he will accompany the Bishop to Baltimore, because the seminary is too important. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 2 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté Brutey, Baltimore, Maryland 1812 Apr. 16 Flaget is very grateful for Bruté's letters which are like gazettes. His poor country is so buried in the woods that his messages are very much appreciated. He begs Bruté to continue to send them news of the church. Flaget tells of attending a sick child which suffered from convulsions which had been cured by spitting up worms while he was there. Three other children experienced the same illness which was attributed to witchcraft. The father said that only a priest could cure the children because a negress was the cause of the illness. There were indications in her case of possession especially blasphemy and cursing of women. The mother, a Catholic, sprinkled holy water on the person and she became quiet. Protestants hearing this thought that all water would have the same effect with the salt in it, but their water did not have the effect. In another case the use of the scapular and singing Catholic hymns had the effect of stopping the sicknesses. Flaget has heard of this from Father Charles Nerinckx who heard it from the father. Flaget has eye witnesses. Flaget is going to take another very sick child and have her examined by doctors and see if the sickness can be explained by natural things. If not he will assemble the clergy and proceed with an exorcism. A great good will result if this sickness can be cured by this exorcism. There is great publicity to the case and last Sunday 400 persons came to see the child. Flaget prays for the good health of Father William DuBourg so that he can continue his excellent conferences. He is to tell Sinnott that his father is well and has made his Easter Communion. He asks to be remembered to Irishmen Hayes and McGowan. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 3 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, St. Thomas Seminary, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1812 Jul. 2 David has not written for a long time, chiefly because he had nothing interesting to say. The lower floor of their cabin is finished, the dormitory should be in place next week. Moretti does all this with the help of the youngsters. Providence is good to them, they have fish for Friday and Saturday and some turtles. The people of the congregation bring them grain and ham and occasionally some other eatables. Their garden is small but it furnishes them more than that at Baltimore. He lists all the vegetables they have and the abundance of flowers. They begin the harvest but their grain suffers from the Hessian flies. He has only seven seminarians, since Twyman left. Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget will send two more. They are very good. They go to Communion every Sunday if they have made their First Communion. The Bishop is now giving Confirmation. David accompanies him, although Desrigaud does what he can to help. The Bishop does not save himself. Last Sunday there were 200 at St. Charles, and Confirmation was followed by a procession with the Blessed Sacrament. But the other day at St. Charles he noticed that the Bishop had trouble and had to rest. Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat does marvels and is very gentle. Conversations multiply but they must not become presumptuous. Their services are becoming more interesting and they are adding various ceremonials. Many Protestants come to these services and some stay for the catechism that follows the Mass. David has baptized two adults and two others are preparing for baptism. Next Monday they are starting to make bricks for their chapel. The subscription goes slowly. The little girls whom they thought possessed are in the hands of Bardstown doctors. The doctors think they have been poisoned. If the doctors give up the Bishop will make his exorcisms. David acknowledges Bruté's responses to Knox. He has asked Father Tessier to send him some books, especially "True Piety." Bruté is to remind Tessier of his list. Flaget has sent David Bruté's letter of June 8 on eternity. The seminarians send their regards. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 3 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bards Town, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1812 Jul. 20 Bruté's letter of July 8 found him confessing, preaching, confirming, etc. The holy services consume nearly all his time. Bruté's prodigies from Maryland edify him but intrigue him also. It is good to strive to imitate the best but to realize that such is unattainable. Up to the present he gives Confirmation only on Sunday and to those who are well instructed and have made their First Communion. He is usually accompanied by two or three ecclesiastics. The people are from every profession but the spirit of piety is very deep. The ceremony lasts three hours, with First Communion besides the Confirmation to which Father Charles Nerinckx has added a procession with the Blessed Sacrament. When the Bishop objected Nerinckx would not listen to his remonstrances because he had not driven away the demons from the neighborhood. Nerinckx arranged three of these services, the latest 10 or 12 miles away. The people, although poor have purchased 400 acres for a church and have built a little chapel, sending him the title to both. At the ceremony they carried branches of trees instead of candles with four large ones serving for a canopy. Father Nerinckx managed the ceremonies and the chant. The Trappists have a pretty establishment there but Father Urbain Guillet has gone to Louisiana where he suffers from the heat. The Bishop says his functions are always the same and he fears his letters are also. On his way one day, and speaking to a Catholic he asked a Protestant lady if the child she held was baptized. Learning that it was not he asked to baptize it and eight others. This in turn led to the baptism of the lady. He has given to these children sponsors of his own choice so that they still learn their prayers. He pleads with Bruté to send his priests for the work. Part crossed out. He has a letter of exchange for Father Ladavière but since Ladavière has not come he has asked to use the money. the draft is for 30 days and he wants approval to use the money since Archbishop John Carroll said that Ladavière would not come to America to be a Jesuit. In the next room Father Jean David is making students decline the pronouns. Morety [Moretti] does not do so well in Latin. Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat is a great source of consolation. Flaget sends his respects to Father Francis Nagot, and a thousand thanks to Father John Tessier and his other confreres. He holds Bruté responsible for the life of Gather William Dubourg. He sends attentions to Madame Amiote and the ladies of the laundry. He salutes all the professors and students of the seminary and college. The good Madame Leroy has not written him although he wrote her. He does not know if Moral the nephew of Adame Lacombe has received the letter he sent him the first of the year as he has received no answer. He will start for Baltimore at the commencement of September and will visit many congregations on the way., P.S. He greets various ladies and Mr. Costel. He owes an answer to Harent and many other things. He blesses the family with its holy patriarch. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 6pp. 4to., 7 CMNT II-3-n Dubourg, Father William, Conewago, Pennsylvania, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1812 Aug. 28 DuBourg acknowledges Bruté's letter of the 21st and is pleased that Bruté's attitude towards him has changed. The exchange of affection is mutual. He asks Bruté's prayers for himself and the flock entrusted to his care. He does not answer here Bruté's entreaties to stay for the Council. He gave his reasons to Father Jean Tessier. DuBourg feels that Bruté will offend Father J.B.T. Paquiet and others if he stays away until November. Horatio's mother and sister who reside here are no more advanced than six months ago. The mother listens with pleasure. As to a daughter married in Bruté's area, DuBourg does not know her. The father who is full of zeal he has placed in the hands of Father Ambrose Maréchal. As to Bruté he has written to Father Paquiet that they should send him to Mt. St. Mary's. He did not communicate the reasons to Father Jean Dubois. He is convinced that the matter in question would pass in the Council. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 3pp. 4to., 5 CMNT II-3-n DuBourg, Father William, Conewago, Pennsylvania, to Father John Tessier, Baltimore, Maryland 1812 Aug. 28 DuBourg has just received a letter from Father Simon Gabriel Bruté in which he presses him to remain for the Council, but he has his own reason for leaving with his brother. If he delayed until the council he would not go until the spring time because the council is not convoked until November 10. His efforts to move up the date ten or fifteen days have been fruitless. Since it seems impossible that they do anything in less than 20 days that would delay him until December and make the travel impracticable. To delay until spring would mean that he would not arrive until summer, a bad time to get used to the heat and he would lose a year of business. He anticipates opposition and the delay would give him strength. There is also the economy of travelling with his family. His sister and Madame Bueste delay their departure. He does not belong to the ecclesiastical Province and cannot have any voice in the Council. As to Louisiana he does not know it at all and the Council cannot make any rule for a diocese not belonging to the province. Further he can be of little use in making general regulations, the bishops and missionaries being much better informed. He is not the Sulpician to make research. Tessier, Babad, Marechal or Bruté will suffice for that. He quotes the letter of Archbishop John Carroll which leaves the ultimate decision to DuBorg. Fathers Debarth and Dubois are of his opinion. He exposes his position so that Tessier can explain them to the Bishop. A note on the back signed by Tessier says that he sends this letter to Father Bruté to send it on. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 3 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, St. Thomas Seminary, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Mount St. Mary's Seminary, Emmitsburgh, Maryland 1812 Sep. 8. It is a long time since David wrote to Bruté and while he has promised to write a long letter to send by the Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget he is not sure that he will have the time. He has learned of the arrival of Father Ambrose Maréchal which affords welcome aid in the departure of Father William DuBourg. Maréchal brings with him a subdeacon and promises other clerics. He can also give the Bishop the latest news from France when the Bishop comes to Baltimore while David stays at home. They are making the bricks for their chapel and will finish that in a month, although they will build only the foundations in stone before the coming winter. They have 8 seminarians and are now on vacation. Two excellent subjects will soon join them and the institute for girls will begin this fall. Next Sunday there will be Confirmation for 99, all of whom have made their Communion because the Bishop will not confirm them unless they have their first Communion. The Bishop has confirmed over a thousand and if they have few missionaries they have had wide influence. October 6. He has received Bruté's English letter but notes that Bruté has not acquired an English style. He advises him to read more newspapers, the Spectator, The Rambler of Johnson, his Rasselas, etc. David has read them again and again and memorized phrases. The Bishop has gone. David bears the burden and he asks Bruté that the Archbishop not delay the Council so that the Bishop can return before Christmas. In the meantime he and Father Guy Chabrat are attending the congregations attended by the Bishop and Father Stephen Theodore Badin. David makes his visit especially on Thursday which is the recreation day for the seminarians, actually a day of work. October 13. He has received a letter from Father Jean Tessier who informs him that the council had been postponed. David had written to Flaget hoping to reach him at Chillicothe. He wrote in the care of Mr. Ditto at whose house the Bishop was to say Mass on October 2. David does not know whether the Bishop will go on or return. They begin their retreat the evening of the 4th Sunday of October. There are 10 or 11 seminarians. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 3pp. 4to., 8 CMNT II-3-n DuBourg, Father William, Baltimore, Maryland, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Emmitsburgh, Maryland 1812 Oct. 13 DuBourg has just learned that the Archbishop John Carroll is detained at Emmitsburgh and will not be back in Baltimore before next week. DuBorg must leave within two days and has not received the letters the Archbishop promised and which he expected that day. He is sending an express to ask for them, so that the Archbishop can sign them the next morning. He has asked the Archbishop to tell his plans for DuBourg and the efforts that have been delayed by the imprisonment of the Holy Father. This DuBourg regards as important so that New Orleans will be impressed. The Archbishop understands this and he repeats it for Bruté's benefit. Carroll has promised one letter to Father Jean Oliver and one to Governor William C.C. Claiborne and the third to the Superioress of the Ursulines. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 3pp. 4to., 5 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, Georgetown, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Emmitsburg, Maryland 1812 Oct. 27 Mrs. Patton, wife of James Patton, the English consul at Alexandria, wants to send her daughter aged 12 or 13 to the religious house near Bruté's college. She applied to Grassi and he writes to Bruté whom Father Francis Malève informs him now lives at Emmitsburg. He takes the occasion to thank Bruté for the handsome picture he gave him last summer. The hope of writing and sickness delayed the acknowledgement. Father Cary has also suffered attacks of biliousness but is now better. Grassi asks that Bruté visit Georgetown and also Cary at St. Thomas Manor. The proximity to the capital makes it possible to invite Bruté. Father Malève will be glad to see Bruté at Frederick. From there the stage goes every week to Georgetown. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 2pp. 4to., 4 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, George Town, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Mount St. Mary's Seminary, Emmitsburg, Maryland 1812 Nov. 17 Grassi is sorry that he did not mention that James Patton is not a Catholic, although his wife and family are good Catholics. He asks that Bruté tell him everything concerning the education given at St. Joseph or have it done by one of the ladies. Mrs. Patton is the mother of 5 other girls who will all probably be sent to St. Joseph. If the daughter Mary is admitted Mrs. Patton intends to come with her. To lose no time she asks if she can come immediately if the terms are acceptable. Nothing would be more agreeable than Bruté's promise to come and see them. The presence of Father A. Pierre Ladavière S.J. late from France and Bruté's old acquaintance is a new motif. He has persuaded him to write a few lines on the next page. He asks prayers for their brethren in Russia whose colleges with one exception are in the hands of vandals., P.S. He sends his respects to Father Jean Dubois and Benjamin Duhamel.` A.L.S.` Father Ladavière adds in French on the next page that since Father Grassi has insisted that he add a few words he wants to call to memory. Although not a particular friend in the past yet since they are to work in the same country it is fitting that they remember each other in their prayers and Masses. :: II-3-n A. Note. S. 3pp. 4to., 3 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bards Town, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Mt. St. Mary's, Emmitsburg, Maryland 1813 Jan. 22 Flaget dined yesterday at the home of Mr. Chatard and Bruté is well loved in that house. Madame Bredy Bagh has come to see Flaget twice about her boy who is in Brute's seminary and more on the subject of the girl whom she would place in a convent. Her brother-in-law, a Protestant, pays the bill but she is afraid there is no place in a monastery for the girl. He wants her to go to live with the nuns lest she lose the faith since all except her mother, a convert, are opposed to the Faith. M. De Chazourne is on the sea from Paris for the United States. The Trappist Father newly arrived tells Flaget that there is a young ecclesiastic whose name he does not know setting out at Bordeaux as a sailor. Flaget does not have the details but this seems to be Chazourne. Father Francis Nagot is better. He is in search of Father Stephen Theodore Badin. God knows when he will return to Kentucky. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 16mo., 3 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, Georgetown, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Mt. St. Mary's, Emmitsburg, Maryland 1813 May 3 Grassi has received from a friend at Louvain some articles of devotion. He feels that he should share them with his friends among whom he considers Bruté. He is sure that Bruté will find them agreeable and hopes that he will accept them as a token of his respect. He suffers from a fever and is told that he must change air to be relieved but he cannot do so. He intends to visit Father Francis Malevé at Fredericktown. Father Ladavière already goes on the mission to Alexandria but his health is poor. Father Cary is well and has received a letter from his sister in Paris, Mother Lambert. She says that the Pope is with the Emperor and the Cardinals imprisoned in Vienna are freed. Next week they expect the Archbishop John Carroll in the City and in Georgetown. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 1pp. 4to., 3 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, St. Thomas Seminary, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, St. Mary's Mountain Seminary, Emmitsburgh, Maryland 1813 Jul. 12 It has been a long time since he wrote and he would be surprised at that were he not so conscious of the press of duties. The long absence of the Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget places on his shoulders burdens above his ability and causes him great anxiety. He has enjoyed some tranquility since his return. The seminary continues to console. The Bishop gave tonsure to two, one of whom is Moretti and the other Charles Coomes. He has also promoted Desrigauds and Shafer to minor orders. Since the departure of two others all goes sweetly. They also commence their community of young ladies following the lines of the inimitable Father Charles Nerinckx. He has gathered six girls in a log house on the plantation a half mile from the seminary. It is the home of a tenant, a two story house of logs about 18 feet square. They were allowed after hearing a Mass by the Bishop, in the presence of him and Father Guy Chabrat to elect officers -- a mother, an assistant and a procurator. The mother is the youngest of the group. They have begun their school and have only two boarders and one or two externs. David thanks Bruté for a copy of their constitutions and hopes he will also copy the rules. He has given them one in the meanwhile. He can place his copy in the hands of Miss Connel who comes to join them. Or of Mr. Monyhan whom the Bishops have agreed to accept into the diocese. David is busy building a chapel. Today they laid foundations of stone. The bricks are there but they lack means. They need another thousand dollars. The chapel will be 64 by 30 with a sanctuary of 40 by 5 and a choir 24 by 20. The Bishop is a marvel and his speeches are admired. He has brought back many wandering sheep. He speaks English well. He wishes that Bruté could do so also. He does not know how Bruté now speaks English but the efforts require work. Many times he has imagined that Bruté was with him and he dreams that it may happen some day. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 4 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Bishop Benedict Joseph, St. Thomas Seminary, Bards Town, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, St. Mary's Valley, Near Emmits Bourgh, Maryland 1813 Jul. 13 Flaget profits by the return of Thomas Hariss to greet Bruté. The poor child is not well after his trip to Kentucky and Flaget doubts that he will ever get better. He tried Flaget's seminary but it was not the place for him. They have been awaiting a long time the rules of the house of St. Joseph, Emmitsburg so that they can use them for the house at Nazareth which begins to take shape. It is on the same land a half mile from the seminary. There are six ladies with 3 or 4 students. All goes well up to the present and will go better if Fanny Jordan or Mrs. George are sent to them to guide the ship. Bruté should intercede for them. One of the sisters or both could join Clauzel to go by stage to Pittsburgh and there go on the Ohio to Louisville where he will go to get them. He has already written to the ladies of Baltimore for the cost of the trip. He asks Bruté to receive Clauzel for him and tell him that he must not listen to the old boy who tells him that Kentucky is a land that devours its people and inhabited by monsters. George Elder is sufficient proof of the contrary. Flaget dares to say that Clauzel will not repent crossing the Alleganies to live with him. On June 20 he gave minor orders to Derigaud and to a German and tonsure to Morety and a Kentuckian named Charles Cooms, a child of benediction. Father Stephen Theodore Badin has received a book "Reflexions sur l'etat de l'eglise en France pendant le 18eme siecle et sur sa situation actuelle," Paris 1808. He asks Bruté if the author is not his friend from St. Malo. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 8vo., 4 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bards Town, St. Thomas Seminary, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Mr. Clauzel, St. Mary's Valley, near Emmits Bourg, Maryland 1813 Jul. 28 Flaget has written two letters, one to Father William DuBourg and one to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté in which he had endeavored to call to his mind the promises to get ready and come from that sterile land to the rich land of Kentucky. He writes now to say that the time has arrived and that everyone at the seminary is ready to receive them. He has no doubts that the devil is making objections to impede the departure, but Flaget wishes to recall that after six months in Maryland Clauzel had renewed his promises. He should go to Baltimore and get a robe to guard against the cold and the heat. If Mr. Monyhan persists in his plan to come to Kentucky he should join him. He should ask Mr. Vepres and Mr. Bertrand to expedite his baggage for Pittsburgh and Louisville. He and his companion can take the stage from Baltimore to Pittsburgh. At Pittsburgh they should apply to Mr. Kelly an Irishman who will lodge them and get them passages for Louisville. He should send him warning from Pittsburgh so that he can have some one meet them at Louisville. Father Jean Tessier will give him the costs of the trip. He should embrace his friend from Kentucky, George Elder, whom he prays for every day, and also his friend Roment., P.S. At Louisville he can stay with Ives, a Catholic hotel man. He sends greetings to DuBois, Bruté, Duhamel, etc. If Tessier can get him a line for fishing of 36 or 40 yards he will be obliged. He is not to forget the remedies and the classic books for which he sent a list to Tessier or Maréchal. There is a Miss Connel on Gay North Street who thinks of coming to Kentucky to join his convent and Clauzel is to gather information about that subject when he is in Baltimore. She is essential for his schools. He is to ask Father Ambrose Maréchal to talk to her of his desires. It would be a blow to the devil if he could get the three. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 3pp. 4to., 3 CMNT II-3-n DuBourg, Father William, New Orleans, Louisiana, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Mt. St. Mary's Seminary, Emmitsburg, Maryland 1813 Sep. 1 DuBourg has received through his brother Louis DuBourg the letter Bruté wrote out of his affection for him. Because such letters are so helpful he hopes that Bruté will repeat them frequently. However Bruté must not expect replies with the same vivacity as he is living among a people who do not believe and must be affected by them. He is at peace and that seems to be the fruit of his efforts. Some of the people have retained traces of their faith, and a few apostles would do an immense good there. He wishes for more priests and has asked the Trappists to establish a house which should be suitable to them. Besides being a French neighborhood there are no sects and they could wear their habit in public if necessary. He asks Bruté to help convince them that they should devote their energies to the active service. The time has not come to speak of the Daughters of Saint Vincent de Paul, but Bruté should commend him to their prayers. DuBourg relies on Clauzel and his confrere McGee. He asks to be remembered to the good families of Elder, Browner, Hughes, and Woods., P.S. He does not remember the arrangement with Mr. Burke to make the decision between Bruté and Dubois, but the decision being made in Council should be on the registers. As to Ward he remembers that he paid $650 which went for the erecting of the new seminary. DuBourg thinks he would have a better right to be kept than many others. DuBourg forgets the time of his entrance and asks Bruté to tell him how long he can remain in the seminary on his funds and about his virtues. At least they should not send him away without warning DuBourg so he can decide with his uncle about his future, as his tutor through charity for his dying mother.:: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 3 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, St. Thomas Seminary, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Emmitsburg, Maryland 1813 Sep. 7 David and Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget were walking in the woods when they received the sad news from Bruté of the death of the young people. They feel that it is a great loss to the diocese and they feel the great loss in possible pastors for the flock who needs them so badly. Their seminary goes passably and could go better if they had a better guide than himself, Gras does well. They have many energetic people if they would be filled also with the divine love. Some have been sick and he has had to act as physician, giving out the medicine. The nunnery advances. The six philotheas persevere. One only give him pause, a convert and he fears he will have to send her away. The mother is 20 years old, the assistant 17. Already they have 4 boarders and 7 or 8 externs. They are ready for the log raising for the addition to the house. It is the work of his young charges with the aid of an overseer. They are now making the roof. They are now making the roof. They have zeal. Gras with Desrigauds, Moretti with Coomes, the rest help. He hopes they finish before the winter. They will then have five rooms, one 29 by 17 for a dormitory, three 17 feet square, and one 12 by 17, all at the cost of only the nails. David is sorry that Bruté cannot give him Rose who is suitable for the task. If her sister Kitty had sufficient health she would do. Fanny is suitable for teaching, but they refuse him all his requests. The Sisters of Nazareth suffer from a lack of rules. He has given them a provisionary rule similar to that of St. Joseph as he recalls it. If they had sent him only the order of exercises but they did not take an interest in an establishment so distant. The vows taken at Emmitsburg are another instance since the Bishop does not think that they can be dependent on Emmitsburg. He asks only for a rule and will aid them with the help of Flaget. They are mature for their age. He teaches two classes, grammar and arithmetic. The establishment of Father Charles Nerinckx Lorettines is very flourishing. They have laid the foundation of the chapel, blessed by the Bishop and have a fourth of the money for it. He thinks this letter will be given Bruté by Father Edward Dominic Fenwick who goes to Maryland. He asks Bruté to have the rules ready so he can bring them back on his return. They have received indirectly bad news from the seminary at Baltimore. David thinks that Bruté's silence might be because of the delicateness of the affair., P.S. The Bishop tells him that Father John Dubois has a cure for worms. Since the youngsters there are subject to this trouble he would like to have the remedy. He sends regards to Father Duhamel and his other friends. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 6 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bardstown, St. Thomas Seminary, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Mount St. Mary, Emmits Bourgh, Maryland 1813 Sep. 21 Bruté expresses his sorrow at the news of the deaths of these two youths. Their death excites his envy rather than his sorrow, but he sorrows more for the diocese than for himself. The seminarians of his own share his grief and those in minor orders and tonsure will receive Communion the next day for them. To that bad news Father Jean Tessier has added another, the recall of Father Jean David, plunging the diocese in the worst sorrow in five years. It is proper that they have some sorrows after all the consolations they have experienced. He forgets his sorrows when he remembers the sorrows of Mt. St. Mary's. Bruté must adore the designs of God. If it is determined that the establishment will fall the will of God be done. The way of probation is the most sure as well as the way of the Divine Master. The more they sow in tears the more will they hope to reap in peace. Flaget starts out in a few days to visit for two or three months people he has never seen and who see a priest only once or twice a year. Father Charles Nerinckx will accompany him, though he counts on the prayers of Bruté and his young friends. He sends friendly greetings to Father John Dubois. He carries in his heart George Elder and the pious Grandchamp. Bruté should hasten to send the rules. David and Guy Ignatius Chabrat should write Bruté since they claim to love him. The parents of young Elder are well. Two daughters of Mr Browner are in the school of Nerinckx. A cousin of Elder of the same name, a Protestant, comes to him. He would like to write to Mr. Pasquiet. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 3pp. 4to., 5 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, George Town, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, St. Mary's College, Emmitsburg, Maryland 1813 Nov. 24 Grassi takes advantage of the trip of Father Miguel to visit Francis Beschter to send these lines in answer to Bruté's letter. In the newspaper appeared an advertisement for "The Catholic Question in America with a Short Account of its Subject." A new edition of the "Pious Guide" has been announced by Dornin. He agrees with Bruté that changes should be made in the book and he asks Bruté to write the improvements he thinks should be made. Grassi will send them to Father Francis Neale and get a new edition. Neale is absent. Grassi will ask him to put in the front a short explanation of the ceremonies of the Church. Father Lavadière received Bruté's letter in New York. He was at Georgetown last week for a visit and has returned and will soon sail for France. He hopes to arrange in New York for a monthly or at least a quarterly Catholic publication. Their school at Stonyhurst suffers from Protestants and from jealousy with 230 boarders. In the last discussion of the Catholic bill several invectives were sent their way and even visitation by a committee was hinted. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 2pp. 4to., 2 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, Georgetown, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Mt. St. Mary's, Emmitsburg, Maryland 1814 Feb. 21 Grassi avails himself of the journey of Father Edward Fenwick to Emmitsburg to thank Bruté for his letter of December 27, particularly for the observations on the "Pious Guide" but their corrections will be of no avail since Father Francis Neale has been so busy with other affairs and the printer will object to further delay. Dornin has advertised the book but if he does not begin Mr. Milligan of Georgetown will begin to print it. Grassi received the volume of Fenelon sent by Bruté through Father Francis Beschter. He does not know if Father Ladavière has left America for France. As Fenwick is ready to start he must close., P.S. He sends his regards to the men at the seminary; also to Mrs. Paton. He is pleased that she has made her first Communion. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 2pp. 4to., 2 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, Georgetown, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Mt. St. Mary's, Emmitsburg, Maryland 1814 Mar. 29 Grassi has been shown a letter Mr. Vespres received from France saying that Pope Pius VII is at liberty and had set off for Rome. Grassi is expecting confirmation of this good news. He hopes that Bruté is well. One of their masters Mr. Bowling seems to have consumption but the directions of Drs. Chatard and Brown of Baltimore seem to have good effects. Mr. Henry Lee has left Georgetown and is in St. Mary's County, teacher in a private family. The good he heard about Joseph Byrne has resulted in bringing him to Georgetown. Father Ladavière is still in New York waiting a chance to go to France. Mr. Ringold whose boy was in Bruté's seminary has decided to become a Catholic. The Jesuits in New York are about to abandon the school they had begun there. After that Father Benedict Fenwick will be able to think more about their magazine. He sends his regards to the priests at the seminary and to Miss Patton. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 2pp. 4to., 2 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, Georgetown, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Mt. St. Mary's Seminary, Emmitsburg, Maryland 1814 Apr. 11 Grassi delights to write to Bruté and since a French gentleman from Norfolk will take the letter he will tell Bruté about their institution in New York. The house with adjacent properties is in the possession of the superior of the Trappists Dom Augustin l'Estrange. He is living in it with 4 religious with whom he came from Europe. Since they could not maintain both houses Grassi was afraid the New York house, if abandoned, would fall into Protestant hands. Father Augustin arrived at the right time. Father Benedict Fenwick being released from that care can now concern himself with the proposed publication. Father Ladavière is still in New York hoping for sailing for France. He presumes that Bruté is busy at Easter time. All at Georgetown send their regards. Father Cary is well. He asks to be remembered to Dubois, Duhamel, and the rest. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 2pp. 4to., 5 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, St. Thomas Seminary, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Mount St. Mary's Seminary, Emmitsburg, Maryland 1814 Apr. 21 It has been so long since David heard from Bruté that he thought he had gone to Martinique. He presumes that the letter will find him at Emmitsburg. St. Thomas progresses: Father Peter Shaeffer is ordained priest, Desrigauds, subdeacon and three received tonsure, Robert Abell, John Mitchell and Ignatius Reynolds. Reynolds now studies Virgil and Sallust. There are 5 students in these classics. Shaeffer continues the tract on marriage, Desrigauds that of de ecclesia. Gras with another prepared for tonsure. Vincent Badin advances a bit, solidly. They have lost one who was zealous but David was pleased to see him go. He was replaced by a school teacher in the neighborhood who had sought admission but whom David had refused for more than a year. This keeps their number at twelve, all they can support. They do not have only consolation, but Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat is a great consolation. Kentucky needs missionaries and David needs some one to share his tasks. He hopes that their chapel of St. Thomas will be under roof by next August. It will be the cathedral for these years. They are forming a society for which St. Thomas will be the mother mission with the Bishop as superior, where they come for retreat and in their old age. The missionaries will go out two and two, a young man with an older one. They have 7 sisters at Nazareth who have set up a little school. It seems that Father Jean Dubois has finally agreed to send them some sisters, but he complains in his letter that David has not formed them into a society and given them rules. David has always asked for the rules but not for sisters if they would be obstacles to what they want to do. David has written to Dubois and Sister Kitty agreeing that they will be subject to the Sisters at St. Joseph but insisting that the superior be not called sister servant which he regards as inappropriate for the boarders. In their country that means a slave. David has asked that they form the sisters for Kentucky but that the Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget name the superior. There will be a modification of the rules to suit the surroundings. Sister Kitty says she will wait for David to send some one for her, but David finds this difficult to do. Dubois can find some Catholic family emigrating to Kentucky to bring her. Father Jean Tessier who has the bishop's money can pay. David has not yet received the rule. They will probably come by someone from Baltimore or by Father Edward Fenwick. David ends the letter to get it to the post by the young reverend. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 7 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, Georgetown, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Emmitsburg, Maryland 1814 Jun. 24 He writes to tell Bruté that considering what great good Father Miguel can do in France he consents that he go back to his native country. He intends to start next Monday for Richmond to settle his affairs and after returning will go to France. He offers his services in France to the priests at Mt. St. Mary's. However Bruté should not send a letter but come himself to Georgetown. If he knows when Bruté would come he would have Father Cary come also. He will expect him Monday and Tuesday week., P.S. He does not write of many things since he expects to see Bruté. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 2pp. 4to., 1 CMNT II-3-n DuBourg, Father Louis William, Apostolic Administrator of Louisiana, Point Coupee, Louisiana, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Emmitsburgh, Maryland 1814 Sep. 13 He acknowledges Bruté's letter of July 10 which he received yesterday while on a visit to his diocese. He did not regard the matter that Bruté mentions of importance until he received Bruté's letter. Early in 1813 two Baptist missionaries asked him in New Orleans to countenance a distribution of French and English versions of the Bible. He told them that a promiscuous reading of the Bible would produce more harm than good. DuBourg did express a wish that translations of the New Testament could be distributed but that he would not approve any translation that had not been approved by the Church. The gentlemen seeded to agree, implying that they were not trying to advance any one church. He had no idea that the translations were to be distributed only to Catholic regions and were those translations that the church had disapproved. He examined the French text and by comparing it with the original in some important texts he concluded that it was a Catholic version. However he did not subscribe or order any number of copies, and it was not until after their departure that he discovered that it was Calvin's translation. Bruté can publish these details to show that DuBourg has not departed from the conditions he laid down. The words that the gentlemen have spoken about his liberality in receiving the Bible from Protestant hands can mean nothing else than his willingness to do good. Catholics had the Bible fifteen centuries before Protestantism and for them it is the word of God., P.S. in French He writes with on leg on a pillow and suffering from contusions occasioned by his fall from a carriage from which a horse had run away. He could have been killed or thrown into the river which would have been the same thing. Bruté can use what he has written as he wishes. DuBourg does not want a war of paper. He greets Dubois, Duhamel, and sends his regards to Mother Seton and her daughters. He believes that Didier should return to France but Bruté should remain. Which will be his fate he does not know. :: II-3-n A.L.S. P.S. in French 4pp. folio, 1 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, _____ , to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, _____ 1815 David has had a conference with Father William Dubourg on the evils that could result from the impressions of the sermon that has been preached. The sermon ought not to appear until after tomorrow. It is possible that the copies have not yet been made. Bruté should make known to the Bishops his thoughts on the subject that corrections will be made. He will advise Dubourg but Bruté is not to mention it. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 2pp. 12mo., 2 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bardstown, St. Thomas Seminary, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1815 Jan. 7 Flaget renews his affection for Bruté as a very important thing in their sojourn in this life. He is happy to learn from Bruté about the reestablishment of the Jesuits as he has been praying for that for nearly two years. He wishes next for the reunion of the Greek and Latin Churches, to the embarrassment of the Protestants who are discomforted by the triumphant return of the Pope. They are ready to receive the truth if it were announced with sweetness. He was consoled in his latest visitation despite the fatigues he endured. He will not offer any reflections on Bruté's trip to France, a country that has suffered for twenty-five years. He owes countless letters to France but cannot find time to write them. But not knowing the time of Bruté's departure he will prepare a memorandum to take the place of this correspondence. 1. He sends his respects to Father Anthony Duclaux and to Father Anthony Garnier. They should have interest in St. Thomas because the same reason for interest in the Baltimore seminary holds for that of St. Thomas. 2. He has not paid the full price for the breviaries and missals from Rugard of Lyons. He has written to Garnier to pay this. If his letter has not arrived Bruté will please explain his situation. He asks also for some paintings for the chapels since Flaget knows that he has inherited a great collection from Father Emery. 3. The French people in his diocese number more than 15,000 and for a territory of 300,000 miles he has only 3 priest and yet Father Jean Tessier threatens to take away Father Gabriel richard, the most active. Of the others, one is 66 years of age and the other worn out. Bruté can understand his need and if some youths who have finished their studies or part of them can find the means to come they would be received into his seminary. More than 40 nations of Indians who know nothing of religion are in his diocese and could feed on the zeal of a new Francis Xavier. From the Missouri to the Columbia that flows to the Pacific there are more than a thousand nations of savages. Finally Bruté is to remind his brother in Billom that he is still alive. He has received one letter two years ago from a nephew who with a friend desired to join him as missionaries. He is to tell his brother to encourage them. If Bruté meets Guilleman, a man in Paris well known to Garnier, he is to tell him that he is an answer from Flaget. On the envelope in the hand of Father Jean David is a letter from St. Thomas Seminary to Father Pierre Babade that the gifts of the Holy Spirit are in the parish of St. Genevieve. The richest parishioners are very good, but some bad citizens in the eyes of God have come to see their error and to be reconciled. People who had lived in sin came for repentance and to make peace with God. People of the female sex have given great consolation and after a lecture on the things done by the first Christians they changed the ear pendants into crosses. He blessed 60 in the space of 8 days. He asks Babade to thank God for the good things of which he has been the agent. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 4 CMNT II-3-n Chabrat, Father Guy Ignatius, At Mr. Gardiner's in St. Michael's Congregation,, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1815 Jan. 17 Having heard from Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget that Bruté is going to France Chabrat is asking him a favor. Since he is too busy to write and Bruté may have already started he asks that he visit his parents and tell them about his present situation and of his good health. This will console them and let them know where to direct their letters which Bruté will bring from Europe. He has not heard from his parents for two years. He is anxious to hear from them. They may be the occasion of drawing some ecclesiastics to the country. He has a brother a priest who was made a priest before him although he had been three years at sea. He has two young brothers who also had inclinations to become priests. He has an uncle 3 miles from Bordeaux who is quite wealthy and might send Chabrat some things which could be of use to him and his flock. His name is Chabrat or M. de Clement. He dreads Bruté's going into France lest they keep him. He begs Bruté to take care that this does not happen. In any case he asks that Bruté remember him in his wild country and the destitute church in Kentucky. Since beginning to write he has received a letter from one of his former students Mr. Chanson, at whose father's house he boarded at St. Flour, who says he is coming to join Chabrat. He started from France April, 1814, went to London where he stayed 2 months with exiles and then embarked for Quebec, then Montreal and Baltimore for Kentucky., P.S. He asks Bruté to get him a set of the lives of the Saints in English or in French, the Catechism of the people of the City and the Country in 4 volumes. He wants also some portraits of the Blessed Virgin. He asks also for the works of St. Francis de Sales and St. Theresa. He will pay at the first opportunity or have Father John Tessier give the money. He sends his regards to Deidier, Chance and others. :: II-3-n A.L.S. P.S. in French 4pp. 4to., 2 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Emmitsburg, Maryland 1815? Jan. 25. He once reproached Bruté for writing too often now he does not write enough. It seems like 10 years since he spoke with Bruté. If Bruté composes a book like the Imitation he should suppress a chapter to give him all the news since he was at Baltimore. Today the Indians of Missouri know as much as he does and perhaps more. Father Gabriel Richard had written him that he has 40 nations of Indians in his diocese who are ready to receive the gospel. Bruté is to speak to his seminarians that they come to carry the Gospel to these poor people. He wishes that Grandchamp and George Elder? had vocations. Those born into the faith are losing it and are equal to those that are converted. On this subject Father Jean David has read pages from the Letters Edifiantes to the seminarians. The seminary goes well. They are cold and they demand a miracle to arouse them and Flaget says his faith is not strong enough for that. He is content with their faith but they would lose that if David were taken away and he asks Bruté to do what he can to prevent that. This would ruin Kentucky and not save St. Mary's from shipwreck. He wishes to carry the problem to Father Duclaux and prepares a letter to that effect. He asks that Bruté join him in this cause. Bruté is to tell Father Jean Dubois that he needs two dozen shoes for his seminarians. They should be sent to Mr. McGuire who will take charge and see that they are delivered. He sends greeting to Dubois and DuHamel. He embraces George and Grandchamp., P.S. He asks Bruté to send him the rules of Saint Vincent which he has requested for more than a year. He asks of the details of the studies of George and Grandchamp. He should not forget the $20 that Hariss owes him and the $15 of Fenwick which they can pay to Father Jean Tessier. The others send their regards. Father Guy Chabrat does the same. Mr. Buchety is about to write a letter where he would show his bad spirit. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp., 3 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bards Town, Kentucky, to Mr. Chanson, St. Mary's College, Baltimore, Maryland 1815 Feb. 15 Flaget tells Chanson that he has received his two letters and Flaget was pleased to see that Providence was taking care of his seminary. Himself a native of Auvergne Flaget will receive him with open arms. He likes all subjects from that Province. The recommendation of Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat, his teacher, is sufficient. But Chanson must realize that Flaget's seminary is very different from anything he has seen. It is not built of stones and bricks but is a log house 20 by 18 feet which serves all purposes. Their clothing is new and they are accustomed to all manner of poverty. The Bishop is just the head of the family and partakes of their misery. Father Jean Tessier can tell him of this matter. Tessier will see that he learns Latin and English, two languages that are absolutely necessary. He should follow the good advice of Fathers Tessier and Ambose Marechal in piety., P.S. Probably before Chanson starts Flaget will write and give him some commissions. Father Chabrat will write by the same courier. Note by Flaget that this is a note for a young man who came from Auvergne for the Missions. In the papers of Father Simon Gabriel Bruté. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 4pp. 8vo., 3 CMNT II-3-n Cheverus, Jean, Bishop of Boston, Massachusetts, to Father John Simon Gabriel Bruté, St. Mary's College, Baltimore, Maryland 1815 Mar. 17 Cheverus acknowledges Bruté's letter of the 9th which he received yesterday. He asks that Bruté pass on the enclosed letter to Mother Seton. William Seton is very happy to have Bruté as his friend and advisor. A letter of Father Pierre Babade has informed him that Bruté is the principal of the college which he knows will flourish. Bruté knows much of their needs and they hope much from his trip. In his visits with the Holy Father and other ecclesiastics, if the testimony of a poor bishop like himself has any utility he will be glad to give it. Bruté may act in his name as his vicar general whenever he so decides., P.S. He sends his compliments to Bruté's companion Mr. Bertrand. If Bruté sees his cousin Madame de la Vigerie, Bruté is to console her on the death of her father which he learned from a letter for Madame Guesdon January 5 and from Madame de la Vigerie April 23, 1814 and other letters of older dates. He sends his respects to Archbishop John Carroll and the others at Baltimore. In Bruté's absence Father Jean Tessier is to open this letter. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 2pp. 4to., 4 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, George Town, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1815 Mar. 23 Grassi perceived from Bruté's latest letter that he wants to hear the justification for the removal of Father Anthony Kohlmann, S.J. from New York to the office of master of novices. It was the decision of the Father General. Bishop Richard Concanen erred in appointing an exempt religious as vicar general and Father Kohlmann could not accept without the approval of his superiors. Many French bishops were bishops of dioceses but did not live in them. But it is proper for Kohlmann to remain vicar general while still absent from New York or until they have an answer from Rome. New York will not suffer from his absence since Father Maximilian Rantzau has been sent in his place. Father Louis Debarth says there is rumor in Philadelphia that a Father John Connelly, O.P. a friend of Father Vincent Harold has been appointed in the place of Concanen. According to the authorities he quotes, the vicar general is outside the society and only the Pope can command the Jesuit to take the job. He sends a document which will please Bruté as a friend of the Society. It is a papal letter approving of their being Jesuits out of Russia. After the great ball, it still justifies their past conduct. McElroy will be in Baltimore but Bruté will be in Pennsylvania that is why he sent this by post. He reflects that his letter to Mr. Clorivière was of no consequence and he did not send it, since he asks Bruté to give the letter to the General to Father F. Vespre. Grassi does not know whether the General is in Russia. If Vespre knows where he is he is to send it to him. If Bruté sees any of their Jesuits he is to give them his respects. Bruté or Vespre could open his letter to M. Beaume at Bordeaux because he said that $50 makes 250 francs and it may not be so. He has written for ecclesiastical books to Italy. He sends his regards to Vespre, Bruté's companion, and hopes that they will have a safe voyage and return. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 2pp. 4to., 8 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1815 May 7 He acknowledges Bruté's letter. He has been slow to answer because of lack of time. He is now sick. He had asthma in November which became more severe at Easter time and was so bad that he nearly suffocated. David describes in some detail the sickness and the medicines he took for it. If the medicines do not work a bleeding will be used. The sickness wa brought on by the use of his lungs in the Holy Week services, which they carried out fully. Father Joseph Rosati took charge of the ceremonies and also his part of the singing but he failed. They had the agony on good Friday from one to four. Father Felix de Andreis was in charge of it. David had announced it on Palm Sunday but the others did not know enough English. David spoke 9 times a quarter of an hour each time. The Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget presided each day. He describes the ceremonies of the week in detail. Father De Andreis left Saturday to care for the congregation of the Bishop. He turned his congregation to tears in his preaching. He continues to hold a mission at St. Joseph's near Bardstown. He has preached 15 days, hearing confessions and visiting the sick, etc. He will preach there next Sunday. Father Rosati preaches at one of the congregations. He preached twice in the seminary and is now with Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat at Vincennes. He also helps at St. Michael's and at Louisville. He hopes that Father Caretti and Father Ferrari will soon be able to preach. He found few mistakes in English in Father Caretti's sermons. Father Aquaroni is behind them since he lost the first month of the English class. The younger members also do well. Leo Deys already knows English but made many mistakes. Joseph Tichitoli was better. Father Francis X. Dahman was the best. Costo Gonzales is the hardest problem. The work on the cathedral under John Rogers progresses briskly. His plan is not grand but was adopted for want of a better one. Godfroy would have done better. Rogers' plan without being better will be suitable for this country. He gives the details of the cathedral. Their chapel is getting completed. Miller had made a tabernacle and an altar. Father William Dubourg has brought a portrait of St. Thomas. They hope for candlesticks for the altar. Moretti has made a set of drawers for the vestments. They do not yet have a throne. Their new seminary is finished and they hope to move there in a month or two. they have a good overseer who keeps the plantation in good condition. They plan to bring in youngsters who though not seminarians would be good Christians. they would free them from a bad group of Negroes who are causing trouble. David then discusses the problem of the Sulpicians since he does not feel that St. Sulpice can be recruited there. He and Chabrat were given to the Bishop by Father Emery. David doubts that the Bishop will allow his subjects to be Sulpicians at the risk of losing them. They would become missionaries as in Canada or seminary workers as in Baltimore. David has a median plan which he will propose to Paris. They should not have congregations outside the seminary but conduct missions without being attached to any one as the Lazarists and the community of St. Clement at Nantes. They have four who want to be Sulpicians. He asks Bruté to take up this question and not decide for the central government at Baltimore without weighing the whole problem. He himself does not think he is long for this work. As to going to Philadelphia as Bishop, that is physically impossible. He discusses the case of poor Millet who pretends to join Bruté and has applied to Bishop William Dubourg. David thinks he is ill. He sends his regards to all of Bruté's confreres, particularly Chevigne and Vespres who he understands is still with Bruté, He fears that the medicine sent is lost. He asks that other be sent by McGuire. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. folio, 13 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, St. Thomas' Seminary, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1815 Jun. 26 The trunk and box have arrived safely and the merchant will not take anything for its carriage. He has offered Mass in thanksgiving in which he is joined by the seminarians and the Sisters of Nazareth, for that is the name they bear. He has to complain about Father Jean Tessier who seems to have lost his memory and keeps asking the Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget for accounts of things received from Baltimore. David lists various exchanges of silver, spoons, altar linens, and vestments which have been exchanged between the various Sulpician houses. He says that Tessier has forgotten that their seminary is also a Sulpician house founded with the permission of the Superior General. It is one Sulpician seminary that gives to another. Father Ambrose Marechal was not at the seminary at the time and may have upset Tessier. There is every hope that their seminary will be adopted by the Sulpicians and thus it is not just to demand payment for what was given to the seminary. He has written to Tessier saying that the way he is treating the Bishop is unworthy of St. Sulpice of which he is one of the most illustrious ornaments. He asks Bruté to aid him in impressing Tessier. David does not know what to say of Millet. His efforts to gain his confidence have failed. At first he refused to confess to him but waited for the Bishop. He has confessed to him since and has even come for direction but his heart is closed. He said he was determined to return to Baltimore but then seems to have changed his mind. David does not think he will be a grand missionary. Anthony Ganilh does well; he has talent and applies himself. While his voice is not as good as Millet's he pronounces better. It is proper that Bruté should keep the life of Father Surin. David would like to read it when Bruté will send it to him. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 3pp., 8 CMNT II-3-n Dubourg, Father William, Rome, Italy, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Bordeaux, France 1815 Sep. 5 He has just received Bruté's letter with the words of advice. He is surprised that Bruté says he has not spoken ill os him in Bordeaux because DuBourg would not expect him to. His affairs in Rome are before the Sacred Congregation of the Propaganda and he will see the Pope tomorrow or thereafter. He is to be presented by the Cardinal Prefect of Propaganda. He has not as yet seen him nor Cardinals Dugnani and Matthei J. De Pietro. He does not speak of the monuments of art in Rome. Faith is found here. He seeks priests of virtue and some have already presented themselves. He is neither without courage nor filled with illusions. Bruté sets off again without accomplishing anything. But he admires Bruté's patience. He saw William Seton in Livourne. M. Filicchi seems to like him very much. He learned from Cardinal Litta that the appointment to Philadelphia will soon be made. They are waiting some news from Ireland which he thinks is not needed. He hopes that Father Ambrose Marechal will be appointed. DuBourg will try to see Marquis Sachetti. As for the documents on the estate of Bishop Luke Concanen, he presumes that Bishop John Connolly has taken them with him. DuBourg will inquire about that and about Mr. Locchi's affairs. He is being Monsignored by the prelates yet he hopes to evade the burden. He would prefer to retire and to repair his faults about which Bruté in his frankness has told him. He saw Bruté's nephew at the French embassy. He will not write to his sister for a week or two when he should know his fate. He has already written her two or three letters. Rereading Bruté's letter he finds that Bruté hopes for him to bring back some subjects. He hopes he has been successful. He is going to seek the sons of Blessed Ligouri. He lists the altars in Rome on which he hopes to say Mass. He sends his respects to the Archbishop of Bordeaux., P.S. Searching through his papers he finds some bills of the late Abbé Boutin of Saint Lazare endorsed in his name. He thought of sending them to Bruté with this letter but lest his letter miss Bruté he will send them with his endorsement to Father G. Caseaux, his nephew. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp., 5 CMNT II-3-n Cheverus, John, Bishop of Boston, Massachusetts, to Father J. Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1815 Dec. 1 Cheverus has received only today the letter that Bruté wrote November 19 before landing. He received also the package of letters which Bruté took charge of and Bernard has sent word that he will send the small box. He is very grateful to Bruté. His sister, her daughter, and Madame de Vigerie have written of their delight with Bruté. The news from Rome is very consoling. He hopes that Rome will send the name of the new Bishop of Philadelphia in the spring with the respected confrere of New Orleans. They pray every Sunday for the Holy Father. Cheverus hopes that Bruté will write more about him. Father Francis Matignon has sent by Captain Linzee, of the ship Swiftsure, a small package containing silver cruets to Father Jean Tessier which Father Ciquard gave him in Canada for Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget of Bardstown. Linzee is the brother of the English admiral. On October 9 he received Bruté's letter of August 1 written at his sister's. Today a letter from Father Benedict Fenwick of New York announces the appointment of a Bishop for that see. Cheverus longs to see him as well as Bruté., P.S. He sends his regards to Father Francis Nagot. He would like information about Count Duplessis. Cheverus has with him a young Irishman who made some studies in Ireland and continues them with them. He gave him minor orders. Unfortunately he has a kind of ulcer on his foot. He sends his best regards to Mother Elizabeth Seton. He received her letter of October 18 and will answer soon. Saturday the 2nd. He has received Bruté's letter from Philadelphia. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 4 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, George Town, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Feb. 28 Grassi hopes that Father Enoch Fenwick told Bruté of his inability to write a few lines because of his occupations. Father John Henry from St. Inigoes is expected to share some of the burdens of the college. Father Michael Carroll has gone to Newtown to replace Father Carbry who will go to St. Inigoes. Father Griffen died without the assistance of a priest. Grassi is pleased that Bishop William DuBourg takes for granted that Father Ambrose Maréchal is appointed to Philadelphia and he congratulates Pennsylvania. He then hopes that Father Dubarth will be able to come to make his noviceship and return to Conewago where old Father Britt can do so little. He hopes that Father F. Vespre has told Bruté of the dismissal of Father Carroll from the noviceship. Father O'Conor shows symptoms of consumption. He says it is in the family, the same is true of Father Gobert who will go to Martinique to see what that climate can do. Father Charles Bowling died of the same last October. Grassi is now an American citizen and trustee of the Select Body of the Clergy in place of the deceased Archbishop. He will visit their ancient missions and farms. He has not read Father Clorivière's commentary on the Epistle of St. Peter. Grassi recounts one of his experiences with Father Pignatelli on the existence of other beings on the heavenly bodies. He has read Joyce's dialogues on Experimental philosophy, which Bruté can get at the book seller's. It is a book rather for young ladies. He has received no letters from Europe which makes him think that he will receive aid from the Father General. Without aid he does not see how they can have one college., P.S. He has a letter from Father Peter Malou. He requested a power of attorney from B. Sweeney in favor of his mother because a brother has left some property in New Orleans. He suggests that Grassi send the papers also to Bruté because they wish the same power of attorney from Miss Quinn, a nun in Emmitsburg. They should be on the same paper and sent to Father Malou in New York. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 3pp. 8vo., 3 CMNT II-3-n Cheverus, John de, Bishop of Boston, Massachusetts, to Father John Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Mar. 23 He should have written to Bruté and thought he had until he received Bruté's letter of March 12. He received the two boxes committed to Bruté for him, one of the books and one from his niece. He has one letter from France from Madame de la Vigerie who asks to be remembered to Bruté. To a French vessel from Boston and Captain Banquey Cheverus entrusted several letters. He sends to Bruté brochures on silk manufactures and those of their opponents. Last Sunday Horace Holley, a Boston minister announced that the doctrine of the Trinity would soon be abandoned. The layman Mr. John Lowell has also gone beyond measure even though he is a brighter minister and is a lawyer and a member of the university at Cambridge. Edward Kavanagh has not returned although his father has heard from him. His foot has not improved enough to give him the subdeaconship. Bishop John Connolly of New York has spoken of the articles published by Father Charles Blowden. He hopes they have renounced the project. The Bishop of Quebec receives a thousand pounds sterling a year. It seems Father Francis Nagot is with God and would not have to witness this. Cheverus asks Bruté to give Nagot his regards and also to Archbishop Leonard Neale. He thinks often of Mother Seton and her martyr child and owes her a letter. He sends his regards to Father Jean Dubois and thanks him for the news from Bishop William DuBourg. Father John Thayer, who died in Limerick last year made Father Francis Matignon his universal legatee prescribing that he spend the whole fund to establish the Ursulines in Boston. As the fund is insufficient Matignon has decided not to do anything for some time. They are too poor to have a school. Matignon asks for Bruté's prayers. Mr. Brosius is always in the neighborhood but his health does not allow him to work in the ministry., P.S. Having failed to make the first occasion he sends this letter by mail. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 7 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, George Town, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Mar. 26 Grassi thanks Bruté for the news that the Jesuits have been expelled from St. Petersburg and Moscow. He did not know the Jesuits were settled in the capital of Russia. He is afraid that good Alexander Divof's conversion has received too much glory; the Society will not regret except that the mind of the emperor is set against them. The prelate that builds churches for the Lutherans will not regret at all. He is a kind of convert from Calvinism. The last year Grassi was in Russia his coadjutor Bishop Bonislawsky was obliged to leave St. Petersburg because of his opposition to divorces. Catholics alone suffer because they teach the truth. The Jesuits labored only with the hope that their efforts would lead to a reunion of the Latin and the Greek churches. The New York Times says the Jesuits were excluded merely because they abuse the toleration by prosyletism. He is sorry he cannot verify the first point in Grassi's letter because the history of the Society is at Whitemarsh. As far as he knows the inquisition was never in the charge of the Jesuits. In case of public charges against the Jesuits he would approve Bruté's proposal of not remaining silent. The Society is not well established in the country and he is not encouraged at the prospect of making good Christians of American youths. Mr. Henry Carrol has not visited the college since Grassi has been there. Mr. Ringold lives in the city. The Archbishop Leonard Neale will be in Baltimore towards the end of the month. He sends his regards to Father Vespre and others., P.S. By forgetfulness the letter was not sent the day it was written. The Archbishop intends to be in Baltimore next Thursday. Bruté is to tell Vespre that the large box arrived in good order. March 30. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 2pp. 4to., 2 CMNT II-3-n Cheverus, John, Bishop of Boston, Massachusetts, to Father John Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Apr. 10 He entrusts the brochures to Thomas Bohen a man who has made his Easter duty and sets out with his family for Baltimore. He has promised to deliver the package. the obligations of the day will not permit Cheverus to visit with Bruté but he remains his friend. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 2pp. 4to., 2 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, George Town, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Apr. 18 With gratitude he has received the document written by a true friend of the Jesuits, although had he seen it before it was printed he would have added one item: how the Russian emperor who makes it a crime for Jesuits to convert several Russians from their ancestors' religions could have permitted the same Jesuits to convert the inhabitants of the Caucasus who became converted to Mohammedans two centuries before the Russians received Christianity. These same Russians convert Lutherans and even Catholics from the religion of their ancestors to the Greek Church. They permit atheists to speak against religion but persecute these Jesuits. It is a fact that in the reign of Catherine II missions were sent to convert the Greek Catholics of White Russia to that of Photius. They used bribes and penalties to induce changes to the Russian religion. However the article by Bruté's friend is authentic and the name of the Pope who was the chief promoter of these missions was Jean and lived a long time at Vitepsk where the Jesuits have a college and this friend has conversed with several who were eyewitnesses of these missions. He thanks Bruté for his friendship for the Jesuits and if he uses the above information he should not say he got it from a Jesuit since they still have several colleges and missions, which he mentions, in Russia. He sends his regards to Father Vespre. Father Bourg had left the college for Virginia again. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 2pp. 4to., 1 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, George Town, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 May 7 The letter is sent by Mav. J. Almeda. He sends these lines not to talk about the spots on the sun but to recommend a good boy from the college for one year only who returns to his parents in Baltimore. His conduct is edifying, the more so as he left the vessel of his father, a privateer, to go to Georgetown. Because Grassi fears the danger to which the young man will be exposed he has recommended that he go to see Bruté. Father Anthony Kohlman, having been afflicted lately of weakness in his chest, he could not instruct the novices and has gone to the springs and perhaps as far as Conewago. He hopes that Father General will send them some help which is indispensable for the college and the missions. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 2pp. 4to., 3 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, St. Thomas Seminary, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 May 28 David thanks Bruté for his letter and thanks him for his efforts to maintain their seminary. He hopes that in Bruté's letter to France he will not cease to speak for them. As for himself he will continue in the work which he regards as a work of Providence. It is not himself that he seeks since he would be better off at Baltimore. But it is the fear of seeing the work of 4 years vanish and his work rendered useless, of seeing the 12 clerics of whom 7 are from Kentucky deprived of the hope of becoming priests and of seeing the religious life there destroyed that keeps him at his task. David has written to Father Jean Tessier his reasons and he repeats some of them here. David regards the seminary there as belonging to St. Sulpice and himself as superior of such a seminary. This is shown in he gift of the library without any expectation of a return. Father Ambrose Maréchal who has come since would upset all this and has asked Tessier to recall David to Baltimore. When Father Jacques Emery sent him to Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget Emery wrote to Father Francois Nagot he was supposed to return if Flaget did not establish a seminary within two years. David insists that the Holy Father when David was named to Philadelphia left him with Flaget because Flaget said he was necessary. He does not think he would do grand things in Baltimore. He has had his difficulties even in Kentucky but God has given him the grace to surmount them. David has written to the Holy Father explaining things and he hopes he will achieve with the Bishop the acceptance of their seminary. He has also written to Tessier telling him of the good will of the Fathers of Paris, especially Father Garnier. Their seminary church is finished and now they build a cathedral. They do not have definite news from Louisiana. If they go there there will be no longer a seminary in Kentucky. They would spend their time forming the savages of Missouri, but they will do what they are commanded. He thanks Bruté for the account of the death of Father Nagot. He has read it to the group. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 5 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Jun. 11 Flaget writes from the very land of the cathedral. That morning he laid out the dimensions with Father Jean David and the architect. His encouragement is so great that he would go against Providence to delay. Now they lay the stones for the foundation and they will come from a quarry on the same ground. IN five or six weeks the foundation will be laid and he will return to lay the cornerstone with all the solemnity he can muster with his grand master of ceremonies and as many priests as he can assemble. He asks Bruté to pray that he will himself be the cornerstone of the cathedral and its finest ornament, the first in this vast country, and a model for all that will be built. The building will be 100 feet long and 64 feet in width. The choir will be thirty feet long and 20 in width and end in a semicircle. Godfroy had begun a plan on the dimensions he had suggested but did not complete the plan. The bishop may have committed some faults in his plan but he has tried to follow the rules. Although his subscription went above his hopes he still has need of his friends at a distance and he hopes that Bruté will warn Fathers Radin, Fenwick, Moranvilliers, Maguire and others and good laymen to aid the subscription. When he thinks that he has only 8 Catholics in Bardstown and yet the town has subscribed five thousand dollars he must believe that God directs the work. He assures Bruté his everlasting gratitude for his aid., P.S. Mr. Millet is disgusted with Flaget's seminary and wishes to return to Baltimore. He is very inconstant and Flaget doubts he will ever stay in one place. He would let him go if he had the money for his expenses. He does not have the missionary spirit and Flaget regrets giving him tonsure and minor orders, but he will repair that by giving him his exeat. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 3 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, George Town, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Jun. 17 Grassi apologizes for not answering sooner. He sent Bruté's last letter to Father Anthony Kohlman and WhitMarsh. The intelligence in it will be very agreeable also to his brother who lives with him, to supply for his bad health. When the weakness of his breast becomes painful he will go to Conewago. Grassi expects him there to see about several things in the ensuing scholastic year. If the Superior General does not send them some assistance Grassi does not know what he will do. He intends to reduce the number of students to leave more leisure for the scholastics to make a regular course of studies. They have now 26 scholastics whom he hopes will succeed but if they do not receive a Jesuitical education they will be discouraged. He has no news from Europe except the last letter of Father Charles Plowden, an extract of which he sent to Father Fenwick for Bruté. Grassi had no time to write because Father Henry was sick. Father Neale was absent. Grassi asks Bruté to thank Father Vespre for copying the extracts Bruté sent him. He wants a parcel of books from France. He asks where to seek them in France. He sends his regards to the other priests. Dr. O'Connor has announced that he has consumption. Father Byrne is not able to say Mass on Sunday., P.S. He hopes Bruté has seen the new tariff for customs houses, according to which books for incorporated colleges are free of duty. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 2pp. 4to., 2 CMNT II-3-n Cheverus, Jean, Bishop of Boston, Massachusetts, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Jun. 25 Cheverus has received with gratitude the details of the mission to New Orleans and Bruté's note about it. The letter will be given to Bruté by Mr. Gavin who takes two sons of one of his friends. Cheverus says that if he left them there to learn English they would lose their faith. Bruté will be their guardian angel. He sends the respects of Father Francis Matignon. He unites with him to salute Bruté's faculty. Cheverus intends in two months and a half to make a mission in Newcastle and surroundings in Maine. He wishes he had someone to leave with Father Matignon besides his Irish minor. He wishes he could leave some one else during his absence., P.S. He asks that the enclosure be passed on to Mother Corbettez after Bruté has read it. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 2pp. 4to., 2 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bardstown, Wilderness of Kentucky, to Father Simon Bruté Brutey, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Jul. 2 Flaget informs Bruté that he is traveling among high mountains and deep valleys which are suffering from a drought but has received, for the past two days, so much rain that it is now possible to float frigates in rivers where one could hardly have found enough water to wash his hands. From the banks of such a river, which he is unable to cross, he writes: 1. to thank Bruté for all he has sent for in such a region everything is precious; 2. to tell him that Father Jean Tessier has upset him greatly with detailed accounts which he should never have sent -- and has somewhat forced him to give others which should have been omitted. Flaget will not stop liking him as before if he will treat him more like a friend than he has been doing for some time. Flaget is enclosing two letters for France which are very important to his diocese and asks that they be sent as soon as possible in reliable hands. The good Lord has blessed his work in such a way that he does not believe that it is His desire that he be changed. That is the way that he is going to expose it to the Holy Father who will then do as he wishes. While waiting for the decision of the Holy Father he will continue the plans for his cathedral, because if he does not take advantage of the present circumstances, his successor, if he is to have one, will have great difficulty in arousing the good-will that he now has. That is why he asks Bruté to make a collection among his students, his friends, and acquaintances for that purpose, and to tell Father John Francis Moranviller to do as much, and that God will recompense them for any humiliation which they might suffer. Above all he wants Bruté to assure Maximilian Godefroy and his wife of his sincere affection for them and to beg him, on bended knees if necessary, to send the plan of the Cathedral which he once began. If any expenses are involved, Flaget will cover them. The cornerstone of the cathedral is to be blessed soon but Flaget will be satisfied with laying the foundation this year. This will give Godefroy time to complete what he has already started. Flaget is fond of the plan because his desire is to build a church which can serve as a model. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 3 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, Georgetown, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Jul. 31. Grassi does not have anything to say but must answer Bruté's last letters. Priests lately from Italy brought him a letter from Father Mai who saw Bishop William Duborg at Milan where Grassi's fellow novice is working. Father Ladavière has left Baltimore and is now in Paris. What Father Briessler writes on the novitiate of Destelberghe gives hopes that they will receive aid from that quarter. Father Grivel has left Russia for France. Grassi thinks he is the man forced to leave St. Petersburg for having converted Princess Galiczin. Since Grassi is doubtful that Father Vespre is in the seminary he sends a letter for him which Bruté may read and take care of the good Dutchman of whom it speaks. He begs Bruté to continue to write. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 2pp. 4to., 2 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of St. Michael, Bards Town, Kentucky, to Father P. Babade, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Aug. 1 Flaget thanks Babade for the few lines he has inserted in the letter of Madame Petit and for his interest in his diocese. Babade understands better than Father Jean Tessier how necessary it is that Father Jean David remain. How else could the seminary go without the seminary what would become of the diocese? Babade would have enjoyed the blessing of the cornerstone of his cathedral on the feast of Mt. Carmel. He was preceded by the cross and eighteen clerics in surplices to the place where he had planted a cross. Then David explained the ceremonies in a moving way and Flaget performed the ceremonies and then thanked those who had subscribed and encouraged others to do so. He then gave a solemn benediction with cross and miter to the audience, more Protestant than Catholic. He quotes some of the things said. A Protestant made a note in the newspaper about it. He has had to pay $700 for the lot on which the cathedral will stand. He will be able to sustain these later but he needs the money now. He asks Babade to share this letter with Father Simon Gabriel Bruté., P.S. Since the plan for the cathedral is necessary he has written to Maximilian Godefroy about it but he wishes Babade to speak to him also. The facade increases the subscriptions. He dares not write any more to Havana since they seem to have forgotten him. Babade can do in that what he thinks suitable. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 8vo., 5 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Aug. 13. David regrets his delay in answering Bruté's latest letter. The details of the mission of Orleans was so interesting and gave proof that hope for the renewal of religion is not impossible. On July 16 the Feast of Our Lady of Mt. Carmel Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget solemnly blessed the foundation stone of the cathedral. He was assisted by Father Fuit the Dominican, Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat and David, four deacons Desrigauds and three Dominicans, one subdeacon, two in minor orders and seven clerics, 17 in all. The seminarians had come four miles on foot. A great crowd of people attended, including several ministers, among whom was the Presbyterian minister of Bardstown. David describes the procession to the site and his sermon and the speech of Flaget. He made a good impression as the enclosed clipping evidences no enclosure. There is much activity at the foundation now since they want to lay the bricks in the springtime. The worker charges $8 a thousand and promises to finish October 15, 1817. As Bruté can see they are in need. they lack a plan. Maximilian Godefroy Godfroid has been cold to Flaget's urging. They have formed a ground plan which he gives in detail. He urges Bruté to have Godefroy send the frontispiece. The seminary is sufficient for the office but there are many things to be done there. Flaget will bless it on the feast of the Assumption. They are about to begin their seminary and he is sure that his translation to Louisiana will not take place. Flaget's word should have influence in Rome as Bishop William Dubourg will have to establish his see with his zealous missionaries as he sees fit. The seminary will be of brick. He is advancing the vacation of the seminary 15 days so that the seminarians can work on the building. They expect to be in the seminary by winter. The stipends for Masses from New Orleans will aid here. He forgot to say that the Bishop gave his blessing from the throne and greatly impressed the people. Millet has changed his mind and will stay. He does poorly in theology and reads like Ganilh in the refectory., P.S. The Sisters thank him for his precious gifts, and promise prayers for him. They have as many scholars as they can handle. The number is 14. He asks that Father Jean Tessier send them by the first opportunity some medicines he lists. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 4 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph Bishop of Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Aug. 14. Flaget encloses this letter in a letter very important for Bishop William DuBourg which he asks Bruté to expedite but carefully since he does not send a duplicate. If his seminary of Saint Thomas would be taken over by the Sulpicians he would lack nothing for his happiness there. Tomorrow on the feast of the Assumption he will bless the chapel dedicated to St. Thomas with deacon and subdeacon. Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat will be assistant priest and Father Jean David will direct the choir. It is marvelous to see the Protestants of Bardstown give all kinds of ornaments for the cathedral of which the foundations are already in the ground. Bruté must not forget the plans of Maximilian Godefroy and send them in the care of Madame St. Martin. He writes no more because of a lack of time. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 2pp. 8vo., 3 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bardstown, Loretto, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Sep. 10 Flaget has received Bruté's latest letter and tribute for which he is very grateful. He wants to know the source of the oval reliquary, the portrait of Our Lord and Our Lady embossed in silver and a little ivory statue of the Blessed Virgin so that he can send a testimony of his gratitude. He is grateful to God for the bit of the cross he gives him every day to keep his apostolic way. The little success he had in Baltimore for his cathedral is disappointing. He asks that Bruté recommend his work to Mr. Sinnot and his brother-in-law Walsh. The Bishop of Quebec writes that he is himself building a church. Father Gabriel Richard at Detroit also is building one. The gentlemen of Upper Louisiana who had made some fine promises are collecting funds for their bishop. So his resources outside are reduced to zero. Millet though more content is not as satisfied as Flaget wishes. He asks that Bruté pass on the enclosed letter., P.S. If George Elder is at the seminary Bruté is to tell him that his family is well. He is to embrace him and give him all the attention in Bruté's power. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 2pp. 4to., 2 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, St. Thomas Seminary Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland, Favor of Mr. Grandchamps 1816 Sep. 13 He has received Bruté's letter of no date but stamped 31 August. He is grateful for all the good news. He is impressed by the good men, the great baggage and great cost but if these are destined for the establishment they will be justified. He would never have consented to what they have had he known the cost. The postage was $200 as demanded by Father Jean Tessier. They are happy to have visitors Vincentians but have little room now that they have seven workers from outside. They will be welcomed at St. Louis. They will take 4 there to learn English. They expect to have room in the seminary to lodge them at the end of November. That will be 30 feet square of brick of which he gives a detailed description. After they finish the cathedral they will build another seminary for the theologians and philosophers and St. Thomas will then become a minor seminary. He will also make some addition for the Sisters of Nazareth who now have 31 students. There are 14 Sisters of whom 10 have made their vows. He will soon receive 2 more. Father Ambrose Maréchal is wrong if he thinks that David and Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget have contributed to his nomination. David does not think that Flaget has said a word to Father William DuBourg. David is sure that Maréchal will resist the coadjutorship as much as he did the appointment to Philadelphia. As to himself Flaget has offered strong reasons which he sent to the pope through Father Charles Nerinckx. He is too elevated already and does not want to be considered for any prelature. Mr. Grandchamps leaves them for Baltimore fully equipped for the trip. He has promised to pay when he gets to Baltimore and David asks that Tessier see to that. He is not very strong and David does not know whether he will try to enter another seminary. They have given up on the plans from Maximilian Godefroi. The ground plan is finished. They need a frontispiece. John Rogers has a plan but David would prefer the hand of a master. The interior is 64 feet. They want a bell tower, the base of which would be 16 feet square. Their ground plans resemble those of Bruté except for the two chapels in the recesses. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 10 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, George Town, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Sep. 16 He writes to inform Bruté that Mr. DeClery of Pittsburgh has asked them to send the bed and bedding of his son John who was in their house last year and this year will be with Bruté. If Bruté will send a servant to the post office he will find the articles belong to the boy. The young man conducted himself well at Georgetown. Father James Lucas is there and intends to leave for richmond Sunday evening. Grassi has much to say but does not know how to begin. One of the professors being absent to make a retreat, Grassi has to take his classes., P.S. Among Declery's books was a copy of the "Introduction to Devout Life" in German with the name of Georgetown written in. If it belongs to DeClery Grassi will send it. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 2pp. 4to., 3 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, GeorgeTown, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Sep. 19 One of the professors being on retreat and Francis Neale being absent Grassi has been very busy, having scarcely time to read Bruté's letter of last week. As the boys have gone on a steamboat down the Potomac he has some free time. He thinks what Bruté has written on the Jesuits for the Analytic Magazine will not produce the effect he intends. The manuscript refers to a charge made under St. Francis Xavier's generalship and in Bavaria. grassi relates the story and indicates that the manuscript making the charge should be ridiculed. Grassi relates how another Jesuit handled a plan to publish tales about the Jesuits. He thinks that treating these attacks as jokes, of which he gives and example, is a better argument than trying to expose the services of the Jesuits to humanity. Grassi quotes also some pertinent passages from the Edinburgh Review. He regrets that he has lost several other quotations of this kind. He is sorry that he cannot quote the passage from Robertson on the Jesuits. He mentions other books on the subject. He relates an episode of Euler, the President of the St. Petersburg academy, about the Jesuits., P.S. Grassi does not know how Father Stephen Dubuisson is going on with his Bedford waters. He expected him home every day. He hopes that DeClery has arrived and that he found his bedding at the stage office. He asks if Bruté received his letter with money for Father Felix d' Andreis. Archbishop Leonard Neale enjoys good health but his health is in decline. Father Fenwick has Mr. Dallas's work in favor of the Jesuits and the letters of Father Plowden. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 4pp. 4to., 5 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, George Town, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Sep. 29 Grassi was absent three days and is late. Crescemberi was not a Jesuit. F. Antonio of Lodi was in Lisbon and sailed on his mission in 1806 or 7. Grassi knew him as a Capuchin. Father James Lucas is acquainted with Mr. Freeman of Georgetown. The wife of Freeman, a Methodist, complained that he did not return a visit to the college. He will return the visit and try to find out from Freeman, a Catholic, if the Unitarian preacher is his brother. According to a letter one of the Jesuits mentioned in Bruté's letter is Father Grivel of French Comte who has studied at St. Sulpice in Paris. Bruté's remarks about the aversion of some classes to the Jesuits reminds Grassi that this is a repetition of the life of the Redeemer. They have not recovered their balloon yet. He sent a list of distinguished Jesuits to Bruté but could not add more names to the list. He lists a great number of prominent Jesuits and their chief work. He wonders what Bruté will do with the list. He is anxious to see the pamphlet on the Bavarian librarian. Grassi is confident that Father Charles Plowden will not be silent if this pamphlet produces impressions unfavorable to the Society. He will stamp on the forehead of Delacy. Grassi had heard that some of Bruté's seminarians were to come to Georgetown to be ordained. Is it 10? :: II-3-n A.L.S. 4pp. 4to., 2 CMNT II-3-n Cheverus, Jean, Bishop of Boston, Massachusetts, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Oct. 9 Cheverus acknowledges Bruté's letter of September 30. Today is the feast of St. Denis and they hope and pray for France and the missions. He hopes that Abbé Caron instead of sadness will soon reap a harvest. The arrival of the missionaries Vincentians for Louisiana is important. There is hope there and in Kentucky. As to his own diocese he has bad news. Father James Romagne threatens to leave next summer. Reverend Francis K. Brosius has to return his family to Europe, because of his health. Mr. Dennis Ryan has received only minor orders but his foot is healing and there is hope that he will be ordained. Cheverus agrees with Bruté on the article of St. Gregory VII and hopes that Bruté will not fear to offend him by his opinions. He wishes that Pasquiet would return. On August 4 at Newcastle he baptized, confirmed, and communicated a lawyer of 46 years, Samuel Bishop. Many Protestant friends, among them lawyers like Bishop, were present. Cheverus sends his respects to Mother Elizabeth Seton. He sends greetings to Richard and Josephine. The widow of John C. Seton, the father of Rebecca, and his two children prepare to enter the church. Father John Tessier writes to Matignon offering him lodging in Baltimore but he is asking the Archbishop to excuse him from the ceremonies because he lacks funds. If he had funds he would try to get one or two priests to help them. He trusts in Providence but feels he should not contract debts. He has to advance $100 to one coming from Mayenne who is recommended by Abbé Songe at Mayenne. If Bruté or Tessier can advance the $100 he will have Father Durant call for it. Matignon will answer Tessier. Brosius will write to Babade., P.S. He has received Bruté's letter of the 5th. He encloses the money order in Bruté's name. He sends his compliments to Maréchal. Matignon agrees with Bruté on St. Gregory. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 8 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bardstown, Louisville, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Oct. 12 If Father Jean Tessier worries him in the next six months as he has during the past year Flaget will lose his life or his head. Bruté knows how he has made him suffer over Father Jean David. After that he had some money in his hands that belonged to Flaget and with which he made Flaget pay for some things which friendship should have allowed. Now he comes to engage Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat, demanding him without regard to Flaget's claims. Chabrat adopted Flaget's diocese at subdiaconate and promised him obedience when he was made a priest. He feels he has rights to Chabrat and wants to keep them. He admits that bishops in France allow priests to become Sulpicians and go to other dioceses but that is not true in this country. Chabrat is his eldest son. He can follow his vocation as Sulpician there as well as in Baltimore. If he gives him up no one will come to take his place. He will not cede to Tessier. That is why he ordained Chabrat., P.S. He sends his letter to Tessier because he thinks these are the deliberations of Tessier, H. Harent, and Ambrose Maréchal. If that is so he asks that the enclosed be communicated to his other confreres and ask for a general assembly because it means depriving of the means of doing his task. He would like to know the conduct of their friend Father Jean Dubois if Tessier talked of taking Hickey away without replacing him. Tessier would have two theologians near him to help him but this bishop has none. He asks that Father Pierre Babade be his advocate in the case. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 2pp. 4to., 8 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, St. Thomas Seminary, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Oct. 15 He has received for the Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget the letter concerning the missionaries who are descending the Ohio and are probably at Louisville. The Bishop left thursday with Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat to receive them and bring the 4 students Vincentians and even Father Felix D'Andreis to their poor cabin. They will have a long wait. When they left Pittsburgh September 24 there was rain but there has been no rain at Louisville or on the banks. David will be pleased to see these men but he fears that there will be trouble between the Kentuckians and the foreigners since the last two Frenchmen did not find favor. Grandchamp told Mr. Stephen Theodore Badin that they had expected to find a seminary but instead had found only a hole. Now they try to take away from them their dear Father Chabrat. He cannot believe that Bruté is among those who suggest such a thing. Chabrat has his days of melancholy but soon recovers. Father Jean Tessier seems to be trying to abandon the Bishop. Tessier even tries to take away the bishop's resources, charging him for matters that were gifts from St. Sulpice. David has been so disturbed that he has written to Father Duclaux. Chabrat has charge of four congregations which would be abandoned if Chabrat were withdrawn. He has become a scourge to heretics, especially the Baptists. David relates some of Chabrat's experiences with these Baptists. After conferring with the Bishop and David Chabrat arrived at certain conclusions: 1. That he was ordained under the title of the missions and destined at Clermont for Bardstown; 2. Flaget paid his expenses from Bourdeaux to Kentucky; 3. Chabrat's vocation has always been to the missions and was so recognized by Father Emery; and 4. Flaget ordained him deacon and priest and Chabrat promised him obedience. St. Thomas is recognized as a seminary and should not be deprived of its faculty. Father Charles Nerinckx brings some priests from Belgium so he will replace Father Chabrat who will become the director of the seminary of St. Thomas. When the cathedral is built they will have a grand seminary of St. Joseph and will be under Father Chabrat and some one else will take over the direction of St. Thomas such as Father Desrigaud. David gives his opinions and hopes that God will bless both places. The walls of the seminary rise and will be finished in three weeks. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp., 8 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, George Town, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Oct. 29 Grassi acknowledges Bruté's letter of the 23rd. He says that Bruté always knows more about ecclesiastical things than he even though he does not live far from the Archbishop Leonard Neale who told him that the Bishop of Boston John Cheverus was coming to impose the pallium, but did not mention the difficulty of which Bruté spoke. He is sure that the income from their corporation is far less than Bruté imagines and that the necessities of the novices absorb all that can be spared. Because the Archbishop said that Cheverus is coming it would be useless to write him. Grassi has the highest respect for Cheverus and wants him coadjutor and the Archbishop of Baltimore. It seems that Bruté regrets the non-residence of the actual archbishop. Grassi thinks quite contrary but will defer telling his reasons. He asks when they will see Bruté. He fears he answered too roughly Bruté's question on how their balloon was made. He told him to come and see it because he wanted to see Bruté. They have not received their balloon as yet. Grassi intends to visit Charles and St. Mary's counties. Father Anthony Kohlman is better. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 1p. 4to, 4 CMNT II-3-n Chabrat, Father Guy Ignatius, St. Thomas, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Nov. 18 Chabrat writes to Bruté about the proceedings of his superior, Father Jean Tessier, or rather of his counsellor Father Ambrose Maréchal who is a kind of Father Badin in Baltimore. Father Stephen Theodore Badin tries to deprive the Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget of his bread and the other tries to deprive him of his spiritual aides such as Father Jean David and himself. He may be ignorant. They tell him that his services are absolutely necessary for caring for the sick and several congregations about Bardstown. Father David is taken up with the seminary where he does more work than one could imagine. They will have 20 seminarians next week and several are to be ordained subdeacon and deacon. If he obeys Tessier about 4,000 souls will be destitute of spiritual assistance. Tessier tells him he must leave this because it is foreign to his vocation as a Sulpician. Chabrat hopes that this will not be put into effect. If there were another to take his place he would not hesitate to go to Baltimore. He has seen so many uncharitable things since he came to America he is a bit regretful that he ever trod American soil. He feels that the spirit of Father Olier is not in St. Mary's Seminary or they would not treat Flaget as they do. Chabrat asks Bruté to ask Father Jean Dubois, Pierre Babade and others what they think he should do or what they would do themselves under the circumstances. P.S. Tessier or Maréchal insists that if he is a Sulpician he must obey his orders. Chabrat asks Bruté to pray for him in his sorrow. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 4pp. 4to., 5 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph Bishop of Bardstown, St. Thomas, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Nov. 18 Flaget says that his letter to Father Jean Tessier which Bruté thought sensible received a peremptory answer which demanded that if Chabrat remained with Flaget he would no longer be a Sulpician. Nothing like that would ever be written by Father Emery or Father Olier. Despite this, Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat has decided to remain with him, hoping that the brethren in Paris will be considerate and not erase his name from the Sulpicians. Since the matter will be sent to Father Antoine Duclaux Flaget asks that his letter to Tessier be sent there also, at least a copy. Flaget thinks this is the machinations of the devil who is disturbed by the success of Chabrat. The seminary progresses well, Millet has changed for the better, and Flaget thinks he will ordain him subdeacon along with another from Kentucky. Another will be made deacon and Derigaud will be made a priest to say Mass. Another will receive tonsure and 2 others minor orders. At the September ember days four Dominicans were ordained priest. One of them preached before him yesterday, and before a large crowd including Protestants. His pronunciation was so much better than that of the French priests. The Dominicans are not as useful as his own because they are to work in their college. Flaget sent through Bruté a letter to the Archbishop of Bordeaux. If Bruté writes to the Archbishop he should inform him and the Bishop of Cahors about the conduct of Mr. Ganilh and Mr. Millet. The young man who seemed so attached to Flaget's diocese now says he will serve the diocese twenty years and then return to France. This has aroused the suspicions of Father Jean David. Flaget hopes that Bruté will also write to Duclaux to see that justice is rendered to him., P.S. Archbishop John Carroll left him a sum of money but Flaget does not know who is the executor or the amount. He asks that Bruté try to find out., P.S. He sends his regards to Babade, DuBois and the Elders. There is a note in another hand on the back: Arrived this instant I have not read it all. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 8 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bardstown, Loretto, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Dec. 6 He apologizes to Bruté for writing to him only on envelopes but he has to take advantage of the best means to get his letters to Europe through Baltimore. He encloses a letter for Madame Fourrier which is for the most part for her brother, the Bishop; he hopes that Bruté will not delay it. That to Father Jean Tessier is open so Bruté can read it and also their confreres who may be interested. Father Felix D'Andreis and eight of his confreres who may be interested. Father Felix D'Andreis and eight of his confreres Vincentians will spend the winter in Catholic homes. They can help by saying Mass and will have to learn English. Father Stephen Theodore Badin offers to take two. They delay because they do not speak french perfectly and they want to enter with the Bishop Joseph Rosati to make a grand entrance. The presence of Father Andreis has been good for his seminarians., P.S. Father Jean David is very happy to be able to offer hospitality to these men. It would be unfortunate for religion if Bishop William DuBourg became coadjutor. His new diocese is a field suitable to his zeal. He does not consider Father Ambrose Maréchal for bishop and five times more as archbishop. He is a grand man but does not have the talent for government. Bruté notes that he considers this an indescretion that should not be passed on. He sends regards to Babada, Dechevigné and Vepres. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 2pp. 4to., 9 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, George Town, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1816 Dec. 8 Bruté has reason to be angry with him for not answering letters and the book on the "Institution of Bishops." He can offer as excuse his absence from the college and the accumulation of business. He gives good news. Dr. Felix Gallagher has come to the college and submitted to the Archbishop Leonard Neale. That ends the Charleston schism. Gallagher is going to Baltimore on his way to New York and will probably visit the college. Grassi has visited for the first time the missions in Charles and St. Mary's counties. Priests are scarce. He has heard from Conewago the Father Adam Britt is unable to do anything there. In the Laws of Maryland he has found a law of October 26, 1723 against blasphemy and thinks it might be used against the Freeman. Father Anthony Kohlman is recovered from his breast indisposition. Father Stephen DuBuisson seems improved. Little Jo Byrne is troubled with scruples. Grassi has not heard from Europe and DuBuisson has not received the box from France. Grassi asks Bruté to thank the gentlemen who did the work for him. As Bishop Jean Cheverus has given the news about the archbishop; he will say nothing except that he is well and rejoiced about Gallagher. Father Wallace has not received back his balloon. Next Sunday the addition to Father William Matthews' church will be blessed. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 4pp. 4to., 8 CMNT II-3-o Flaget, Benedict Joseph: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Brute: Mount St. Mary's, Emmitsburg, Maryland. 1817 If Flaget followed the impulsions of his heart he would have to write every week, but his head, whose limitations are well known is filled with disparate things that he doesn't know where to begin much less where to end. Without speaking of the spiritual sollicitude of his diocese which demands ten times more than he is capable of doing. Flaget is in a labyrinth of temporal affairs all as important as the other. Mr. Scheiffers, one of his young priests, who only two days before returned from one of his apostolic journeys, related the many blessings which God has bestowed upon his ministry in regards to the Catholics and several Protestants whom he received in the church. He stated that the people whom he visited spoke of nothing less than building a beautiful brick chapel in the parish, in another where there is already a chapel they speak of building a monastery for five or six religious, in third they speak of purchasing a beautiful land for the residence of two priests who will serve all the western part. Guy Ignatius Chabrat a few days before and said that the excursions were so considerable and continous that he can no longer take care of the buildings and that he can hardly accomplish half of his duties. And since the unfortunate time that Tessier summoned him to Baltimore without delay. The poor man has been so troubled in his conscience and in his actions that at times he falls in a melancholy which alarms Flaget and places a great obstacle to his overwhelming zeal. Although he does not cease telling Flaget that he is no longer good for anything, that all his efforts are useless. Flaget has definite knowledge that he does well where ever he goes, that the protestants as well as the Catholics admire his virtues and talent that in Louisville. Catholics make great efforts to complete their chapel and that ministers from other sectes dare not enter into conference with him. If Flaget has someone capable of filling the place that Chabrat now occupies, he would have him retire to the seminary where his work would be extremely necessary and where he would do greater work, but where to find someone to replace him? Flaget's house in the country alone is a little world at present and fills my mind. In one place you will see workers digging rocks to build a House Mill which is as essential to his large family as the arm is to the body, there are three or four masons, here nine or ten Mill Wrights a bit further two or three carpenters to prepare the roof and floors of the said mill; at the new seminary there are four or five plasterers all the young seminaristes are employed some hauling sand the others passing the lime which they themselves made some mixing the mortar others carrying it and all the servants work all day and part of the night to find and prepare food for this large company. Fortunately this is to last only six weeks at most two months otherwise it would be impossible to hold out and the episcopal treasury would be more than empty. He thanks the Devine Providence who loves him more than he deserves that these vast expenses will be made without any debts and afterwards he will be able to feed twenty or twenty-five seminaristes. His cathedral which he visited yesterday is twenty-two feet high in all its length, the bricks to complete it are made. In two or three weeks all the mason work will be completed. The pillars and other material used to cover it are already or partly on the place, the rest will arrive the following week, and the good and incomparable Rogers assured him that by the month of November it will be covered. Until now all the workers have been paid but at Christmas he will need two or three thousand dollars Dominus provided it. Flaget tells Brute that he will be doing a great favor if he will put his shoulder to the wheel of Providence and send him some funds from his quarters for God said Help yourself and I will help you. Flaget has begged Mgr Marechal to interest his friends in behalf of this great work but he is afraid that Mgr has lost sight of it for his highness will be occupied with the administration and especially the future of the Basilique that the Cathedral will be disregarded as an object of very trifling consideration. Independent of the beautiful things brought back by Nerinkx, a chevalier named Magallon from Nizen Providence sent him two large boxes and two trunks full of books and ornaments which the customs agent d'Orleans permitted to enter free from duty knowing it was for the poor bishop of Kentucky. Flaget will have to pay only for the freight from New Orleans to St. Thomas. He is expecting their arrival any day. He asks Brute to join him in blessing the Divine Providence who has showered its blessing on him, though unworthy as he is. He begs to be remembered in Brute's prayers and sacrifices and asks him to include his benefactors for it is the only way he has of showing his appreciation. Benoit Jh. The enclosed letter is a petition to the Propaganda to obtain as much as he can for his diocese. It is Mr. Diaudrais who encourages him to do it and it is he who has translated the said petition. He asks for details concerning the college and the seminary. Mr. Nerinkx arrivied in Kentucky the day before. Flaget wants to be informed as soon as DuBourg arrives. Flaget sends his love and benedictions to Elder. Flaget is leaving his studies to the direction of his superiors hoping that will be strong in rhetoric logic for he is destined to teaching. It is time that they think of ordaining him subdeacon. It would be helpful to him if he would study the French language. The same wishes to Chabrat? and others B.J. letter missing :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 4pp. CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, George Town, District of Columbia, to father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Jan. 12 Grassi has nothing to say but feels that he should write, since Archbishop John Carroll used to say that etiquette suggests it. Father Anthony Kohlman has relapsed. This with other problems makes him look for help. He hears from Father Sewall of Stoneyhurst that one or two professors are coming to their assistance, and that the Father General has written to Father Stone that the general will ask permission of the Emperor to go to Rome. Sewall thinks there is little prospect of obtaining permission. There is great distress in England. Grassi asks Bruté to send him a prospectus of Emittsburg and of Montreal College for a gentleman who wants to send his boy away because he has been running home. Grassi has not heard from Father Vespre but hopes he is well. Father Stephen Dubuisson is about the same. Archbishop Leonard Neale is well, with about 35 nuns. He asks if there is any news of the missionaries in upper Louisiana. It has been a mild winter for them. A priest from Liege, Father D'Etese has improved so much in English as to be able to hear confessions. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 4pp. 4to., 5 CMNT II-3-n Chabrat, Father Guy Ignatius, St. Michael's, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Jan. 24 He thanks Bruté for the letter he has written to him. He was between two fires but he seeks only the glory of God. He is a bit surprised that he had not heard from Father Jean Tessier. Perhaps he should have written but he prefers to leave matters in the hands of Providence. He has, however, written the following reflections. He does not believe that he would have joined the society except on the conditions that he did, that is not to stay in the seminary but to go on the foreign missions and that he cannot see how what was considered a mark of his vocation to St. Sulpice can now be considered an obstacle to that same vocation. He had told his superiors that he did not feel called to teaching and that he felt called to the missions. He would remain in the seminary 4 or 5 years to form himself spiritually but that he wanted to go to the missions. Father Michel Levadoux and Father Brissard had him read the 4 volumes of the Lettres Edifiants and advised him to set out with Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget, other wise he would have joined the Fathers of the Faith. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 2pp. 4to., 3 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Bishop Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bardstown, St. Thomas, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Feb. 4 Bruté's latest letter has edified him with the account of the death of Father John Thayer. It is good for religion that he has preserved the faith after the serious error into which he fell and the censure that he incurred. Flaget spent some weeks in the region where he gave such scandal. He felt that he had worked an injustice about the land he sold before he left. He believes that Father Francis Matignon could make reparations with the funds that Thayer has left. But if all has been done according to the rules of justice Bruté should strengthen the house at Emmitsburgh the best he can, because it is better to endow what exists than to establish new ones. The Roman court thinks the endowments of communities is a condition sine qua non for approval. If an epidemic should occur among the daughters Sisters of Loretto of Father Charles Nerinckx they would be very much embarrassed. He is going to provide any monastery he founds with the needs to meet such emergencies. Lately he has given the veil to four girls in the establishment of Nerinckx, the oldest is 25 and the youngest 17 and they have a dowry of ten negroes who will be very helpful to the community. It has been a great consolation that there are so many girls practicing chastity in these neighborhoods. Flaget begs pardon for his faults. He speaks strongly and may give offense. Father Antoine Duclaux has pleased him with his letter to Father Jean David and he approves of their not obeying Father Jean Tessier. While he does not accept the seminary as part of the Sulpician seminaries he approves their rule although different from other seminaries. This shows that Tessier and his council treated him very rigorously. If Tessier is with Bruté Flaget asks for pardon. The same for Father Ambrose Maréchal about whom his conscience would not be tranquil if he had unjustly suspected them. They were unjust and he is not a Saint Francis De Sales., P.S. He asks for Masses., 2. He asks for 2 lorgnets not for a man such as Tessier but for a man of 50 to 60 years. Mr. Maguire can supply them., P.S. John Rogers asks him to tell Godefroi that they want an affirmative or a negative answer. Flaget asks for some tobacco. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 6pp. 4to. and 32mo., 11 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, George Town, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Feb. 8 Father Paul Kohlman left the two boxes mentioned in the enclosed at the college where the Conewago wagon comes because he thought that would quicken the delivery. He has no news. Father Andres has sent him some Italian books, those of Pelegrini, Trento, Paoli as well as two of his academical memoirs. He sends two other books. He also promises to send his own works. Dell'Origine called by Father Eustache in his Classical tour through Italy a masterly performance. Grassi would prefer to receive a number of good missionaries than books because he has no time to read. When Father Enoch Fenwick was there he spoke to him of the school established by Saint Charles Borromeo. In Grassi's opinion it is the best method of instructing children. He would like to establish it in Georgetown and teach it himself. He sends the greetings of those at the college to those at Baltimore. The ship James Monroe is still at Washington and intends to sail for Bordeaux.` A.L.S.` On the same letter: CMNT II-3-n Stinchcomb, Benjamin, _____ 1817 Feb. 6 This is a receipt stating that he has received from Father John McElroy two boxes addressed "to Rev. Mr. Debart" to be delivered to Father Bruté at St. Mary's College who will pay 1 1/4 cents per pound.` Receipt S. :: II-3-n A.L.S. Receipt S. 3pp. 4to., 4 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, George Town, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Mar. 2 Grassi is very grateful for Bruté's letter. He has received a letter of September 20 from the General from Polock where he says he is like a prisoner. The government refuses him permission to go to Rome or to send others. Father Cross Tristram says a new publication has appeared answering Dallas's work in favor of society or rather against the Catholic religion. There is still a Father Charles Plowden although he is old and losing the elegance of his pen. The division over the veto still troubles the Catholic body. Grassi will send Bruté Father Andres' pamphlet. He sends his regards to Father Ambrose Maréchal and others. Father Francis Neale is doing poorly., P.S. Bruté's friend Joseph Byrne being almost insane from scruples father Anthony Kohlman sent him home. Since the General does not speak of the expulsion of the Jesuits the story about Geneva is quite unfounded. He saw the article in the Edinburgh Review on Father Viscard; he saw it about 10 years ago. This letter was to have been sent with Father Henry a week ago but he delayed his trip because of Father Neal's indisposition. He has received Bruté's of the 6th. Until Father Benjamin Fenwick arrives it will be impossible for Grassi to go into town to get the copies of the Portico mentioned by Bruté. The Archbishop Leonard Neale does not bother with Porticos or newspapers. If he saw the Fernandez article or the Charleston article he does not mention them. If they get two professors from Stonyhurst or some help from the Low Countries, they can turn their hand to establishing a Catholic magazine. Mr. Baxter, one of the expected professors, has already published in England. There is a rage of pamphlets against Catholics in that country. It would be folly for them to start something they could not continue. Father Plowden said they must build with one hand and write with the other but he did not think of the hand they have to use on the missions in America. They are thinking of sending their men to Rome or Palermo for their education. As he never goes out in Washington he cannot give any particulars about the oath of Monroe, but will ask Father William Mathews who was present at the ceremony. He does not contradict Mr. Farrell but they are all well. March 10, 1817. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 4pp. 4to., 5 CMNT II-3-n Cheverus, Jean, Bishop of Boston, Massachusetts, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Mar. 24 Cheverus should have written to Bruté 20 times as he attaches great value to his friendship. He has lately received the box of things that Father _____ Vespres [Vespre] sent him. He has begun to read the "Tradition of the Church" which he began to read after Easter. He has been refreshed by the news from Rome of the new prelate chosen from the society of St. Sulpice, Ambrose Maréchal. Baltimore thought of Cheverus only because Maréchal has been nominated for Philadelphia and that was just a dream. Last Saturday he ordained Father Dennis Ryan who has been with him two years. He invited the congregation and preached a brief instruction. Father Francis Matignon is well and sends his regards. Cheverus wishes that the Catholic Magazine announced at New York would be submitted to Bruté's supervision. He will write to Mother Elizabeth Seton after Easter. He sends his regards to the priests at the seminary whom he mentions. If he does not always agree with Bruté's opinions he recognizes in them zeal and fervent piety., P.S. He sends his regards to Father Vespres and to Dr. and Mrs. Chatard. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 2pp. 4to., 5 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, George Town, district of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Apr. 8 Grassi avails himself of the opportunity of Mr. Chassing leaving for Baltimore to send Bruté the Memoria Academia of Father John Andres. He says little about the young man. If Father Paquet obtained very little from so indolent a character no wonder that his stay at Georgetown has not improved him. On the arrival of Mr. Baxter he hopes that it will be useful about the article in Portico and for the college. Grassi is disappointed about his hopes for Father Benjamin Fenwick but when he was ready to start he was called into court in a case of the Catholic trustees against the paper Exile. He asks how things are going in France as he has not heard. He said two Masses on Easter Sunday and Monday because there are only 2 priests in the college. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 2pp. 4to., 4 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, George Town, district of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Apr. 15 He wants to inform Bruté that when Baxter heard of Bruté's article in the Portico he felt that that publication was enough and would not write anything else. He expects that Bruté will have seen the two articles in the Intelligencer, and article signed by W. in reply to A. who had written of Leplace's impious conclusions. He replied to W. and W. is preparing a reply to him. Bruté asks if besides Lelande there was anyone else in Paris finding ground for atheism. Bruté has probably seen the prospectus of the Catholic Magazine to be published in New York by a Mr. Field. Father Benjamin Fenwick says he is inadequate to the task and that it shall not begin at all. Murphy, the printer at Georgetown, wants to publish a magazine. Bishop Cheverus took from grassi a copy of True Piety published in Ireland by Bishop Coppinger. It has excellent things and Grassi thinks they will be printed with additions. He sends regards to Father Maréchal., P.S. He apologizes for some ink blotches on the paper. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 2pp. 4to., 3 CMNT II-3-n DuBourg, Louis William, Bishop of Louisiana, Paris, France, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Apr. 22 Letter incomplete. His delay in going to his diocese has probably been wondered at and may have given scandal but he has followed in this the Sacred Congregation of Propaganda and Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget. They just lost Father Nicholas Parage. Bruté's friends there ask him to send their greetings to him to their confreres in Baltimore and Emmitsburgh., P.S. He recommends particularly Mrs. Baker, the bearer of this letter. She is an American who has become an excellent Catholic with her husband and family and desires to meet the priests at the seminary. DuBourg is much indebted to her for attentions at Montpelier. Her husband has been consul at Barcelona and Bordeaux. :: II-3-n A.L.S. Incomplete French 3pp. 4to. and 16mo., 3 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bardstown, Loretto, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brutéy, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Apr. 25. It was during the Paschal season, the harvest season for the priests and bishops, that Flaget received Bruté's letter. Apparently there are many sheaves but the final results will show a greater abundance of straw than grain. To all the burning pains of a laboring ministry, perhaps fruitless, are added the inexplicable contradictions and unexpected disappointments v.g. the instance of Maximilian Godefroi who failed to send the plan which he had offered so generously is an example. He is compelled to yield to the first one who comes with the certainty that he will erect an absurd and ridiculous structure. His position, though distressing as it might be, would be even more so if he had not tried on time to get the plan. Though Flaget is poor he would have offered this good man compensation, but he is so pretentious that his pride might easily be hurt. Godefroi had repeatedly expressed his happiness on having the occasion of helping his friend the Bishop of Bardstown and to offer God a monument as symbol of his devotion. In brief, godefroi, without explanation, has placed Flaget in a predicament; the latter foresees that before the end of the year he will have the disappointment of seeing erected an edifice which will perpetuate bad taste and vandalism in Kentucky and the surrounding country. He wants Bruté to tell Godefroi not to bother about the plans of the Cathedral and to thank him for the trouble that he has already taken. Another of Flaget's disappointments comes from Bruté's traveling companion, Mr. Millet. A letter of his addressed to Bishop William Louis Dubourg dated June 15, 1816 was found recently in the room of the Italians and was sent to Flaget by John Baptist David. After common excuses, Millet assures DuBourg that his purpose in coming to America was to be useful to the diocese and that in France he would have presented himself had he not heard that the Bishop was taking priests only. He had then received only minor orders. He admitted also that he was not physically able to stay at Flaget's seminary where half the time students are occupied with duties so heavy that no Frenchmen would stand, that the seminary is so poor that often the necessities are lacking, that more than thirty students finding life too hard have already left the seminary, that their dress was so quaint that he did *** not care to share them. Since writing this letter Millet has made a retreat and received the subdiaconate. Yet he told Flaget twenty times that he was satisfied. He has also made a fine tabernacle for the altar. Flaget asks why, if he has changed his mind he did not destroy the letter. He will have to resolve this problem. Father Joseph Rosati with Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat has gone for a visit to Vincennes where they will speak in french and English. On Easter Monday the Trappist Horloger who has been at Bardstown since the departure of Father Urbain drowned in the little river between the town and the seminary. He was with an apprentice who suffered the same fate. He is disturbed about the trouble about the bill of exchange sent to Father Jean Tessier. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 7 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bardstown, Loretto, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brutéy, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 May 3 In his recent letter he wrote as a child who forgets the things of the past in the excitement of the moment. The affair of Mr. Millet has been resolved to Flaget's satisfaction and he has said his mea culpa about his letter to Bishop Louis William DuBourg. As a mark of their good relations Flaget has given Millet permission to make a reredos for the altar in the seminary which has already a fine tabernacle. If Bruté has not told anyone of this affair he asks him not to do so. Tomorrow Flaget goes to St. Thomas for a procession. Father Joseph Rosati has returned from Vincennes with a fever. Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat is at Louisville to finish his chapel. Father Felix D'Andreis was called to attend a poor man who had nothing to eat or a place to sleep. A Protestant neighbor offered D'Andreis shelter which he accepted. They had a long conversation on religion and the man asked D'Andreis to return. The whole family has become religious. Last Sunday D'Andreis preached at one of the parishes of Father Chabrat. In four years he will be the Bridaine of the country. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 5 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, George Town, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 May 20 In compliance with Bruté's request they tell Bruté that he will find the debate over Father James Wallace in the National Intelligencer. He lists them and expresses regret that there was no answer by Baxter. Baxter's letter appeared on the very day there was an assembly of Protestants in Alexandra under Bishop Moore, Grassi thinks they should answer everything that appears against them. He asked what happened to Mr. Cooper who left Georgetown for Philadelphia to get money to sail to Gibraltar. They have heard nothing from him. He would like to know if there is a chip which intends to sail from Baltimore to Bordeaux although he is not certain when he will make his trip. Bruté is to tell Father Vespre that the box he sent has been received by Father Stephen Dubuisson in good condition. They will have three priests next week, Franklin and Regan who will be ordained, and Roger Baxter who is already in fourth theology at Stonyhurst. He supposes Bruté has heard of the death of Father Brooke a week ago after receiving only extreme unction. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 3pp. 4to., 6 CMNT II-3-n Flaget, Benedict Joseph, Bishop of Bardstown, St. Thomas, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 May 27 Flaget is ashamed to write on the envelope but he hopes that he will do for Madame Fourrier what he has done for the Archbishop of Bordeaux, from whom he has a response. That prelate has a lamentable tale of his diocese. What Bruté tells him of Father, Antoine Duclaux, astonishes him because he blows hot and cold out of the same mouth. Flaget has submitted in advance to what he decides about his seminary. He followed his conscience in holding on to Father Jean David and Guy Ignatius Chabrat on the belief that Father Emery did not give them merely to begin the work but to bring it to perfection. David has been suffering from rheumatism and has been unable to work. Father Felix D'Andreis has been acting as teacher of theology. The Italians are beginning to fear that Bishop Louis William DuBourg will not come that spring, a fear that Flaget shares. If Father Charles Nerinckx arrives with some companions he is to ask Tessier and Moranville to give them hospitality. The cathedral is already 5 or 6 feet above the ground and paid for so far. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 2pp. 4to., 6 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Jun. 9 He would have answered Bruté's letter but he has been ill. His asthma has been severe. He has improved and can now sleep on his bed. He has received with gratitude the advice of Dr. Chatard. He does hope for a radical cure. He regards his condition as a favor from heaven that will ban any suggestion that he become a bishop. Father Felix D'Andreis added his theologians to his own. He has only the classes of English or French for the priests. When Father Charles Nerinckx returns he hopes that Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget will find a way to have Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat come to his aid. David is amazed at what Bruté tells him of the growth of unitarianism. the answer is first to defend with zeal the doctrine in sermons and writings proving the divinity of Christ. Bruté has done a good job answering the Presbyterians. Should be not do a better job in this matter. The second force to be used is the aid of heaven, and for this he proposes a confraternity of chosen souls. They could make the 40 hours in churches successively as in time of public calamity. They go on as before; Providence seems to favor John Rogers. They continue to build the cathedral. They have made the bricks for the front. The side walls are already up 9 feet. The masonry will be finished in October and the roof on by Christmas and finished in a year. The Presbyterians and the Baptists are excited and they talk of building meeting houses. Flaget pontificated and gave Confirmation at St. Thomas on Pentecost. He returned for Corpus Christi and they had a procession which he describes in detail. Millet was embarrassed to explain his letters to DuBourg. He apparently was so upset he did not realize what he was saying. He has made a fine tabernacle and other things which show that he is a fine artist. David is beginning to want the prompt return of Bishop Louis William DuBourg. Things commence at St. Louis and the communications with New Orleans are bad. If he delays longer there will be problems. Savine does not wish to be at St. Louis. Bruté should warn the bishop that if he does not come until the end of June or July there will not be enough water on the Ohio to come from Pittsburgh and that he should come on horseback with one or two companions and join those who are going to prepare the way for the rest. They will give him a welcome and he will find his workers ready to work in French and English. Father Joseph Rosati has returned from Vincennes where he went with Father Chabrat for six or seven weeks. 41 made their First Communion. Father Felix D'Andreis has very much shaken a Protestant with whom he spent the night and who invited him to return. There is hope that he and his family will be converted. But he insists that he came here only to return to Italy. The Bible Society has printed a report in which they say that two priests from Louisiana have prevented the distribution of Bibles. Father Stephen Theodore Badin has justified their action because these bibles are mutilated and mistranslated. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. folio CMNT II-3-n Cheverus, Jean, Bishop of Boston, Massachusetts, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Jun. 24 Cheverus has received Bruté, s letter of the 11th. Young Gallet has not added a word and since he has no rights over him he cannot decide anything. He has consulted Father Francis Matignon and Mrs. Perkins who are the correspondents of the family. They think it best to send him to Martinique. Perkins has written to William Lorman of Baltimore to obtain passage. The whole affair is left to Bruté's discretion. At midday the previous Sunday he received a letter from Father Grassi announcing the death of Archbishop Leonard Neale. He told the people, telling them also that when Aaron died on the mountain Eleazar came down to replace him. Cheverus asks Bruté to convey his respects and obedience to Eleazar. After vespers he chanted the DeProfundis and yesterday he offered Mass for the deceased. Father Matignon left yesterday for Canada with two young Irish girls who will enter the novitiate of the Ursulines at Trois Rivières under Abbé Calonne. They will return to Boston and try to form an establishment. While they were in Boston they seemed to be ladies of merit. They are sisters, Mary and Catherine Ryan from Limerick. They are recommended by Father John Thayer. Of the three Archbishops Cheverus say the first, John Carroll, expressed the beauty and dignity of the church, the second, Neale, the perfection of conduct and the third will enforce the discipline of the church. St. Sulpice has in him the perfect model. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 2pp. 4to. CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, St. Thomas, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Jul. 20 He thanks Bruté and Dr. Chatard for their good advice. He awaits the pastilles. His asthma continues but so light that it does not bother him. He has had other sicknesses which he describes. Father Felix D'Andreis took his theology class but he himself kept his class for the priests in which he corrected their sermons in English and his other work. Chabrat could not take his place without leaving the seminary. Father Charles Nerinckx came with two companions and gave him some relief. They had services for the Archbishop Neale on the 30th day. The next day they celebrated pontifically the feast of St. Vincent de Paul. He sends an extract of his letter which he has received from the superior general so that Bruté can compare it with the one he wrote to Father Pierre Babade. He quotes the letter in which David is praised for his work and for his desire to have St. Thomas Seminary aggregated to the Sulpicians. But the Father says that Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget has not been permanently settled. Also they have been considering a project of uniting all the Sulpician seminaries but the matter is still under consideration. When that is settled David's seminary will not be forgotten. This does not agree with the previous letter which said the seminary would be accepted when the Bishop's see was fixed. David asked the Superior two questions: 1. About the future of the Sulpicians there: Will they be like the Canadians also pastors? He proposes a third plan for those who would go on missions in the diocese like the Lazarists., 2. He asks if there should be a central authority. Should they be dependent on Baltimore? The Bishop would not want to be in danger of losing his subjects or of not having them replaced. The Bishop would not care to have renewed the difficulty he had with Father Jean Tessier. David lacks the leisure to examine the question of cooperation. He recalls reading an example from a Jesuit in China, and of St. Benedict. He does not see much difference between a temple of an idol and a temple of a Unitarian. Some hold that opinion. He asks Bruté to send him the life of Father Surin and the three other parts of a small breviary. The cathedral walls are up more than 15 feet. They await the arrival of Father Nerinckx and Bishop Louis William DuBourg. Nerinckx has been embarrassed by his expenses. The Bishop cannot help him. The Bishop does not have any money and Father Tessier probably does not have any money despite his sale of Bob whom they had to sell because he stole continually. Flaget has written for the $300 left him by Archbishop John Carroll but does not expect to get it. Nerinckx speaks of selling a part to free the remainder. David hopes that DuBourg will come as soon as he can to Kentucky. They have not received news of the $3000. David thinks that DuBourg's arrival at St. Louis with 4 or 5 missionaries will have a good effect., P.S. He adds the report of the Bible Society and the answer of Father Stephen Theodore Baden no enclosure. Note on the back: This letter will be delivered by Edward Hayden, a good Catholic and trustee of the cathedral who goes shopping to establish himself as a merchant in Bardstown. Tessier is to get a globe for the Sisters. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 3pp. 4to., 9 CMNT II-3-n Grassi, S.J., Father John, George Town, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Jul. 31 Grassi thanks Bruté for the news that new laborers have come for the vineyard although he would have been more pleased if some were for his Georgetown. Father Anthony Kohlman is in a very weak condition. Grassi is dreadfully embarrassed by the lack of help. He hopes for some from the old world. Father Debrosse of the little seminary of Bordeaux has sent him a fine story about the Marechal de Salon. If any of the gentlemen want to see him he will try to come and see them in Baltimore before they go to Louisiana. Father F. Vespre has promised them a visit next month and Grassi asks if Bruté can come along. Bruté will send him back the relation of Thomas Martin. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 2pp. 8vo., 2 CMNT II-3-n Cheverus, Jean, Bishop of Boston, Massachusetts, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Aug. 21 Perkins, the correspondent of Mrs. Gallet tells him that young Gallet does not want to go to Martinique but he is vacationing with one of his comrades and plans to return to college after the vacation. Perkins has received the money for this. Cheverus hopes that the boy will behave and that he will have the friendship of Bruté. Father John Byrne is with him and awaits the same ship that brought him. Cheverus is anxious to hear of the arrival of Bishop Louis William DuBourg. He awaits Father Francis Matignon the day after tomorrow. He himself will spend some days on the mission. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 2pp. 4to., 3 CMNT II-3-o Grassi, Father John S.J.: GeorgeTown, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Baltimore, Maryland 1817? Sept. 8 Grassi has scarcely time to answer Brute's letter. Here is something to offer the Blessed Virgin for the itinerant aspostles of Lousiana. He sends respect to them. P.S. excuse his haste he is sorry that he has no time to write such a friend. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 1p. 4to. 1 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, St. Thomas, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Sep. 29 David thinks that Bruté now enjoys the visit of Bishop Louis William DuBourg. Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget will start thursday, October 2, for St. Louis with Father Felix D'Andreis and Father Joseph Rosati to prepare for DuBourg. They are now building a horsemill. They thought they could make it for $600 but the costs are already over a thousand. It is nearly finished and will pay for itself in a few years. The old one may come in use if Bishop DuBourg leaves some of his clerics with them. They have 15 seminarians, counting Desrigauds and Moretti, who has become very fervent. The Bishop has two more who want to join them. They are having requiem services for Dorin about whom Duclaux has informed them and Father Ferrari, about whose death Bruté is to inform DuBourg. The brick work of the Cathedral continues. The collection of funds goes slowly but John Rogers advances money. They hope to have the Cathedral covered by Christmas, DuBourg will find many faults in it. He finds some himself. They will have two rooms below, one for a baptistry and another for a catechism room that can also be used for confessions. Oct. 3. The travelers started yesterday, after the rain stopped. David thanks Bruté for the life of Father Surin. He asks if Bruté has seen Hayden. Flaget will bring back D'Andreis and Rosati so that the Bishop can hold a synod with them and DuBourg on matters of discipline. Circumstances might not again allow the two bishops and their priests to meet together and perhaps prepare a pastoral to all the faithful of their dioceses. David believes they are on the vigil of a grand religious revolution in this country. Catholics are fervent, heretics are converted, the savage infidels seem drawn to the Gospel. He asks Bruté for books from which he can draw the subjects for the meditations of the seminarians. He mentions Challenor, Dubois, and Bishop Carroll. He wishes also the little breviary of which Bruté sent only the winter volume. They have learned by letter from New Orleans of the death of one of DuBourg's priests. Mr Maguire has passed by Louisville but did not come to see them. He asks for some things to be sent by Hayden letter damaged here. Father Tessier should send a statement of what he has for Flaget so that they can plan their demands. He asks Bruté for some other items page damaged. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 6 CMNT II-3-n Badin, Father Stephen Theodore, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brutey [Bruté], Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Oct. 1 Brutey's zeal for religion and charity prompts Badin to write him about a project on his farm he had in mind for some time. They have three nunneries in Kentucky but no orphanage for orphan boys. Daily experiences show that there are boys bound out to tradesmen and mechanics destitute of the true principles of religion who lose their faith and morals and are hindered from following the faith of their ancestors and from attending divine service on Sunday and holydays and the like. To prevent these evils is the business of the Catholic clergy, especially since Protestants are doing this for Catholic youth. Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget encourages him in the project. Badin admits his weakness yet says God uses the weak to do great things. He will ask his friends to help. The youngsters will not only receive a Christian education but also trades and, if the disposition appears, training for the priesthood. He needs a sufficient number of mechanics, a school master. These would be like lay brothers in a monastery. Brutey may have such candidates for the brotherhood among his acquaintances. They would be welcomed. Orphans of other dioceses would be admitted. He sends his compliments to Bishop Louis William DuBourg who brought letters for him from France. He sends his regards to Tessier and the other gentlemen. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 3pp. folio, 3 CMNT II-3-n DuBourg, Louis William, Bishop of Louisiana, Baltimore, Maryland, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Nov. 1 He is scribbling on paper for Bruté. He does not have time to speak to Bruté this morning and is setting out. He wishes the things could be decided today. The premature departure of Crugy and Portier and other unexpected expenses upset his calculations. DuBourg asks if Bruté can help him from the funds destined for Portier and Des. Tomorrow he must give money to de Crugy. Note in Bruté's handwriting: In answer granted $200. Explain tomorrow that if the money is for New Orleans where there is wealth he wants the $200 returned to him. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 2pp. 4to., 1 CMNT II-3-n DuBourg, Louis William, Bishop of Louisiana, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Nov. 13 What a road; what precipices! DuBourg does not remember enduring such fatigue. After walking half the second day to avoid breaking their limbs on the third day they could not keep the stage from overturning three times. They have at last gone all on foot, following their stage on which their baggage was loaded. After the brambles, and the slippery rocks of the way they were in bad shape when they arrived at Pittsburg. At the inn they left Neil and Martin with Augustin and the baggage and got a conveyance to Pittsburg. Yesterday Augustin was still forty miles away with the baggage. He fears he will not find a wagon. Their vanguard had better success; they have had no breaks, not even a bruise, despite the 130 miles walk. DuBourg would never advise anyone to travel that road by stage until the turnpike is built several years from now. The most disagreeable part of the stage is that one has to leave at 3 A.M. and travel until after midnight. They find at Pittsburgh ample compensation in the care of O'Brien, Ross and Beelen. William Valentine is their steward. Several celebrate Mass in the house, others in the church which is at some distance. Next Sunday he will give Confirmation if Augustin arrives with the luggage. They count on taking the Ohio and he will write from Bardstown. He asks Bruté to convey this information to the faculty and Mr. Pochon. He recalls the commission he gave to Father Joubert. They are missing a basket and a trunk which they think they left at the seminary. If Joubert finds them he can forward them by way of New Orleans to his brother P.F. DuBourg in New Orleans. These things might be at the home of Mr. Pochon. The flat trunk and the things he asks of Father Joubert are to be entrusted to Captain McMeal. These letters are to precede the arrival of Captain McMeal and that of Ducrugy and Portier. Young Moranville has not arrived and Joubert is to look into his trunk and send the articles mentioned. Father Jean Tessier is to give DeCrugy [Ducrugy] masses to be said. The other priests need none and he does not want a great number himself. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 4pp. 4to., 1 CMNT II-3-n Badin, Father Stephen Theodore, Near Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brutey, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Nov. 26 On his return from Lexington on the 22nd he found Brutey's letter of October 25. He had no doubt of receiving Brutey's approbation since he had that of Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget. He wrote to Brutey because of his connections with Baltimore and Emmitsburgh where some subjects might be found among those who are dissatisfied after starting for the ecclesiastical state. He did not intend to put Brutey to the trouble of finding subjects since they have many in Kentucky. He would exclude those orphans whose parents were not of the faith. He would prefer in this country those who have no other dependence. His purpose is not to make scholars of them but good men and useful members of society. Some will be worthy and be even called to the ecclesiastical state. He is less in need of teachers than tradesmen. He already has two teachers. He desires lay brothers disgusted with the world. They have nunneries for the other sex and need a monastery for men. The brothers are to act as masters in the trades they followed in the world. They are to watch over the children. Some can be found in large cities and even in the wilderness. Brutey notices the societies raised up by Protestants of the eastern states. They have them too in the backwoods, poor schools, Sunday Schools, etc., which circulate religious tracts and engage in various activities. God has sent them many supplies but the pamphlet of Charles Wharton is found in stationery shops. Badin has read Brutey's letter thrice and Wharton's answer. Knowing the heretical etc. views of Wharton he is not surprised that Wharton charged Brutey with having the spirit of an inquisitor. Still Badin regrets that Wharton published Brutey's letter. Wharton shows his heretical spirit. How congenial is his essay on the death of his wife. Badin hopes that Wharton will receive an answer. Bishop Louis William DuBourg has not yet arrived. Badin understands that the bulls have arrived for the consecration of the Archbishop Ambrose Maréchal and he sends good wishes, as also to Tessier and the other gentlemen., P.S. Bishop Flaget has written on the subject of this letter to Father Moranvilliers but has no answer. He asks Brutey to convey this message to Father Fenwick and the others. He forgot that after the institution had taken a good footing, another place will be opened to boys who are not orphans for preparation for their first Communion. He will probably also establish a free school to be managed like those of the Brothers of Christian Doctrine in France. It will have no connection with the other and will be separated from it at least a mile. :: II-3-n A.L.S. 4pp. folio, 3 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Dec. David takes the liberty of sending to Bruté some dispatches for Europe which are very numerous because there are so many Europeans there. He sends them with one of their merchants, Mr. Shadburn, who is not a Catholic but married to one. He knows nothing new except that he has been ill and kept to his room for three or four days. There is no news from the Bishops who have taken the steamboat from Louisville to St. Louis. They do not know if the ice has hindered them or how the Bishop and Father Stephen Theodore Badin will return. Everything goes as usual. The new students learn English. Their expenses are very great. The cathedral is not yet covered because of the illness of the man who was to take care of the rafters. Among the letters he has sent Bruté is one to Cardinal Litta concerning his nomination to the coadjutorship written at the suggestion of the two Bishops Benedict Joseph Flaget of Bardstown and Louis William DuBourg of Louisiana. He wants to refuse the bulls of appointment but Flaget says this is the work of Providence and that David cannot refuse them. He exposes the situation to the Cardinal in all candor and confidence. His great sorrow is his loss of liberty that when he would be replaced he could retire and prepare for death, whereas a bishop is a slave. He expresses his feelings under such circumstances and begs Bruté's prayers. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 2pp. 4to. and folio, 5 CMNT II-3-n David, Father Jean, Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Bruté, Baltimore, Maryland 1817 Dec. 12 David writes of a spectacle seen only in Europe or Rome. Bishop Louis William DuBourg has visited them for ten days with his little band. They planned an episcopal reception but the Bishop came on with Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat to St. Thomas. The first to come was the Bishop himself who took his meal at the seminary. Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget rendered honors due a bishop and erected for him a throne opposite to his own. DuBourg assisted at the Sunday Mass and gave a sermon on the gospel of the First Sunday of Advent. The first vespers of the Immaculate Conception he celebrated pontifically, and gave the benediction. David gives the details of the ceremonies. DuBourg said it reminded him of a papal Mass without the Pope and the Cardinals. He found their church and seminary attractive, something he did not expect to find in the midst of the forests. He found few things to criticize in the cathedral which they hope to have covered by the new year. They have not held a synod as they had proposed. DuBourg will return when they have finished the cathedral. It appears that then there will be three bishops because Bruté may know that they are going to make David coadjutor of Bardstown. He would like to avoid this but Flaget insists. He will write to the Cardinal explaining why he wants to escape the appointment to Philadelphia or Baltimore. When they have that consecration DuBourg says they will have a synod or as DuBourg says a council. the two prelates left yesterday for St. Louis. They will stay a few days in Louisiana. The people of St. Louis have raised over $1,000 which DuBourg has given to David to support his group. They are all there with the exception of Aquaroni, Caretti and Ferrari with two youths, and those working with Father Stephen Theodore Badin. The number of guests is now 24 which with their own 17 makes 41 of which 27 are ecclesiastics to whom 3 will be added when they receive tonsure--the cradle of the church for Kentucky, Tennessee, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri Territory, Mississippi, and lower Louisiana, the little grain of mustard seed. The faithful of St. Louis under Father Henry Pratte, the curé of St. Genevieve, appointed provisionally by Flaget for that purpose, Father Felix d'Andreis being in charge there, has made arrangements to repair the presbytery for DuBourg and two assistants. DuBourg plans to bring his group there in the spring. They will have need of the English he teaches them because Americans are settling around St. Louis and on the banks of the Missouri. He asks whether he dare say a word about Bruté's letter to Wharton. All there admire Bruté's zeal but think he speaks too strongly. His invectives will arouse only heat and hate. The conversion of Wharton would be a miracle. It is best not to act on first feelings but to wait and seek the advice of wise persons., P.S. His nomination is a secret there; Flaget has informed Archbishop Ambrose Maréchal. If Bruté writes he is to avoid any title that would betray the fact. :: II-3-n A.L.S. French 3pp. folio, 4 CMNT II-3-o Flaget, Benedict Joseph Bishop of: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute 1818? According to his heart he would write Brute often but he is guided by his head which Brute knows begins many things which it cannot finish. In his diocese he is in a labyrinth of temporal affairs. Father Scheifers, Peter Schaeffer speaking of the blessings that have come to the bishop both on Catholics and Protestants that the people in his congregations are so well disposed that they speak of building a chapel of brick and of building a monastery for 5 or 6 religious and in a third place of buying a plot for a residence for two priests. Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat came the day before. He has such a large area to cover that he cannot cover the half of it, yet Father Jean Tessier insists that he go to Baltimore. This has worried Chabrat and ha has fallen into a serious melancholy that hinders his work. Yet Flaget is sure that Chabrat's work is useful. Catholics and Protestants admire him and his work for the church in Louisville when the other sects would not dare to build. If Flaget had some one to take his place he would put him in his the seminary where he is needed. Flaget's household constitutions a little world. In one corner 3 or 4 workers cut stones for a horse mill which he needs 3 or 4 masons, 9 or 10 millwrights, 2 or 3 carpenters who prepare the roof of the mill and the floors of his new seminary, 4 or 5 plasters and all his young seminarians some of whom seek sand and other carry it to the roadway they have made themselves, some mix the morter and others carry ot and the domesics work all day and part of the night to prepare food for them. This can go on only six weeks or two months or the episcopal treasure will be exhaused. So far he has been able to escape debts and yet has the resources for 20 or 24 seminarians. His cathedral which he visited yesterday is now 22 feet high and the bricks for finishing it are made in two weeks for fifteen days all the mason work will be finished, the pillars and the materials for covering them are in place or ready and Mr. Rogers assures him that it will covered in the month of November. At the present time all the workers are paid but by Christmas they will have need of $3,000. God provides but Flaget would like Brute to supply some funds also. He has also asked Archbishop Ambrose Marechal for aid but he fears that the Archbishop has forgotten him, especially since he is planning his own basilica. He forgot to tell Brute of certain things brought by Father Charles Nerinckx. A knight of Nizen Province names Magallaon has sent him two boxes and two trunks which the costoms officier of New Orleans allowed to pass fot the poor bishop of Kentucky. They are full of books and church articles. He asks that Brute join him in thanking Providence. P.S. The letter enclosed no longer there is an appeal to Propaganda for what he needs for his diocese. Father Felix D'Andreis has encouraged him to make it and has translated it. Flaget asks for some information about Brute's college and seminary. Father Nerinckx has arrived bur Flaget has not yet seen him. He asks to be informed when the Bishop Louis William Dubourg arrives. P.S. He sends his regards to Elder. His studies he leaves to his superiors so long as he is fortified in rhetoric and logic because he destines him to teaching. It is time to ordain him subdeacon. Of he is instructed in French that will be useful. He sends the same good wishes to Chance. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 4pp. 4to. 5 CMNT II-3-o David, Father Jean: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Baltimore, Maryland 1818 Jan. 9 David is annoyed at the remarks some make about the frequency of their letters. Some one is attempting to cut short the consolations these letters give. He regrets that Brute did not receive his letter before writing. Brute should supress the title "Rt. Rev." He sent a package addressed to Brute to be sent on to Europe. Every one there knows of Brute's generosity in this. He received with pleasure Brute's observations about the episcopal purple. He disagrees with Brute on what is of precept and what is of privilege in the matters of ornaments. He would follow the directions of the missal and the ceremonial. He thinks they are too much infleunced by Protestant criticisms, almost as bad as the Archbishop who administered baptism, communion and even the massin the vernacular. David does not believe that one gains by these condescensions. In Kentucky the heretics are not such delicate Calvinists; they love the ceremonies of the church. Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget conducts his services in the small shalep and small altar as if he was in a church and at a grand altar and the people are edified. He has no news from the Bishops and David begins to be a bit disturbed. Since he gave Marchand his answers he has many reasons for changing his mind. He takes the liberty to propose to Archbishop Ambrose Marechal, that he ask of Brute to give him the letter to Cardinal Litta. He will go to the village after noon and if Marchand has not gone he will take back his letter. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 3pp. CMNT II-3-o Flaget, Benedict Joseph Bishop of: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Baltimore, Maryland 1818 Mar. 7 It has been ages since Flaget has spoken with Brute and he is sorry not to have answered Brute's letters. He has not even sent greetings for the new year. Many things have happened in the time since he last wrote, interesting things and trying things. Brute would have been very happy to see the way Bishop William Dubourg's flock welcomed him, the people of St. Louis above all others. Two carriages were sent along the banks of the Mississippi one to carry two bishops and the other for the priests who accompanied them. Father Henry Pralle and Father O'Connor, formerly professor at Georgegtown accompanied them and a large crowd followed in the rear. When they arrived at the presbytery they blessed the crowd. They then went to the Church for the usual ceremonies. Flaget led Dubourg to the throne, and then Dubourg spoke to his flock. The next day, Epiphany to Bishop Dubourg officiated. Four days later Flaget left but was held for eight days at St. Genevieve, that was six weeks ago. Three weeks he spent administering to the spiritual needs of his family and preparing for the recption of two priests that DuBourg is sending him. To his sorrow Father Shafer announced that he is returning to Europe. The Seminarians of DuBourg like Kentucky. They are good subjects. Towards the middle of April Flaget intends to go to Detroit and perhaps Montreal. He will be away seven or eight months. He does not know yet whether he will have a priest for a companion. P.S. The Cathedral goes on, they are working on the interior. The payments do not come so fast. He asks if Brute could say a hundred masses for his intentions and asks others to do the same. He asks that Brute pass on the letter to Father P. Babade since he does not have time to write to him also. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 4pp. 4to. 3 CMNT II-3-o Grassi, Father John S.J.: Rome, Italy, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Maryland? 1818 Mar. 30 Let it never be said that he lets Mr. Barber leave Rome without sending a few lines to such a good friend as Brute. Barber and Cooper can tell Brute the news of Rome. Grassi was pleased to see how their young men offered themselves for the American missions. But they need to know more of the American colleges, since there must be enough missioners. Among their own there are only the very old and infirm and the very young who have scarcely made their novitiate he would have gone with Barber and Cooper but he is detained by some important business in England but he will either hasten or postpone his trip to America according to the ord he received from the Superior General. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 1p. 4to. 1 CMNT II-3-o Cheverus, Jean Bishop of: Boston, Massachusetts, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: of Baltimore, Maryland 1818 April 9 Cheverus received Brute's letter of March 23 and sends his answer. He thinks that since Providence brought Brute here he should remain with the assurance that his piety, zeal and science will be very useful to the church in America. That is what he would tell Brute's superior, about whose brother he sends his sympathy. Should they decide otherwise, he hopes that Brute will embark from Boston. William Seton is well but seldom gets a chance to come on land. He has heard from Archbishop Ambrose Marechal on April ? 30. He is visiting but Brute can consult him as he should by now have returned to Baltimore. He cannot but desire Brute's staying among them. God can take care of Tonkin. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 2pp. 4to. 3 CMNT II-3-o Chabrat, Father Guy Ignatius: Louisville, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Baltimore, Maryland 1818 May 13 Father Jean David having informed him that two of the Sulpicians were about to leave Baltimore for Paris he takes the liberty of sending to Brute two letters which he hopes that Brute will ask the gentlemen to deliver for him. They are letters to his parents who have not heard from him for a long time. The latest news is that Bishop William DuBourg's cathedral is up about 7 or 8 feet and the other buildings are rising accordingly. God will reward him for his efforts. Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget should leave tomorrow for Detroit. His cathedral continues to rise. In three weeks Chabrat will go to Pose Vincennes with two priests who will take charge of the congregation, one less burden for Chabrat. He hopes soon to start building the seminary at Bardstown and asks Brute's prayers for success. He asks to be remembered to his other friends with whom he has not corresponded because he does not see how he can do so. He received so many letters that he decided not to answer but to leave it all to Providence. If they want to consider him a Sulpician he will do what is necessary not to dishonor the company. But he will continue as he has and does not regard Fathers Michael Levadoux, Bressard and Montagner was Sulipicians. He has received a letter from M. Emere ? in which he says that Charbrat should be considered as a Sulpician. Also he says the suffrages for the deceased members. He begs Brute to pray for him as a poor exposed missionary. P.S. For 4 to 5 years he has tried to get the Lives of the Saints by Godescar and also those of Butler printed in London but it has been impossible to find them. Father Jean Tessier will pay and collect from the Bishops. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 2pp. 4 CMNT II-3-o DuBourg, William Bishop of Louisiana: St. Louis, Missouri, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1818 July 4 He received a few days ago Brute's letter respecting the widow Ridgely and her sister. He sincerely partakes of his anxiety about them and has done all he can to alleviate their distress. They have been on the verge of returning to Craiger's Town but have been dissuased by friends this delay will give Mr. Hane to write his intentions. If he decided to go to this western quarter where he will wait for his answer. DuBourg has heard some strange things about their dear foster child of the mountains which have been distressing to Brute's friend Mr. D. DuBourg partakes in Brute's feelings. He hopes that Divine mercy will direct everything for the best. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 1p. 4to. 2 CMNT II-3-o Cheverus, Jean Bishop of Boston: Georgetown, District of Columbia, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Baltimore, Maryland 1818 Nov. 2 Fenwick will send Brute the third volume of the work sent by Father John Grassi. There are 2 third volumes and no second. Cheverus has received one letter addressed to him at Baltimore and he awaits another. If it comes Brute is to hold it as he will be there Monday. He will then tell him the results of his trip. He sends his respects to the Superior Father Ambrose Marechal and all the others. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 8vo.2 CMNT II-3-o David, Father Jean: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Peter Babad: Baltimore, Maryland 1818 Dec. 1 He commenced a letter to Babad the other day but he was so badly occupied that several days before he could answer. Yesterday evening he received some letters from Bishop Bendict Joseph Flaget and without noting he completed that answer on the letter he had begun to Babad. He discovered this at the end but sent the letter just as it was. The news the bishop gave of his health worries David. He did not hear from him for six weeks and then he wrote that he had a fever at the treaty camp and that he had been sick 8 days and Mr. Bertrand three weeks. On his return to Detroit he had it a second time for 4 days and had not left him. Oct. 23 when he wrote. The letter he received yesterday was dated Nov. 6 and he felt well enough to undertake a mission of 5 days at the beginning of which the fever returned. He assures David that it is not serious but as such a distance David is very uneasy, since he would succeed in case the Bishop dies. With the letter he received from Babad was a letter of Archbishop Ambrose Marechal enclosing one from the Cardinal Litta. The Cardinal has communicated David's objections and the Pope has said that they would pray that Flaget outlive David. He added that the work of training priests is properly the work of Bishops. Their seminary now numbers 20 counting Miretti who does not study. At Christmas they will receive a man who has been there twice before but who is so fervent that he will give him a third chance. They are embarassed about the cathedral. They have stopped work on it for want of money. They owe 5 or 6 thousand of which one thousand is urgent. They need the presence of the bishop but he is thinking of visiting some of the scattered missions of Michigan and along the Mississippi. If he does that he will have to remain there until April because the ice will not permit him to travel before that and they would not see him before August or September. David thinks that Flaget should send in the Bishop's place Father Janvier or Father Gabriel Richard. Otherwise they should establish a Bishop at Detroit, choosing the bishop from one of the orders. David hopes the Bishop will be consecrated in January the month best for travel over the frozen snow. As to the two girls recommended for the Sisters of Nazareth, the Mother to whom he sent Babad's letter has no doubt about the first since he has the consent of her parents but the second seems to be dependent on the consent of her father and if he persists she cannot be received. The school at Nazareth which was so full at times that it refused students is reduced now to 2 or 3 boarders. The mother has not lost courage and hopes for new applications after Christmas. She has plenty of poor girls who are willing to work for part of their teaching, they have taken 5 or 6 of that description, but their work does not cover their expense. The Sisters number 20 and they have 2 or 3 postulants whom the Mother would like to refuse because of their poverty. David expects in the spring Miss Souzac whose passage the Bishop has agreed to pay. They cannot double that expense so that if Babad proposes to send Josephine and her Father refuses to pay her passage it will be necessary to get some friends to pay. The Sisters are building school and are in debt. If Miss Souzac does not come as she has failed twice already he will take care of Josephine. He has asked Father Jean Tessier to tell Miss Souzac that since she consented to live with Madame Bawnais that he hopes that the latter will agree to give the sisters the globes and maps which they will find very useful. Tessier did not answer and has probably forgotten. David asks that Babad remind Tessier or speak to Madame Bawnais among the papers of Father Simon Gabriel Brute :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 4pp. 4to. 6 CMNT II-3-o Grassi, Father John S.J.: Genoa, Italy, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1819 July 20 Brute no doubt expected to hear of Grassi's landing in some part of the U.S. Grassi expected to see him in Maryland again but Providence disposed otherwise. He left Rome May last to sail for America since he has been invited to visit Stonyhurst but because of an accident which happened to him in Rome he suffers from sea sickness and it is quite dangerous to make a sea voyage. He has had to submit. His disappointment is lessened by the fact that he can yet be of assistance to the American missions by his service in Rome. Brute can write freely to him and he will do all he can. He had been much displeased with what he say in Rome and glad to be in country where religion was not protested by law. Such a worldly spirit moves those around the Pope who is himself spiritual that spitiura is made subservient to the temporal. He sends his best regards to Father Jean Dubois, Mrs. Seaton and all who have not forgotten him. P.S. he asks Brute to tell Mr. Cooper that he has not written him because he has been so busy. The last time he saw the Pope he asked and obtained a blessing for Brute's Emittsburgh establishment. In Brute's handwriting Brute received the letter only on April 18, 1820, Grassi may be dead before the letter arrived and Brute may be dead before his letter reaches the other shore.:: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 2pp. 4to. 1 CMNT II-3-o Brooke, Roger: Hermitage Maryland, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Mt. St. Mary, Emmitsburg, Maryland, `When he saw Brute, Brute promised to go with him to see his son. The son continues very unwell and the doctor has forbide him to leave his room. He has a slay and horses and a good driver and will go with Brute of he will agree. He is to tell the boy as Brooke himself is unwell at present. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - - 1p. 8vo. 1 1820 Jan. 11 CMNT II-3-o Brute, Father Simon Gabriel: At. Mr. Brook's, to Father M. Zocchi: Taneytown, Maryland 1820 Mar. 2 When Mr. Roger Brooke spoke to Zocchi's coming to say Mass for his poor son he expressed his personal satisfaction, raised not possible objection and said that though it was not the custom of Father Jean Dubois, he would explain it to him when I returned home. He did and thought he would hear that Zocchi had come which would have been a consolation. Last Friday Brooke told Brute that Zocchi on his visit said that he had received a letter that would prevent his saying the mass. Brute thought that Dubois has written, but Dubois said he had not written but would have agreed with Brute on the matter. They would be pleased not only that Father Zocchi would bring the Blessed Sacrament to the boy but that he would say the Mass for him and that they would not consider this an exception to their rule. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 2pp. 8vo. 3 CMNT II-3-o Cheverus, Jean Bishop of: Boston, Massachusetts, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1820 April 14 Apologizing for the delay in answering Brute's letter of January 9 which include a letter to Brute's brother and an offering under seal, Cheverus says he will go for the Ursulines in June. He is also later with a letter to Mother Elizabeth Seton but he did send on the letter to William Seton. The news from Havana is that all is well on the Macedoian. He will write to her and to Mrs. Clarke, whose letter could not have displeased him since he did not get it. He is ashamed to write to the reverend Mother and superior for bringing the matter to a successful issue. Monsignor Burke had told him of the young person and now writes that she is married. He has sent the letter on to Brute's brother with a procuration of Madame Duplessis. The question is an inheritance of which she has great need. He has two priest with him and two others on missions. They had more than 700 Communions. The first Communions will take place May 5. An Irishman has committed a murder worse than anything Cheverus has heard of in his 24 years. He is to be hung and has been attend by Father Philip Lariscy along with the 3 other pirates doomed to the same fate. Last year four other pirates were hung. 2 were Catholics and the other two became converts. The 3 in jail said they wanted no other minister that Father Lariscy, a brave Irish Augustinian. His new confreres are Father Paul McQuade and Father Patrick Byrne whom he ordained Saturday before Passion Sunday. He lived with Cheverus for the past two years. Cheverus thinks they should give one priest more to Emmitsburg. He himself has all he can employ but none can replace the one he has lost. P.S. He sends respects to those he knows. He will send some brochures at the first opportunity. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 3pp.6 CMNT II-3-o David, Jean Bishop of Mauricastrum: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1821 Jan. 26 David believes from what Brute wrote that the death of Mother Elizabeth Seton was one beautiful in the eyes of God. It is the kind of death he desires. He is grateful to Brute for writing a description of her death. He will read it to his Sisters of Nazareth the first time he addressed them. Two have gone since their establishment, also prepared for death by long suffering from consumption. He has estblished four houses which he describes. He does not think that is too many. They have two novices and ten that have made their vows at Nazareth. He had 12 seminarians besides the 3 priests, Father George Elder, O'Brien and David A. Deparq. Mr. Derigaud governs the little seminary which had 13 or 14 subjects. Mr. Hysten is with him. He has 3 theologians counting Deparq who has not yet finished his course. They have also 3 philosophers, among whom is Mr. Reilly whom Brute recommended. The others are in various stages of the humanities. He has had them brought there to establish a college and to aid in the teaching in the college they wish to establish. They have 30 or 40 scholars. Elder is the president and one of the students is his second. The cathedral is not finished but it is in good shape. They have a choir of men and women. They sing the high Mass and vespers. Father Charles Nerinckx has obtained an organ. Father Guy Ignatius has no comment. The Bishop of Quebec has written that religion is declining in France. That is all the news they hear there from that quarter. They have plenty to do. They need a professor of theology and of scripture. One should hasten to prepare a successor. He does not know what would happen to the seminary of he died. He is sixty years old and suffers from asthma. He asks for prayers, also for those of the Sisters, especially Angelique; also Biddy Jordan and her mother; Mr. Grover and his wife. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 2pp.4to. CMNT II-3-o David, Jean Bishop of Mauricastrum: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1821 April 9 David has received Brute's letters of March 3 and 20. He and Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget enjoy these letters. He has nothing to say except that he has become involved in a controversy in connection with the cathedral which has excited the Presbyterian and Baptist ministers, especially the Presbyterian who has great talent for attacking the church. He announced a sermon on the Eucharist at the courthouse where he said he was going to lash Catholics. David sent Mr. George Elder and Ignatius Reynolds, good thelogians to the meeting. Elder announced at the meeting that the sermon would be discussed at the cathedral. David announced that he would answer the following Sunday. He preached twice on the subject of the Eucharist. Flaget answered the charges in his sermons while he traveled 4 weeks ago he announced that he would preach on the first commandment on the following Sunday. Because the preacher Mr. Hall had defied the Bishops to answer him and because the men of the town wanted him to do so he, at the suggestion of Flaget also appeared at the courthouse and defended Catholic doctrines that had been attacked. David spoke for two hours and then met the objections of Hall. Hall began to talk, making wild accusations and would not let him reply. The discussion lasted five hours. Each side claimed victory. Except for a few presbyterians the people were shocked by the anger of the presbyterians and pleased with David's patience. He has written on the controversy as best he can and hopes that the public will read his pamphlet. David has written to St. Sulpice by Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat and to Father Duclaux about the establishment of St. Sulpice in Kentucky. He is 60 years old. He has received no answer. Duclaux has suggested before that they establish there society like St. Sulpice. David thinks of separating the stationary from the missionary Sulpicians but Duclaux has convinced to the contrary. Derigaud is one of theirs. He likes the priest Coomes but Flaget has sent him on a mission and he likes that. The subdeacon Coomes seems one of them but he is ill. Elder is not a friend of St. Sulpice. They differ on the Irish, especially Bryne and Comiskey. Reynolds is precious he has not said anything about joining them for some time, Derogaud says that Elder is the cause. Flaget hopes to ordain 4 deacons, 2 subdeacons, 3 minor orders and 2 tonsures. He has 11 seminarians at St. Joseph 14 or 15 at St. Thomas. Mr. Korten and Mr. Deparq, subjects of Bishop William Dubourg, are experienced priests. There is an Irishman to be ordained this year for the missions. He speaks the languages of his country, some of whom do not speak English. Another from Ireland is in second year theology. Two Kentuckians are in metaphysics, others are in humanities. The college expans. They have 40 externs besides the boarders. He send his regards to Rose and his condolences on the new burden that has fallen on her shoulders. He sends regards also to Mrs. McMeal to the mother and all her family. They share her sorrows. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 4pp. 4to. 3 CMNT II-3-o Flaget, Benedict Joseph Bishop of: Bardstown, Kentucky St. Magdalene, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1821 May 3 He greets him on the feast as he is at St. Magdalene's on his way to Tennessee apart of his diocese he has not yet visited. His companion is Father Robert Abell who worried him a year ago by his illness. He is now at his house along side a convent of 3 Sisters of Charity who have a flourishing school. Abell is well and very devoted. He sees by Brute's letter that there are troubles also at the Mount. Also in Kentucky and elsewhere. What Brute has told about Father Jean Dubois's plans is so great and above the understanding of Flaget. He is sorry that St. Sulpice does not adopt a similiar establishment but he will not blame them for not doing it. He has sought for several years to have his seminary aggregated to that of Paris but his hope is nearly gone, and he thinks he will in time bless God for that. Maybe God intends to found a new society in the United States. If Flaget were the Archbishop he would do all in his power to aid Dubois. It seems Flaget suggests that Dubois leave his two establishments to the Archbishop Ambrose Marechal with full power to dispose of them as he needs. He thinks the Archbishop would be pleased to have this resource. Would that Dubois transfer himself to Kentucky or Tennessee where all would go well. The obstackes that one finds in doing good is a divide mystery. Brute astonishes him in saying that the Bishop of Philadelphia Henry Conwell has published one of his letter among his sundry documents. It is true that Flaget come plained to Conwell that he had recommended Father William Hogan to him but that was not a letter to be published. He also wrote a letter to Hogan blaming him for publishing such a bad pamphlet. He is pleased that he avoided this bad priest, Flaget is happy that he did not get this bad priest. He asks Brute to send him the sundry documents that concerns him. Father M. Derigaud surpasses his hopes, Father George Elder is a good president. He needs a mathematics teacher. 40 externs attend the academy, about 30 subjects in the two seminaries. Father William Byrne is changing a distillery into a country school. It will acommodate 50 pupils. Flaget has given him a young priest to succeed him. The Pope has sent a letter asking the bishops to set up that kind of establishments. Flaget has been trying to do that for 8 or 9 years. Byrne is eager to do this work. After his mission he will give Brute the details. P.S. Benedictions to dear Hickey. When he knows the name of the boat? he will inform Dubois to whom he sends regards since he must delay writing to him. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 4pp. 4to. 9 CMNT II-3-o David, Jean Bishop of Mauricastrum: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1821 June 4 David thanks Brute for his letters. He used Brute's ideas on the Eucharist for one of his sermons. He has used also his ideas on Unitarianism, on infallibility and the primacy of the Holy See. He continues on September 4, calling attention to the date and saying that he has been busy preparing a pamphlet in his spare time. It is now in the hands of the printer in Louisville. The Catholics of that place bear half of the expense and will take half of the copies which number 1000 and count 90 pages and sells for a quarter of a dollar. What Brute wrote him helped in that piece on the cult of images; and the invocation of saints. He mentions other ideas of Brute that he has used. David has shared Brute's latest letter with Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat, who will answer him. He is going with Father Robert Abell in Tennessee and from there into Alabama where there are a great number of Catholics. Among others a thousand French who desire to see to French priest. The attacks of their bigot minister have produced only conversions to Catholicism expect at the first before they answered the attack. Since they have answered him at St. Rose, Bardstown, lebanon and St. Mary a Presbyterian Dr. Brown Converted on his death bed. Hall waited on him but he refused to see him and asked for the bishop or one of his priests. They sent for Father William Byrne and to the Dominicans. Byrne took care of him 4 or 5 conversions have taken place. Some one has told David that Father Jean Dubois has suppressed the name Mother for the superior General of St. Joseph. David cannot conceive of a reason for that. Other congregations use it and even the word reverned. David thinks that Mother Agnes could do without the title reverend. He understands that Dubois has changed the rules. David will not make the change in name. His sisters number 11 novices and he is expecting three or four more. Their boarding school has taken in some girls who work half time for their education. They sew weave and dye. The two french women are quite satisfied. Chabrat got them a great bell for the clock that Father Charles Nerincks got them three years ago. Sister Rose should be weary awaiting his letter David is going to make a retreat, the first of his episcopate. He is going to Loretta where he will offer his seminary and his sisters to the Blessed Virgin. Flaget awaits him. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 4pp. 4to. 5 CMNT II-3-o Brute, Father Simon Gabriel: Emmitsburg, Maryland, to _____ 1821 June 20 Brute has just learned from Mr. Bradley of the person addresed that he is a Catholic who has been for a short time out of the church. Brute has decided to consider himself the man's pastor and states that he cannot believe that a man of his character cannot perservere in his error. He owes to his love for his excellent wife and his children to try to mend his affairs. He knows that he does not have any right to separate himself or others from the faith. Others led by the sin of the first parents have their own obligation to see why they have been misled. More obliged to do this is one who has gone astray by his own decision. Even though his wife has changed to another sect he should show her by his example the right way. P.S. anytime he calls for him as his pastor it would be grace and satisfaction. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 4pp. 12mo. 2 CMNT II-3-o DuBourg, Louis William Bishop of Louisiana: St. Louis Missouri, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Mayland 1821 July 22 He merits Brute's reporaches. He intended to pay back the $200 that Brute had given him on his departure from Baltimore. He admire the delicacy of Brute's letter since he was himself in doubt whether it was a loan or gift. He will extinguish this obligation of justice, altough he will not see the means of getting out of his embarrassments for a year or two. Brute did right in retaining the $25 from Mrs. Hase. He is pleased at the resurrection of Mr. Chabot of whose death they had been erroneously informed. The Italian has been ordained. He is on his way to Rome and DuBourg awaits his return in the spring of 1822. He set out from New York in May. DuBourg is pleased at the good news from the Mountain and the valley and will rejoice when he can bring the sisiter of St. Joseph to his diocese. Madame Charles Smith is building a house for the sisters to teach there. He asks Brute if he can obtain 4 or 5 good subjects to become teachers of children. One a least must speak French. The widow would retire among them. Already the Sisters of St. Joseph help. Father Matthew Bernard Anduze has arrived. He is much attached to Brute and has many virtues. Awaiting the second volume of the Indifference, L'ammenais has given a fine account of the church in the last century. He does not understand how the property can be left at the Mountain to Father Jean Dubois without the superiority. The responsibilty should stay with the cheif person. He sends his regards to the eagles of the Mountain and the lambs of the valley. P.S. Felix D'Andreis sends his regards. He adds a word about his demand for the sisters. He wants Sister Marguerite for superior. He needs a person of good sense accompanied by at least 2 of the same caliber and 2 of lesser ability. Far from wanting the establishment of Opelousas to be attached to that of Emmitsburg he wants it to stand alone. He sends his regards to Mother Elizabeth Seton. When he gets the answer he will continue to raise funds. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 3pp. 4to. 4 CMNT II-3-o Chabrat, Father Guy Ignatius: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1821 Sept. 4 Chabrat is at a loss to explain his conduct towards Brute. When he was in Baltimore he could have visited Brute and Father John Dubois but he seemed to have to stay in Baltimore to receive little things expected by the packet from New York. Little because they were only a bell, an organ and two chalices. The rest were bookstand some half worn vestments or pictures. His trunk not having arrived in time from Lyon, they are now at New Orleans. If there is anything in them that would please Brute he will send them. He wishes he could make amends and has suffered in his mind since arriving at Bardstown, but he now feels better. He saw very few of Brute's friends in France and he doesnot remember what they did for the mission except the holy Mr. Carron. The Archbishop of Bordeaux whom he left well was very devoted to him. France is in a dangerous situation. Chabrat goes to Tennessee with Father Robert Abell. The gospel has never been preached in that state except in Nashville. They say the people are well disposed. He will write to Brute in the course of the mission. On his return his station will be in Union County four miles from Morganfield at a place called St. Vincent de Paul where there is a convent of the Sisters of Charity and a large congregation 15 miles from the mouth of Wabash and 60 miles from Vincennes. He sends his regards to Dubois. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 2pp. 4to. 5 CMNT II-3-o Brute, Father Simon Gabriel: Emmitsburg, Maryland, to John Smith: Near Emmitsburg, Maryland 1821 September 9 Brute had the intention of seeing Smith before this as his pastor. God's mercy wants Smith's return to the church. He should not wait for death. Mr. Bradley is gone and Brute had promised him to warn Smith in true charity. Brute asks that he read over his first letter to which he gave no answer and if there is any offense let him have a chance to clear it. The word of God is not the writing on the paper but the meaning, truth and grace contained. Private interpretation creates new heresies each day. He asks him to remember his baptism, confirmation and first communion and the causes of his separation which was not the work of grace. There is a note on the back "died in his apostasy" :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 4pp. 4to. 1 CMNT II-3-o David, Jean Baptiste Bishop of Mauricastro: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1821 Dec. 28 David acknowledges Brute's letter of December 10 and wishes him a happy new year. He wishes this also to Father John Dubois, Father John Hickey and Mother Rose and all the other sisters. Brute told him that Dubois has suppressed the title Mother for that of superior. David expresses his disapproval of the change. Father Charles Nerinckx is content with the name of Mother in his institute. David would not permit this change at Nazareth. David sends Brute his pamphlet as Brute desires. It is not a grand work, since it was done in snatches between interruptions. He believes it is sufficiental sound. He has had it printed at Louisville where there is hope that the Catholics will pay half the cost and keep half the copies. They did not and he had to pay $13. He was not able to correct the proofs and arranged for another to do it but the printer would not agree and there are mistakes. He has corrected the worst of errors but some have escaped him. Father Jean Tessier says he will sell some in Baltimore but there is the problem of sending them there. It is Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget who wants to send the young man to Baltimore to become a physicist or a mathematician. David would rather have a thelogian for the diocese. David has yielded to authority. Providence has sent them a treasure from Rome in the person of Father Francis Patrick Kenrick who is Irish only in his origin. A man of piety and learning 24 years old, he will take David's class in theology and that in French taught by Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat whom Flaget will now send to Vincennes now that Dubourg has withdrawn his men from there. Father Gabriel Richard has come to visit them. He has broken his leg in a fall from his horse and was detained at Vincennes for two or three weeks. He has been at their seminary nearly a month, where he has been very useful. He taught mathematics to some seminarians who had talent. His leg is nearly healed and will soon return to Detroit. His enemies have profited by his absence and a judge has imposed on his damages of $1100. Duclaux says that if he is not wanted at Detroit he can return. But Detroit is no longer under Flaget but belongs to the diocese of Ohio whose bishop, Father Edward Fenwick has arrived yesterday evening at St. Rose he is to be consecrated by Flaget who is away for a few days. They are establishing a school for boys under Father William Byrnes. The purpose of the school will be to teach them their religion and prepare them for first communion. They have 60 students, including 30 boarders. They are also to commence a society of lay brothers for the service of the missions. The first two work in the kitchen at the seminary in place of the negress. They want to do the same thing at St. Joseph and he hopes they will not delay. They are embarrassed about the debts of the cathedral. They did not obtain much from France, just books ornaments and chalices. Father Nerinckx brought 700 masses which they cannot say easily. He and the Bishop are in good health. Both are active. David can mount a horse and ride for 20 or 30 miles without too much fatigue. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 3pp. 4to. 7 CMNT II-3-o Rosati, Father Joseph C.M.: Barrens, Missouri, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1822 Jan. 24 Rosati must ask a favor of Brute. He has been told that the superior of the Sisters at Emmitburg has translated into English the life of St. Vincent De Paul and he would like to get a copy of it. There are some among their community who understand English and they make their exercises in that language. When the Vincentians arrived in Baltimore they number only 4, three priests and one brother. Now they are 19, 10 priests, 3 clerics and 6 brothers. Many Italians have taken a great interest in their mission. Since their great loss of Father Felix D'Andreis, Rosati has been in charge. All do not live with him. 4 are in lower Louisiana among them Fathers Ferrari and Tichitoli, known to Brute. Father Aquaroni is at Portage des Sioux, 100 miles away and has already sent a recruit to their seminary. Two other priests are in parishes. Their seminary is small with 30 of them. Up to present they have had 10 priests ordained who have made here at least their theology. Their house is sufficent to give each priest a room. They finish little by little thanks to some brothers who are talented, some of whom are carpenters. They also care for farm for food. Providence has taken care of them and they hope that it will help them build a church for which they have until now only a log house. It was built before they arrived and is about a third of a mile from their seminary. The Bishop William DuBourg has given them many ornaments and other have been created in the wood. The people are pleased by the ceremonies which are carried out in splendor. Everyone attends the sacraments as often as could be desired and the Catholics among the officials of the state give good example by their attendance. They increase with the new arrivals. There have also been converts from protestantism. These they meet continually and there is a shortage of Protestant ministers in these woods, and many of them are not attached to any sect. As to the Indians, God only knows when their time will come. The Bishop is much concerned about them and help for them comes from Europe. They have a village of savages ten miles from the seminary called Shawnee but they will by treaty go 800 miles west. Rosati thinks that he would like when he retires to work among the Indians. He has not been able to say Mass for 4 months, having broken his arm in falling from a horse. P.S. If Brute finds time to reply he is at St. Mary's Seminary, Perry County, Barrens, Missouri. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 3pp. 4to. 4 CMNT II-3-o David, Jean Baptist M. Bishop of Mauricastro: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1822 Feb. 26 David apologies for not writing. He went to the Dominicans for the consecration of Bishop Edward Dominic Fenwick at which he preached. He had after that an attack of rheumatism and asthma, but is better now. He thanks Brute for his friendly criticism of his little writing, since he much interruped in writing it. He did not have a printer there and sent it to Louisville. He had arranged with a Catholic friend to correct the proofs but the printer would not permit it. David comments on topics discussed in his pamphlet in view of Brute's criticisms. He welcomes Brute's observations but wrote in haste as the matter had been promised and was expected. Hall is excited and preaches against him and the book. They tell him that Hall is going to reply. David has begun a new pamphlet on the rule of faith. He gave a sermon on this subject at the cathedral and it made a grand impression. He will take it in the manner of a discourse to men of other professions, exposing the purpose in the introduction the purpose of promoting their eternal salvation. He would use Milner and Ward as sources. He hopes that God will give him the enlightenment he needs but would submit the result of his efforts to the judgment of his Bishop. He spoke yesterday to Father Francis Patrick Kenrick about the problem of the Hebrew and Greek words and he says that the English translation is a wilful corruption. As to the news there. They have hung a bell and a clock and two beautiful pictures at the grand altar. This year they have a fine organ. They have a passable organist. Father William Byrnes is forming a school and has 60 students. They are to prepare for first communion. There will be a sufficient number on March 25 and the Bishop will probably assist. Their college has the same number of students as has St. Louis. They are beginning to take some boarders. Father Jean Tessier has received the bad news that some had taken the part of Father William Hogan, and that he had been given the church. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 3pp. 4to. 5 CMNT II-3-o Brute, Father Simon Gabriel: Emmitsburg, Maryland, to Lewis Motter: _____ 1822 April 1 Brute says he will settle the judgment which Motter has obtained against Isaac Woods. :: II-3-o - A.D.S. - English - 1p. 12mo. 2 CMNT II-3-o David, Jean B. of Mauricastro: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1822 May 6 He has received Brute's letter of April 18 but not that of Mr. Coskery who continues his observations about the Russian church. He has read the book from which Brute took the passages, Du Pape by de Maistre. He is now reading the Soirees de St. Petersburg for which he has not the same interest. He appreciates Brute's zeal in making the ideas of the book available in case David writes. He is now preparing a book on the rule of faith for the separated brethern. There is a movement towards Catholicism in their village. Three families have had their children baptized and now prepare to follow them, a lawyer shows an inclination to join the church and a doctor who follows the Domincans to Cincinnati and prepared to become a Catholic, and become a Dominican. Father Robert Abell is to baptize a magistrate, very rich and highly thought of. Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget has gathered these facts to publish in France where Father Stephen Theodore Badin demands such stories to aid in his begging. The minister has lost his popularity. They do not preach in the courthouse since the last two attracted such small audiences. His pamphlet has had a good effect and an answer is on the press. David likes this kind of writing and thinks it does much good. He knows that all he will say is already written but a new pamphlet pricks the curiosity. He has plenty of sources for this type of work especially a two volume work which Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat brought from France. The trouble is he does not have time. May 18 he was interrupted as usual. Yesterday he had a visit with Coskery and his son. He was David's pentitent in Baltimore. He thanks Brute for his interesting letters, especially the one which cites the profession of faith of the Presbyterians. He has one print in Philadelphia in 1806. It does no good to write it because they will always say that their faith is in the scriptures. This gives them liberty to change as they wish. They have two copies of the one volume of DeLammenais. He does not know if the second appeared. He has not read it partly because it is not on the subject on which he is writing and partly because the Bishop who has read it says it is full of melancholy. David has read the article of which Brute speaks. He needs a conclusion for his speech. He needs divine help. He cannot write as they who read want but does so only because there is no one else to do it. He will interrupt now to teach a class of French, then one of English, then to speak to a stranger and then to a seminarian at another time to teach a class of chant or to give a conference on scripture. He needs a master to be put in charge of the classes of the humanities since Father Francis Patrick Kenrick has had to take the place of Father Ignatius Reynolds. Kenrick could then take over david's two classes in scripture. Kenrik will be incharge of the confessions and David will make himself another confessional in the side chapel although Kenrick will probably attract all to himself. He has nearly finished his booklet but is embarrassed because the printer at Bardstown is so bad, as was shown in his "Vindication". He outlines the plan of the book. The first address will lead directly to the second which will be on the infallibility of the Church. In this he will show the need of tradition, with proofs from scripture, from the Fathers and from Protestant authors. He thinks he will have a chance to treat of LeMannais. He wishes that Brute was with him to help. P.S. The Bishop is absent visiting the diocese. The Dominicans are forming two convents of their third order, one at St. Rose and the other at Frankfort. Bishop Edward Dominic Fenwick begins with the aid of Fathers _____ Hill and _____ Hynes is reaping great fruit in Cincinnati. Their college prospers and they are taking in boarders. Byrne's school also succeeds. He has actually 70 students of whome 30 are boarders. He has acquired a new title that of organist for the cathedral. It appears from a letter from Bishop William Dubourg that Father Inglesi has declined the episcopate. He plans to fix his see at New Orleans and asks for another bishop for St. Louis. It is embarrassing to leave the choice to Propaganda which does not know the place. He sends the regards to Elder, Burns, Derigaud etc. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 4pp. 9 CMNT II-3-o Rosati, Joseph C.M.: Barrens, Missouri, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsbourg, Maryland 1822 June 11 Brute assures him that he will have the life of St. Vincent in English. He does not know how to thank Brute and the good Sisters of Charity, who copied it. It should be sent to Bishop Dubourg in New Orleans who can send it to him at the Barrens. He hopes to find the means to have the book printed by subscription. He will write to a printer he knows in St. Louis to see if he can get the subscriptions to pay for the printing. He thinks there will be many from the priests of the diocese of whom there are fifty. He will write to Bishop Jean D.M. David in Kentucky and hopes that Brute can find more in Maryland. Thus Americans will know of Saint Vincent. He has some engravings that will fit the book. He will send to New Orleans a book of prints of St. Vincent and Christ which Brute can give to the Sisters and to his friends. He will send the box to the Superior of the seminary in Baltimore for him. Rosati has a letter from Bishop William Louis Dubourg in which he says that he will return to Missouri during the month. He will spend some day with them before going to St. Louis. They await the return of Angelo Inglesi with some ecclesiastics. He hopes there will some priests of his congregation. Brute probably learned with pleasure that Father de la Croix, the flemish priest whom Brute probably saw at Baltimore with Bishop Dubourg has been preparing the way for missions to the Indians. He goes after Easter to the Osage. Their chiefs are known in St. Louis, they visit Bishop Dubourg whenever he is there. The object to the trip of de la Croix is to find places for the missions. Inglesi is to bring some subjects with him and he hopes that Inglesi will bring some Jesuits with him. Another institution is being founded in New Orleans. Father Michael Portier, a young priest of talent is establishing a school, lancastrian, in which he has two hundred students who receive instruction in good morals while they study letters. The Bishop distributes the prizes or Pere Antoine de Sedella. The papers are filled with news of the scandals of Philadelphia. They can only pray that God will remedy the disorders. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 2pp. 4to. 6 CMNT II-3-o Flaget, Benedict Joseph Bishop of: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: of Emmitsburg, Maryland 1822 June 26 The bearer of this letter is a young man Augustine Spalding subdeacon whom Flaget has ordained at ember time of penetcost. He is scarely able to explain the authors that one sees in the humanities but he has behaved so well during the four years with them that Flaget has no doubt about his vocation and he would rather admit these to orders than to leave them to the temptations of the devil. Byrne is not to be scandalized if the man is not as good as Ignatius Reynolds, it is not the lack of study as much as weak health and his talents are inferior. It is principally because of his health that Flaget lets him visit his rich uncle. As he does not have time to write to Father Jean Tessier he asks that Brute notifly him that the young man may visit him. Reynolds who knows him will supply the neccessary information. Brute has written him several letters to which he has not answered. He does not have time and for the last three of four weeks he has had headache although he is now on the mend. Brute must pray for him and for his diocese. P.S. Father George Elder does well with his college. Father William Byrne's school burned a fortnight ago. He will have a brick school house in three months. He is highly respected. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 2pp. 4to. 5 CMNT II-3-o DuBourg, Louis William Bihsop of Louisiana: St. Louis, Missouri, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1822 July 6 It seems almost a century since they stopped corresponding. DuBourg suspects the cause and it is time now for him to explain himself. Brute thought him cool but that is not true. Brute's ordor was such that DuBourg thought he should not have him with him, but he prayed for him that he would attain his purpose in life. Recent letters of Brute have convinced him that his prayers have been answered. He knows no one better prepared to render service to religion than Brute. Perhaps Brute finds him cold and he will agree with that opinion. He asked Sister Marguerite to communicate to Brute some details about the starting of the mission among the Osages. Several other tribes of Missouri Indians manifest the same interests. He has charged Father Mathew Bernard Anduze to tell Brute about them. He will talk over these matters when he has occasion to visit Brute next spring. It is not only the Indians that are well disposed but also some Protestants. All the members of the government family are exemplary in the practice of their religion. He believes that Brute's call is there. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 3pp.2 CMNT II-3-o David, Jean B. M. Bishop of Mauricastro: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1822 Sept. 17 David with Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget is giving the retreat to their youngsters. He does not dare offer an apology for his long silence after received two such informing letters from Brute. He has had to prepare his "address" for the printer, a Catholic in Louisville. He has not received it yet but instead he has received the answers of the minister full of wrongs and boastings. He misrepresents David's statements to make his victories. He tries to make David conterdict himself and suceeds in one case in a statement from Tertullian on the question of images. He mentions another point that required explanation. David thanks Brute for the picture of his predecessor. There is a notice of him among the other marytrs of China in Butler's lives of the saints for the month of February. As to their prospectus. He finds Brute at one end and Bishop John England at the other and himself in the middle, since England promises not to speak of religion. They do not promise this but insist that Catholics receive instruction twice in the week, and let the others assist at them. All the students attend the high Mass and hear his sermons there. They are following the directions of Father Emery to the seminary at Baltimore. The observations that Brute has made about false prophets would make the subject a good book. He would point out first all the positive dogmas they reject, and the little of the positive that they retain. They have received through Father Guy Ingatius Chabrat 19 bound volumes of the L'ami du Roy and three unbound. The Bishop will write for the rest. He reads this book at his leisure. David has learned by a letter from Father Jean Tessier that Father E. Damphoux no longer president and would leave Baltimore. David has written to Father Duclaux asking for his service. Flaget has written to Tessier. David would have him teach thelogy and scripture and eventually become director so that David would retire to his Nazareens or go to Baltimore when the Bishop chose a younger and more vigourous coadjutor. He trembles at the burden of the episcopate. David has not heard of the miracle of which Brute speaks. There a cure by the application of the relic of St. Francis of Jerome. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 4pp. 4to. 7 CMNT II-3-o David, Jean Baptiste M Bishop of Mauricastro: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1823 Feb. 4 Brute should be as surprised by his long silence as he is at Brute's. . . Pressed by work he delayed writing until he received copies of his pamphlet on the rule of faith which was put off from day to day for two months. It has finally come. He sends a copy for him and for Father Dubois. He conseccated? all his free time to answering the reply of Hall which was he understand the product of 4 or 5 ministers, but it was wild with misrepresentations, lies and contraditions. It was not difficult to refute it. His time was interrupted so that he is not as concise as he desired. The repetitions of errors have led to repetitions in his own defense. He hopes he has omitted nothing important. He writes under obedience and the obedient man will speak of victory. Brute will see that the passages he sent him were not useless. He promises a second address on infallibility. He has material almost ready and if Brute has anything to help or knows of a book on the subject, he should let him know. He used Brute's letter IV and letter V will be an aid in the next address. His plan is first to prove the infallibility independently of scripture by the nature and constitution of the Church of Christ, then by the scripture. As things go they have had 4 or 5 of the best subjects ill. The doctor has given him mercury to one of them who is a deacon. Their college is growing; they have sixteen boarders. The Sisters of Charity are in difficulty in paying for the plantation that they bought the Sister O'Connor property at the point has lost its value because of the yellow fever. Otherwise they do well with 25 boarders and 30 externs in the good season. There are 4 sisters in Union County 150 miles away, 5 at St. Thomas, 4 who care for the laundry there and do housekeeping, 3 at Bardstown, and they are ready to send 4 to Scott County 60 miles away. They are desired for a hospital in Louisville where one of the priests is to be placed. A priest by name of Carroll applied to the Bishop to work in Louisville. The Bishop insisted first that he make a retreat and live among them. He did not like this and went up the river. What they heard of his letter caused them no regrets. They are having trouble with their domestic help. The Negros are nearly all rascals who would devour them. They need white men for butcher, baker, refrectory men and gardner. They have tried to form a group of brothers for this work without success. If Brute finds any laymen who desire this kind if work he should write to them. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 2pp. 4to. 3 CMNT II-3-o Badin, Father Stephen Theodore: Paris, France, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Baltimore, Maryland 1823 April 28 Brute's friend Abbe Felicite de Lamennais asked Badin two years before to forward some of his books to Brute. These an American lady promised to send with a letter. A gentlemen sent back the packet saying that he would take only the letter. She has told Badin that Mr. Albert Gallatin, the American ambassador would deliver them and she has asked him to tell Brute of this fact. Badin sometimes sees clergymen and physicians of Brute's acquaintance and has written to Brute several times on business about the Kentucky mission and sent letters from Brute's mother and sisters but has received no answer from Brute. He hopes that his letters were received and that the Kentucky affairs have met with no disappointments in Baltimore. Brute undoubtedly knows that a new conrodate has been made and 30 new bishop rics? erected. Abbe De Bonlad was consecrated yesterday at St. Sulpice as Bishop Puy en Velay on May 1st bishops of Orleans and Tulles were consecrated at Issy. Religion seems to emerge. As to the Kentucky missions he has better hopes which he cannot discuss now. He has not heard from Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget for 7 months, when he was in London. Since priests are scarce in Paris and he has been called on my the Grand Aumonier. He has finally agreed to act as chaplain protempore at the Hospital for the blind. He thinks it advantageous to make himself useful in France for the foriegn missions. He intends to write Flaget by the present occasion. He has learned that Bishop William BuBourg spent the winter in Baltimore. Bishop Jean Cheverus, nominated Bishop of Montauban is expected in Paris. His friend Mr. Hyde is going shortly to Constatinople as Ambassador. He sends his respects to Archbishop Marechal, Father John Tessier and Father John Moranville. P.S. Father Delamennais is in Paris. His brother formely v.g. of Sr. Brieux is that day v.g. of the Grand Aumonier. Both live together. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 3pp. 4to. 5 CMNT II-3-o David, Jean Baptist M Bishop of Mauricastro: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1823 June 14 To explain his long silence he blames Father M Derigaud who has had Brute's letter and failed to return it. He begins a letter knowing that he will not finish it that day. From St. Joseph there he will go to Nazareth for the examinations which will number 40 or 50. Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget will be with him. He will have with him one of the French priests from New Orleans, a colleague of Father Martial. He is taking refuge with them if matters permit. The comparison of matters in New Orleans with the imposter Father Angelo Ingesi and the horrible relaxation of discipline makes life at Bardstown much better. The names of the priests are Evremond and Fouche ages 32 and 40. Fouche speaks a little English and the other speaks so well that he has been given a class in French at the college. David continues to be the professor of English. They have nearly a hundred students in the college including 25 or 30 boarders. Father George Elder has done very well and has the friendship of the public. His prefect Joseph Hazeltine is a good man whom Bishop Flaget met on his trip to Detroit. He is in philosophy and will receive the subdeaconate. Mr. Lonce, a convert separated from his wife is the second prefect. Father Francis Patrick Kenrick is vice president until Reynolds returns. Bardstown is visited very much by people from Louisville where they have the yellow fever. They plan to finish the tower and the facade of their cathedral. The city and the congregation have charge of it. It will cost $1,800 to $2,000. The other cities of Kentucky have furnished the interior at nearly $2,000. David comments on Brute's criticisms of his pamphlet. The phrase during brethern he thinks proper, as also dear souls and beloved brethern. He has sent his defense of the Vindiction to Lexington to be printed. It is more than a hundred pages. He has worked hard but a better mind would have done a better job. He has many other things to write. He is undertaking a new catechism for the diocese. He also teaches music at the cathedral and has to copy much. He examines at the school where there are 50 boarders and 30 externs, not counting the 10 girls who go half time and work half. He hears confessions of the Catholics including the 20 Sisters there and 8 at Bardstown. David explains the difficulties and task under which he has composed his studies. He is consolded by the good news of the progress of religion in Europe given to Brute. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 4pp. 4to. 6 CMNT II-3-o David, John B. M. Bishop of Mauricastro: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1823 Aug. 27 He answers Brute's letter of July 15. First he assures him which Father Jean Dubois that he has nothing to fear about Mr. Lowe. They know all that Brute has said of his past life. They agree and so does he about his character and unstability for the ecclesiastical life. He is also a hypocondriac. The president cures him by applying the punishment he used on the students. He seems afraid that he will hear from his wife, but the letter she sent to Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget does not offer much hope. David does not think that the man will be happy and the positive refusal of his wife might persuade him to seek his happiness in other circumstances. He has asked his sister in law to be a mediatrix. He does well enough in his studies and is sufficiently respected by the students whose sub prefect he is. His defence is printed in Lexington. He has a copy from which to prepare an errata sheet for the worst errors. He will not have copies for some days because they will come by way of Louisville. Brute's friendly criticism will be welcome although the pamphlet was written in fits and starts and amidst interruptions. The Minister tried to see what was being printed but through a friend Mr. Palmer this was prevented. David does not claim infallibility. He will send a copy to Brute when the printing is delivered. He wishes he were freed from the turbulence but submits to the will of God. Bishop John England of Charleston and Archbishop Ambrose Marechal suggest that he retire to a convent of the sisters where he could write but that is not possible. The Sisters are far behind those of Brute. When school ended they had 50 boarders. They would have more in September of they had the room. They cannot build because they do not yet have the deed. They have only a log cabin for a chapel. Flaget is visiting the western missions as far as Vincennes and will return in October. He would like to talk to Brute. Brute is assure Mister Rose that he has received her letter with the addition of Eleanore Elder, and is to tell her that they have received the rules for the hospitals with the second volume of the life of St. Vincent de Paul. David thinks they have sent the first part perhaps with Mr. Phalen. They can send other things for them by Father Ignatius Reynolds who is returning to Kentucky. He ought to answer Sister Francis at Baltimore. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 3pp. 4to. CMNT II-3-o Cheverus, John Bishop of: Boston, Massacusetts, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1823 Sept. 24 Cheverus has received Brute's 2 letters and he appreciated the purity of Brute's zeal. In May he followed the advice of Archbishop Ambrose Marechal and transmitted his letter to the Grand Almoner. Instead of accepting his refusal the King ordered them to appoint him in his name and of the country which demanded his services. He can do no less than throw himself at the feet of his majesty. He does so against his inclination. Brute may blame him but have pity of him and pray for him. P.S. The relic was sent over a year ago. It must have been mislain. He sends his regards to Father John Dubois and to the Sisters. Attached to the translation is a newpaper clipping about Cheverus departure. Note He has written to M. LaMennais at Harem. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 1p. 4to. 2 CMNT II-3-o Brute, Simon Gabriel: ~ Document ~ `For considerations between M. Mullan and himself Brute asks Mr. Grover to carry to his account credit for $50 which he will pay Grover. :: II-3-o - A.D.S. - 320 - 2 1823 December 18 CMNT II-3-o Richard, Father Gabriel: Washington, D.C., to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1824 Feb. 9 Since Brute is going to disembark at Bordeaux Richard asks that he call on his brother a clerk there at bureau des classes a Saintes. Brute will give him the letter he sends and also for an answer. He asks that Brute obtain for him or have sent to New York in Care of Bishop John Conely John Connolly. He lists a whole page and a half of articles and books. He asks him to show the list to Father Duclaux, Father Garnier and especially to Father Stephen Theodore Badin to held him fill it and perhaps surpass it. If he cannot obtain proper aid he will advance to Baltimore or to New York. The sum of $200 and if that is not enough it is to be retrenched leaving out the chalice the ciborium, the censer and even the ostensorium. From his brother he hopes that Brute will obtain two barrels of wine, one for Brute and the other for Richard to be sent to New York and choose for him an agent in Paris from among the clergy of Paris, Bordeaux, or Havre De Grace to take care of the poor church and particularly of the poor Indians of Michigan. At Bordeaux he should visit Madame Fournier, sister of Bishop DuBourg. If she is rich she may send some gifts for the poor Indians of Michigan. He is to speak of him to the Archbishop of Bordeaux and the Bishop of De Saintes. He wishes Brute a safe voyage. He tells him on the cover to read this letter at Havre de Grace, Paris, at Saintes and Bordeaux. :: II-3-o - A.S.L. - French CMNT II-3-o Richard, Father Gabriel: Washington, D.C., to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1824 Feb. 11 Enclosed Brute will find a letter for Father Garnier in Paris and another for Bishop Edward Dominic Fenwick which Brute will give or send when and where opportunity occurs. By this mail he has sent to Father Jean Dubois a public document in relation to the sale of public document in relation to the sale of public lands in the Territory of Michigan on the first Monday of June and on the first Monday of July next. Should Dubois be disposed to buy and pay for land a much as it may be necessary to repay the $200 if he will give them to his account. As the time is short he asks that the answer come soon enough that he can write to Brute again before he leaves Emmitsburg or at least before he leaves New York. He asks Brute to tell him when he is leaving for New York and from New York. P.S. Brute is to add to the memorandum a small ritual in Latin with the rubrics in the French language for Father Stephen Theodore Badin who lost one of that kind and he says he will be uneasy until he gets another one. Give my compliments to Father Hickey. The letter directed to Bishop Fenwick will be delivered by Father Dubois. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 2pp. 4to. 3 CMNT II-3-o Richard, Father Gabriel: Washington, D.C., to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: New York, New York 1824 Feb. 19 Yesterday he received Brute's letter of Feb. 12 and thanks him for the news it contains. It appears that his letter containing one for Father Garnier has not yet been received by Brute before he left for New York. Just as soon as he receives answer from Brute of Father John Dubois he will write again to New York. In case the letter does not arrive before Brute leaves he is to instruct Mr. Bernard Eyquem how to direct it. Here enclosed are 4 letters which Brute's friend Mr. Lucas handed to him. He had not seen nor could read the little note Brute left at Richard's desk at the House of Representatives. But when I mentioned the contents to him he said he would not fail to remember Brute on the seas. Gabriel will join him. P.S. Gabriel will try to go to Emmitsburg. He sends his regards to Bernard Eyquem. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 1p.3 CMNT II-3-o Cheverus Bishop John: Paris, France, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Paris, France 1824 April 21 Cheverus will go to the seminary to see Brute and if he is not there he will leave a little note. He received the day before a letter from Father John Francis Moranville. He has already made some efforts. He hopes to have some money for him from the Grand Almonerie and he will also try to get him admitted to the Asylum of Maria Therese. He will write as soon as he has any positive news. He is undergoing cruel thoughts. He almost found a means of escape but another was more successful. He will give the details to the Archbishop Ambrose Marechal. He hopes they will pardon him and pray for him. There can be for him not greater consolation than to do something for the church in America. He wishes Brute a happy journey. His brother is at Mayenne. His sister whom Brute saw at Laval is in heaven he hopes. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 2pp.4to. CMNT II-3-o Badin, Father Stephen Theodore: _____ , to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Rennes, France 1824 May 23 Badin acknowledges Brute's letters of March 15 and 18 and asks to be excused for his delay because of illness. By the delay he is able to send word of Bishop Edward Dominic Fenwick who is to leave Lyons May 25. Fenwick's letter of May 20 Badin just received. He will lodge with Badin. Badin has not visited Lyons because he followed Brute's opinion but the Bishop of Metz thought he should and promised to give introductory letters. Badin has spent some time on his memoir to be presented to the minister of foreign affairs but would like to consult Brute and Fenwick before presenting it. Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget seems to agree with Brute about the Trappists in the United States and Badin thinks he should study theology before entering on the arts altough he believes piety is sometimes a substitute for learning. Father John Leo Champomier of Vincennes has written Badin an interesting letter. The Duke of Rohan is with the Duke of Luques. A letter from London informs Badin that a French Visitandine is at Avignon hoping to found an English mission. She was told 4 years ago that the foundation should be made by a bishop who since dies Badin thinks that there might be some question that the foundation would be made by Kentucky or somewhere else in the United States. She beleives in Provindence, arriving without passport, money, letter of her superior or any other ecclesiastical authority. She is about 46 years old and of a delicate constitution, well instructed in the rules of her state and of desirable piety. This is from a letter of May 18 of Father de la Porte. Badin asks what Brute thinks of it. Respecting the cure of Miss Carburey, Badin praises the prudence of Archbishop Ambrose Marechal. P.S. Badin has heard nothing of what Brute left in the carriage. The mail was sealed when he went to the post office. He has seen and heard Bishop John Cheverus and opens the letter to say that Father Moranville died May 15. The letter is written on the inside page of a printer announcement on the Mission of Kentucky which describes the diocese of Flaget and its needs, together with names of priests in Paris who may be approached on the subject. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 2pp. CMNT II-3-o Badin, Father Stephen Theodore: Paris, France, to Messieurs Glot Francois et Robillard: Paris, France 1824 July 24 Father Simon Gabriel Brute, an American missionary wishes them to have charge of his baggage. They will send it to the place where he is to embark and he will take charge of it there until it reaches the United States. On the second page of this is a brief description of the Mission of Kentucky. It tells the brief account of the accomplishments of Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget, the ecclesiastical data on the diocese and their needs, suggesting that many churches and priests have extra ornaments and statues which they could send to this needy diocese as well as money. They can send them to Abbe Desjardin, McChapelier, Madame de la Calprade or Badin. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 1p.2 CMNT II-3-o Badin, Father Stephen Theodore: Paris, France, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Paris, France 1824 Aug. 5 Badin regrets that the time for Brute's departure is near and he will not be able to greet him for probably the last time of his life. He is sorry for the mistakes he has made. He asks Brute to accept the donations of the Association of the Propagation destined for Kentucky. Father DeLamennais will give him them or indicate another to do so. He is fatigued having had to write to Father Wheeler as desired by Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget. Mr. John Rogers the architect of Bardstown wants to go with Brute and will take charge of the "plunder". He has assigned it for transportation to his friends MM. Francois etc. Perhaps he will return before Brute departs but if not he wishes him well in his plans and for the voyage. Enclosed is a letter of Brute to a prelate: In case Badin has not presented the letter of Father Gabriel Richard he mentions three special requests from the letter: 1. the list of books, 2. to demand wine from his brother at Saintes. Brute has written a letter about this but has no reply, 3. to get an agent for the mission of Michigan. Baind has a copy of this note. Brute was wrong in remitting the money to Mr. Bellamy although that was what he told the Monsigneur Bishop Edward Dominic Fenwick What he told Father Gicquek was nearly the Monseigneur is to explain the matter 100 francs any how he sends him what he has received except 30 francs for which he is responsible to Fenwick. He has recommended Michigan and Phio as much as he can, often more that he spoke of the needs of Emmitsburg especially in the face of that fire which should deprive Father Jean Dubois who created all as well as the work of Fathers Elder, Byrne and others. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 2pp.6 CMNT II-3-o Delbreil, Father Ph: Montauban, France, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Paris, France 1824 August 26 Delbreil is pleased to have some direct news from Brute after ten years. He would enjoy more to speak to him verbally but fear that they will not meet until they meet in haven. He blessed the Lord for the progress of the church in North America. Brute is fortunate to have been called to contribute to this growth personally. He has only a small sum of 70 francs to send. This is not for lack of feeling but because of the poverty to their church since the revolution. Even the presence of a Bishop Jean Cheverus which America has contributed does not really change their position. They cannot obtain means to restore the Baltimore seminary destroyed by fire when they cannot take care of their own needs. He sends this sum more as a mark of their good will that as a suitable contribution. Delbreil asks Brute to give his respects to Father Duclaux. P. S. He is going to take this letter to the Bishop Cheverus who will enclose a donation. He wishes to spare Brute the trouble of going to the post office twice. He will give Brute more tahn Delbreil can afford. To this Bishop Brute adds a note that Brute is to accept a trifle from a poor bishop who is obliged to send $400 to America. P. S. he adds this to what Delbreil brought to save Brute another trip to the post office. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 2pp. 4to. 2 CMNT II-3-o Cheverus Jean Bishop of: Montauban, France, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Paris, France 1824 Sept. 23 At the moment he seals his package for Havre he received Brute's letter from Paris. His heart follows Brute as does that of their saintly friend. He expects the nomination of his successor to write to Archbishop Ambrose Marechal. Brute is to give Marechal his respects, to all at St. Sulpice and to Father Jean Dubois. Assure Mr. Larue that he will not forget his son. P.S. If Captain Robinson is at Havre Brute is to give him his regards. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 1p.1 CMNT II-3-o Egan, Father Michael Burgo: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: New York 1824 Nov. 15 Egan received Brute's kind note this evening after returning from the wharf where he had been expecting the arrival of Brute. When he heard of Brute's safe arrival he determined to wait until Thursday to accompany him but he would have to leave Thursday for Baltimore. He need not express his joy at Brute's return. He hopes he will never again be separated from the St. Mary's Mountain. Father Jean Dubois is much in need of his assistance, although he has borne with fortitude the crosses that have been sent him. He has written that all goes well and that the new seminary is nearly under roof. He had been away from the seminary for five months as Sister Betsy had probably told him. He has replaced Brute's books but in disorder since the fire. The sisters are well and ask to be remembered. Sister Josephine Seton is there and would like to see Brute. She will go to Baltimore next week. Mr. Smith is there with Father Hurley also Mr. Curran who is here for the subsciption. Father McGerry is stationed with Father John McElroy at Fredericktown. Egan speaks of the dissipation he has endured since his ordination. But he hopes to enjoy their peaceful solitude with Brute. If Brute is not coming by Wednesday or Thursday he should write Edgan whether he is to wait for him at Philadelphia. There will be a solemn celebration for Louis XVIII this week. Father Roloff expects Brute to stay with him. He sends respects to Sister Betsy, Sister Agnes and the others. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 1p. 4to. 3 CMNT II-3-o Richard, Father Gabriel: Washington, D.C., to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1824 Dec. 4 He has sent to Brute at Brown's hotel a pack containing Kolhman's work on Unitarianism, one pamphlet on Prince Hohenlohe with 50 engravings of the prince ten engravings of his church in Detroit and one subscription paper for finishing the church. Brute is to give the engraving to those who subscribe $1 or more. P.S. When Brute arrives in Baltimore he is to enclose for him two orders on the Bishops of Cincinnati and Bardstown and assure Father Jean Dubois of his affection as also for the students and the Sisters. He asks prayers since there is hope of success relative to the establishment among the Indians. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 1p. 1 CMNT II-3-o Richard, Father Gabriel: Washington, D.C., to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland ~ Document ~ `portion of letter referring to church at Detroit. Some of Brute's students out of interest in Detroit's church may aid him in this transaction. P. He asks to be remembered to Father Jean Dubois and for the prayers of the theologians, sisters and priests. P.S.2 His nomination is no farther certain. Archbishop Ambrose Marechal is not far so anxious not to a aument the French influence as not to put his name on the list. P. 3 Gabriel would be pleased to have the book on Galileo that Brute mentioned to him on their journey from Emmitsburg to Baltimore. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - incomplete - 1p. 2 1825 Jan. 2 CMNT II-3-o Flaget, Benedict Joseph Bishop of: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1825 Jan. 3 Flaget wishes Brute a happy new year and assures him of his affection. He thanks Brute for having brought back his good Roger whose services have become so necessary. He also thanks Brute for the apparatus and their things which arrived in good condition and for which Brute paid the customs. They arrived some days before Christmas and Flaget has opened the boxes except those containing the apparatus, since the room for it is not ready. Father Stephen Theodore Badin has announced that the Duke of Orleans has planned to send him an episcopal throne but Flaget has seen no sign of it yet, unless it is among the machines. All goes well. The Delegate from Michigan Gabriel Richard has escaped from prison and the suburbs has asked for $50 as Flaget's part of the customs. But Brute is to tell Father Jean Dubois that the books and apparatus are custom free because of a special act of Congress in favor if St. Joseph's college. Brute can therefore reclaim whatever he has paid for them. Futher he does not think the apparatus is worth fifty dollars. He would pay for if necessary but his pocketbook is as empty as Dubois. Nor have they paid for the wing of the building that will house the machine and will cost about $7,000 or $8,000 in the spring. He can see from that how much he does not have the money for a church 4 or 5 hundred miles from Bardstown. He had been pleading for six years for finishing the facade of the cathedral without success. Further they have had two fires without a fortnight in which they lost lumber and their infirmary. Luckily a heavy snow kept the first from spreading to the cathedral. Old Morgan whom Brute might know was alone in the infirmary. A student tried to save him but another student from the college dashed in and brought out the old man who died a few hours later. The young man suffered burns in his hair and on his hands. He is not a Catholic. If Brute has suspicions about the cause of the fires, Flaget thinks they were result of their own mistakes. The citizens of Bardstown worked hard to put out the fires. Brute is to assure Father Gabriel Richard about the $50 and his subscription for the church of St. Anne. If Richard has patience in a couple of years he will pay him double. Flaget sends his regards to Father Jean Dubois whom he compliments on the second edition of his college. David send his regards, also to Father John Hickey. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 3pp. 3 CMNT II-3-o Dubourg, William Louis Bishop of: New Orleans Louisiana, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1825 Feb. 16 DuBourg felicitates Brute on his happy return. He had been aware of the almost miraculous restoration of the college which must have pleased Brute. May God preserve his good confrere Jean Dubois for his achievement of an edifice so precious. Brute has been in France where again many things prosper. However there is always in France a gnawing worm. They must be on their guard. Some people are still afraid in France but he does not share their views. The government appears solid, the finance prosperous. But they say that there are still in France people who plan evil things. But there are also an infinity of moses who intercede between heaven and the people. The entire court is peopled with virtuous people not only to repair France but to aid the missions abroad. Things are thus before the Revolution; Dubourg admits his glory in France which he can express to Brute with understanding. De Deplores the roos of a Lamennais and Cardinal Clermonterre, but this danger is compressed by the King's character. Brute spoke to him of his friends in France and he appreciates their friendship. He is expecting Father Anthony Blanc, but after waiting at Nantes they have heard, he has had to go Havre and has been delayed three months. May God bring him and his two companions safely. Brute tells him that Blanc is bringing gifts. He needs them since the convent of nuns which he has had to transform into a college and a residence was in bad repair. If Blanc brings him money he will immediately send the $200 to Brute. P.S. The widow of Emperior Iturbide is there. She left four daughters and a boy of eight in England. She is taking measures for them to come the north way and wants to send them somewhere for a short time. Dubourg did not hesitate to suggest that the girls go to St. Joseph and asks that Dubourg accept the boy for the short time. The children are on the point of landing in New York. Dubourg is writing to the mother superior at St. Joseph and asks Brute to ask Dubois. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 3pp. 4to. 3 CMNT II-3-o Richard, Father Gabriel: Washington, D.C., to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1825 Feb. 22 Mr. Cook has sent him the commencement about the lands and the taxes on them in the state of Illinois since he has not been able to go out for three weeks. As to the 320 acres of Father Jean Dubois Mr. McGerry assures Richard that he will do what he can at the General Land Agency with Mr. Watson and Richard will also act when he is able to be out. He has sent the book on the Aposylapse to Father W. Matthews who is pleased with it and is absorbing it. Governor Lewis Cass of Michigan wrotes him a king for the book of the Jesuits Father Sagard and others on the geographical limits of the Indians in Canada. The book and the map that Brute spoke in his recent letter is just exactly what he needs. If Brute will send it by McGerry he will be grateful. If Brute will permit him to take it to Detroit he will return it next November. If not he asks that he be permitted to make an estract and have the book returned by McGerry. He has found the Dominicans but he would be glad if Brute could send him a copy of their work Vindica of St. Mary's C. He sends 12 letters views of Jerusalem. He sends his compliments to Father Jean Dubois and the others. :: II-3-o A.L.S. CMNT II-3-o David, Jean Baptist M Bishop of Mauricastro: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1825 Mar. 17 Since Brute's letter to Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget they have heard of Brute's return from France. David intended to write several times. Brute told him of the return of Rogers by the same boat, and he wished he had accompanied him to Kentucky. Flaget ordained at the Advent ember days one deacon two subdeacons and eight in minor orders and in tonsure. On Saturday the feast of St. Joseph he will ordain a deacon and a subdeacon Apollinaire Alement They have at the seminary a priest who has not finished his theology 4 deacons, 3 subdeacons. He does not count Spalding who remains as he was and twelve in minor orders. The lettle seminary has a dozen of aspirants. The sisters number 52 of whome more than half are scattered in six establishments. They have 6 at the Grand seminary for laundry and cooking etc. Father Derogaud has as many at the little seminary. 3 teach in Bardstown as is Brute they are engaged in building a college. Two wings are up and they are building the body of the building but they are not getting the help they planned. They have lost the Mother at the Nazareth convent. She left more debts than David suspected. The sisters have great confidence in God. David wonders how Brute can persuade Bishop Edward Dominic Fenwick to come to Bardstown on his way to Cincinnati since it is out of his way. Brute said nothing of the bishop for Father Gabriel Richard Flaget conjectures that if he comes with Fenwick it would be for consecration. David likes the Miscellany but not all its articles. He has written this to the editors. It is too infatuated with republican principles and as ardent democrats beleive in the soberignity of the people. David does not care for accounts of grand dinners and toasts. He is misled in the affaire of the Philadelphia Schism and David beleives with Bishop Henry Conwell that the paper's comments on O'Mealy has enclurged his perserverance. He has received the pamphlet on the new miracle but has not read it. He is pleased to receive a denial that the convent of the Visitation at Georgetown had dissolved. Priests from New Orleans said that the Ursulines there were preparing lodgings for ten. Devid desires the multiplication of the community, the miracle does not contribute to that. As to the matter of superrogation he thinks the bishop should write Brute his explanation. Roger has made the matter clear to him. David has read Liguori on the question proposed by Brute and finds no difficulty. It is question of when the law is sufficiently promulgated. He argues from the obligation of the laws made congress. The Church order determines when a law is decreed. David is not surprised at the end of Father Angelo Inglesi. David sends his regards to Father Dubois, Hickey and the rest. Father Byrne conducts his college with marvelous succes. Father Derigaud has built a college at St. Thomas and has thirty scholars, it is a nursery for the little seminary since the death of Father Charles Nerincks Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat has been superior of the Lorettine Sisters. He perfects their rules and builds a large convent on the place where Badin lived. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 3pp.9 CMNT II-3-o Richard, Father Gabriel: Cleveland, Ohio, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1825 Mar. 25 Richard arrived at Fredricktown on Mar. 8 where he was told that Bishop Edward Dominic Fenwick and Father Josue M. Young had gone on ahead in the carriage of Mr. Dugan. He saw Father John McElroy who delivered the various articles mentioned in Brute's letter. These books and articles were gratifing. As to the books on the Indians he has no doubt that Brute's name will stand very high with Governor Lewis Cass. The reading will give him a correct idea of the Catholic missionaries. The same day he over took Bishop Fenwick at Hagerstown and on Mar. 9 they continued their journey on the 11 their carriage was upset and its upper part demolished. Young was not hurt. Fenwick had a bump on his head, Richard several bumps on his head which gave him a servere headache. But they lost the driver who seemed to have no bones broken but who was incapable of rising. They went to a neighbor's house for bed and wagon and carried him to Cumberland but he died the next morning. They buried him at Cumberland at which Young said the Mass and preached the sermon. The next Sunday they started at noon with Young saying the last mass and catching up on horseback. At Brownsville they comforted the widow of the driver. At Brownsville they met 2 of the drivers brothers and his mother. Gabriel left St. Clairsville of Saturday the 19th. By wagon and horse they went to Cleveland arriving there the 24th. A vessel is expected from Buffalo but the winds may not let it come ashore. If it does not they will go 60 miles to Sandusky City where there are many skiffs sailing every day. He sends his regards to Father Dubois, the clergymen, the Mother and the Sisters. P.S. He preached at St. Clairsville, Centerville and Canton and if he does not start today he will also preach in Cleveland. The mustard seed may produce fruit at some future day. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 4pp. 4to. 4 CMNT II-3-o Flaget, Benedict Joseph Bishop of Bardstown: Nazareth, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute, Emmitsburg, Maryland 1825 April 8 Brute's arguments have convinced him that he should give the $50 to Father Gabriel Richard. They must not let a simple matter of money break up their friendship. His situation is very unpleasant. The subscriptions for the cathedral are not being paid. Flaget has simply told his agent to get the money here and now. He needs $4,000. The Sisters of Charity through the maladministration of a mother need a like sum. To this he has added a personal debt for a house costing $5,000. He explains his insenability to the misery of others by his own troubles, although God gives him some ray of hope. They await the arrival of Martial at the end of the month who announces twenty boarders. They already have 35 with 60 or 80 externs. P.S. He sends his regards to Father Dubois and his families. He asks to know who is elected Bishop of New York. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 2pp. 3 CMNT II-3-o David, Jean Baptist M Bishop of Mauricastro: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1825 May 16 David has received Brute's letter of April 16. Father George Elder, the President had not seen the college yet he boasts to Father Jean Dubois. They will have soon 56 boarders from New Orleans, nearly all Catholics. From a letter from St. Joseph in January he heard that Sister Angela was near death and had a letter from her saying that she was going into comsumption. She has an angel. David has lost five of the Sisters of Charity last year. The letter continues June 9. The feasts obligations that succeed each other are the cause. Their building grows, 120 feet long and 40 wide. One wing already built houses the old college and is 60 feet long. The other is more than a hundred and houses the kitchen, the meat house and other like needs and rooms for other purposes for the sisters and a piazza for use in the winter, and rooms for various purposes which he enumerates. The inspiration of all this is Father Martial who is very devoted to us. Fouche and Evremond are his disciples and good men. David is still professor of English but has only one student Apollinaris Sherman from Rhodes who is a subdeacon in theology. June 25, his feast day has come and he had not finished his letter. Yesterday he celebrated solemly in the presence of the Bishop, priests and seminarians and blessed the chapel at Nazareth. It is brick 55 feet long and 30 feet wide with a sacristy 12 feet square. David described the services. A Jew and his wife and little girl were there. The Mother expressed a desire to be Catholic. The mother told the Mother of the Sisters that she wished the daughter to be raised a Catholic because of the father but wanted the girl to make the decision herself. They plan to add to the chapel 15 feet of wall which would provide two rooms below and sleeping rooms above, while they are waiting to build a new house for the Sisters. He dedicated the chapel to St. Vincent de Paul. He lists several paintings he desires. June 27, he speaks of his sicjnesses. Because of them he is exempt from singing and teaching. It is necessary that he be superior of the seminary and teach the seminarians, and that he be superior and confessor to the Sisters and there are always novices to instruct. He also sings the mass, since he is the director of the choir. He hopes to die before the Bishop because of his incapacity as bishop. He sends his regards to Father Dubois and Hickey and to Mother Rose. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 3pp.6 CMNT II-3-o England, John Bishop of: Charleston, South Carolina, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute : Emmitsburg, Maryland 1825 Aug. 28 England answers Brute's French letter in English but Brute may write in either language to him. Aug. 30. He could not continue the letter for want of time. He has too many occupations. He teaches theology, philosopghy, algebra besides his episcopal duties and his contributions to the Miscellany. Other things are inserted in it which he does not see, especially when he is on the missions in others parts of the diocese. He thanks Brute for his remarks some of which he agrees with. Others he will note although he does not fully agree with them. Yet he wants Brute to write as frankly on what he disagrees with. His vocation has allowed him to study human nature in its best and worst features. Much of his life was spent in dungeons as their chaplain, with the depraved and those in Magdaken asylums, in the superintendance of convents of Ursulinenuns under the frown of the persecutor and the councils of public office. Nine years thus spent left him little time for books. For a part of his time he was teaching theology and the superintendance of a seminary, after which he was again taken from his books to have charge of a large parish and vicar al inspection of ten others as vicar forane. Then he was sent here where Brute knows what he has to do. He writes that Brute will see his opportunities to study and he is not yet 39 years of age. But he has had opportunity to know the world. He has had some conversations with William Gasten about Brute and asked him to request Brute to supply his wants of reading. He knows mankind better that Brute but Brute knows the world of books better. If Brute will write in English England will correct it but if he writes in French he will do with it what he can. He is almost as destitute of books as of proper reading. Brute will have to pay for his Miscellany by his contribution, as many copies as he wishes. He thanks Brute for his "Dictionary of Heresies" and is about to send to Father Tessier for Brute. He could use any duplicate that Brute can afford. If he will say 2 or 3 Masses that will do for the subscription. The Ami de la Religion was stopped because they were in arrears. They do not publish American news because only the Bardstown people send any. He feels he can defeat the enemy by the utmost candor but he agrees that if they should not publish the falsehood without its antidore. He thinks that Brute and he agree for the most part and quotes a proverb on righting with candor. He has much to communicate. He asks for the history of Galileo and the Inquisition and the authorities Brute can command. England was delighted with that what Brute published on that in Baltimore. Brute is not to pay the postage on communications to the Miscellany, since they will cost him nothing. What Brute wishes private will remain so. On back a list of books received. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 4pp. 4to. 3 CMNT II-3-o Egan, Michael DeBurgo: Mt. St. Mary's Emmitsburg, Maryland, to Father John B. Purcell: Paris, France 1825 Sept. 2 He wrote to Purcell in August telling of the great changes that were taking place in the Mt. St. Mary's since the elevation of Father Jean Dubois to the episcopate of New York. As sole proprietor he is reasonable personally for its debts and cannot leave without finding someone to releive him of them. He first approached the Sulpicians in Baltimore to take back the institution but they would have to get the permission of the General in Rome that the delay would be too much. Brute adds that Father John McGerry then approached the Sulpicians again who again declined and then with the entreaties of Archbishop Ambrose Marechal they took charge of it. They had consent to take it for see it sold Fathers Simon Gabriel Brute McGerry and Egan agreed to take over the institution with the approval of the Archbishop. They decided that it was the divine will that they do so. As to theology he has given no express permission except to continue with those of other dioceses that have begun and for as many of his as are necessary to the college. He has granted our cell as his subject permission to remain with them. The Archbishop said it was a sacrifice for the welfare of the house. Egan tells Purcell to be ready to return to them. If the desire of McGerry, Brute and himself that he return as soon as possible in the spring. As to the expense of passage Brute will ask a man in Havre to forward the funds. In the mean time he is to lay up supplies of the he thinks useful for the seminary. Purcell is not bound to Dubois but the seminary with the approbation of the Archbishop. Dubois counts on his joining him and will write to that effect, but the Archbishop will not consent to his leaving the diocese. He is going against his own nature in accepting his part. P.S. He will write soon again. Edward Purcell is well and doing better. on the same pages: :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 4pp. 4to. 5 CMNT II-3-o David Jean Baptist Bishop of Mauricastro: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1825 Sept. 24 He has received two letters from Brute without finding time to replay. He has only daily happenings to report except for Father Martial. One if that Father Anthony Garnier has been named vicar general of Paris in the absence of the Archbishop. Also he and Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget have received a letter from Monsignor Benedict Fenwick announcing has nomination to the bishop of Boston. He says nothing about New York. Martiel received this news with pleasure as a friend of religion and a Frenchman. Most of the American there were pleased. At St. Joseph's Seminary the great building is up to the fourth storey. The basement is above ground and is their first floor. Perhaps it is vanity that suggests that Brute make a trip to visit them. The secretary pro temps of the United States has written to the Bishop asking an account of the literary establishment and the Bishop has outlined to him the great progress of the Church in the fourteen years for the public in answer to those in Washington who say that Catholic is the enemy of republican governments. The College goes well. They have 90 boarders, as many as they can lodge. Fifteen have made their first Communion the first Sunday of October. The Bishop said the Mass and preached a sermon in French at 7 o'clock. Every Sunday they have at least 50 communions. The number of externs is nearly a 100. The school of the Sisters also grows. They have 52 boarders. They need a building. Father Derigauds is finished his college which can hold 150 students. It is 70 feet by thirty, a continuation of the seminary which is thirty square. That makes a hundred feet of building at two stages without counting the cellars which contain the large refectory, the offices, a kitchen, laundry and so on. And it is all paid for. They are going to print at Bardstown a catechism for the diocese larger than the little one. When it is ready he will send a copy to Brute. It will contain 150 pages and sell for a quarter dollar. It will have a preface by the Bishop and contain morning and evening prayer and some hymns and a cathechism of the feasts of the year. He has at hand the controversies of St. Francis de Sales. He will return the book at the first opportunity. He is much displeased with the Miscellany with its public dinners held and toasts Bishop John England changes the nature of the journal from a religious to a secular one. David has written to him but received no reply. David speaks of his health. His attacks of asthma care light but there is irritation in his speech which is almost continual because of his many duties, at times he has haze before his eyes for a half hour or three quarters. He has consulted doctors and they may be no remedy but to cease speaking public. He asks Brute which he should give up. He does not fear death but does not want to survive the Bishop. He asks prayers for the two afflicted bishops since Flaget is not well either. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 3pp. 4to. 5 CMNT II-3-o Bellamy, Father Jean: La Rivier aux Raisins, Michigan, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute : Emmitsburg, Maryland 1825 Oct. 22 It is time that he show some signs of life, since he has received two letters together with the precious things Brute has sent. He did not receive it all at once because Father Gabriel Richard forgot to give them to him and he did not have Brute's first letter until a long time after Richard has returned from Congress. He wrote to his superior and the letter was lost. This second letter he hopes will do better than the first. He has not yet received any letters from Britany, but one from a friend in Bordeaux. He has sent word to France only twice. He sent 3 or 4 letters to France in March but has had no answer but this very day they have announced that they have some letters for him at Detroit. He is 12 miles from Detroit where the people do not speak French and he does not speak English. One can expect difficulties among people who have rarely seen a priest for twenty years. He has hopes of building two churches one of stone and the other of brick. Since he came he had given first Communion to 66 children. About 50 were ready by All Saints. He has baptized one lady 52 years old. He hopes to baptize the father of a family who has declared himself a Catholic. He has nothing further to announce. He is very grateful to Brute because nothing is more agreeable than to receive news. He had a high fever during the month of August but he has recovered. P.S. He sends his respects to his friends. To this is added by Father Richard Since nature adhors a vacuum he will fill out the page. He begs pardone for so doing and then acknowledges a letter from Brute of April 11 containing an excellent map. Governor Lewis Cass was away when he received it. When he returns soon there will be a grand feast for him and for Richard in which Brute will enter by his exhibition. What men were those Jesuits, what a loss for the Indians. How ignorant were those Americans who said to others "will you vote for a friar or a jesuit? The election is decided. The Canvassers announced their decision after two months and a half. They announced for Major Biddle 689, for Gabriel Richard 724 and for Austin E. Wing 728. Martin lost his donkey for 4 votes. The friends of Biddle claim they canvassers have exceeded their powers. Some Americans are trying to get for Richard the seat in Congress which was deprived by wicked tricks. An American has sworn an affidavit that he witnessed an incident in which Richard lost 60 votes and this does not count many other places were witnessed testify to similar events. But Richard says he will remain in Detroit and let the other two fight it out in Washington. Wing who obtained the certific served the warrant for Labadie for he is sheriff. He told Richard six weeks ago that he had no doubt that Richard had the most legal votes but that his sins out weighed Richard's prayers. The prayers can win a revision. The good St. Anne suffered the revision and the 6 Charity Sisters whom Brute sent to Arbre Croche in June what will they think? Father Francis Vincent Badin has made a pretty chapel for the Indians. He said Mass there July 19 and on a second visit he baptized 21 savages and admitted 5 Indians to first Communion. P.S. He has Brute's letter in which he announces Bishop Louis William Dubourg's $200. That is a good happening. With what he has he can perhaps arrive at a compromise with his friend Labadie who has warned him about going beyond the limits 3 times in going to Washington. He might be content with half a judement or $600, offering him at this time $150. This keeps him here when he has an idea of going to Washington. P.S. He sends his regards to Father Jean Dubois, to the other priests and the good sisters who ought always to prepare to go to Arbew Croche when Providence furnishes the means. Brute should prepare professors for college in ovo. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French; - parts in English 4pp. 4to. 6 CMNT II-3-o Flaget, Benedict Joseph Bishop of: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1825? Nov. 11 Flaget writes in good humor and as Brute desires he is sending the $50 to Father Gabriel Richard to sweeten his misfortune in not being elected a second time. Richard says that it is good for priests to run for Congress. To him Richard was greater in his prison with his bed of straw than in the center of Congress. Father Stephen Theodore Badin is always having Richard made a bishop, but the letters from Rome say nothing about it but the promotion of Father Benedict Fenwick to Boston, and Richard has heard nothing on the subject. Father Felicite LeMannais has sent him three books he has had printed this year, one on the project of Bishop Dhermopolis, one on a law against scrileges and a third he has not yet read. Flaget marvels at the power with which he writes against the minister of Ecclesiastical Affairs. France should be very happy to have such a writer. But after reading LeMannais he thinks that the last days approach. Like Noe they should be preparing for them. They should be ready to be canonized as the first bishops of their sees, instead of spending their time building and buying lands. Brute should pray for him that he escape from the mud in which he is now embedded. He asks Brute to come to see him during the next vacation and bring with him Wheeler. Bishop Jean David plans a new edition of his catechism with some new questions and answers. He has added a little catechism for children and for slaves and has added an explanation of all the feasts of the year. He will certainly send one to Brute as soon as it is off the press. Flaget asks about Father John Dubois who is engaged in the same work as he and David and Flaget. P.S. David sends his regard to Brute and Dubois. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 3pp.5 CMNT II-3-o Flaget Benedict Joseph: Bardstown Kentucky, to Father Simon Brute: Mt. St. Mary's Emmitsburg, Maryland 1825 Nov. 12 In accordance with Brute's wishes, Flaget who through some good fortune has acquired 50 dollars has passed them on to Mr. Gabriel Richard to soothe the bitterness in his heart from his frustrated desire for reelection to congress. Flaget does not agree with Richard who holds that it is quite proper for the Catholic Church to have some of its priests as members of Congress from time to time and in his way of thinking Richard was more "interesting" in the obscurity of his prison cell sleeping on a bed of straw than in the center of light in Congress sitting on a velvet chair. The European Mr. Stephen Theodore Badin still makes him Richard Bishop, but the letters from announcing the promotion of Mgr. Benedict Joseph Fenwick to Boston does not mention his and Richard himself declares having no information on the subject. Flaget has just received three pamphlets form Mr. Hughes Felecite Robert de la Mennais; one on a bill drafted by Mgr. D'Hermopolis presented before the House of Lords Jan. 4 1825 relating to religious orders among women. The title of this is: Du Project de Loi sur les Congregations Religieuses de Femmes the other on a bill against the sacriliges Du Project de Loi sur le Sacrilege presente a la Chambre des Pairs le 4 Janvier 1832 he has not had time to read the third. With what power of reasoning does he attack the Ecclisiastical ministry the people will certainly render justice to the Breton who do not curry favors from the influential to get ahead he appeared less energetic in his discussion of the bill against sacrileges. France is fortunate to claim such a writer; but she is to be pitied for having so many either indifferent of impious. At times Flaget is convinced that religion is gaining in all sides but after reading such he can see only the approach of great misfortunes. Never the less like so many Noes Flaget is interested in the construction of buildings, of purchasing land, that is to say he considers himself worldly instead of a saint to be canonized as were the early bishops of the new sees. Flaget asks for Brute's prayers to help him get out of the mire in which he is sunk to the neck. He also invites Brute to visit him during his next vacation and to bring along Wheeler. Mgr. Jean Baptiste Marie David has induced Flaget to write a new edition of the Catechism. He David took the liberty to make light changes in a few of the questions and answers but he has preserved the substance and form of the older form. He adds a small Catechism for the children and the slave and besides he enriches his work with a short but substantial explanation for all the holidays of the year. He will certainly send you a copy as soon as it is released. Without Brute's letters Flaget would not know if John Dubois is still alive. Flaget sends his regards to him and asks that he be told to remember his two former friends who are now following in his footsteps and are building superb colleges and multiplying their schools as much as possible. - Benoit Joseph Bishop of Bardstown - Mgr. David greets you and blesses you both. BJ. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 3pp - 8vo. CMNT II-3-o Father Gabriel Richard: Detroit, Michigan, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1826 Mar. 8 He has received Brute's letter postmaked February 6. He can imitate Brute in mixing his English and French. He has not received the $200 dollars but he has received a letter from Bishop William Louis DuBourg of New Orleans of November 15 last that Gabriel can draw on him a draft at six days sight. He intends to do so and would also add a few words of Greek. He would find the words gift and thanksgiving in any language. Bishop Edward Dominic Fenwick has sent him $50. :: II-3-o CMNT II-3-o DuBourg, Louis William Bishop of Louisiana: Cincinnati, Ohio, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1826 May 18 Brute will be astonished to learn that Dubourg is on his way to Europe again. After mounting the Ohio he will go by land to Lake Erie and by Canal to New York. He will go by the first opportunity to France and then to Rome. If he can be of any use to Brute to Father Jean Dubois or the Sisters. Brute should write him at the address of his Brother in Bordeaux. He asks prayer of all exspecially of the Sisters. P.S. He sends his regards to Father John Hickey. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 1p. 4to. 1 CMNT II-3-o David Bishop Jean B.M.: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1826 June 5 The news that Brute gives of his affairs with St. Sulipice and the Archbishop Ambrose Marechal is very afflicting. Separation can have only bad effects. Their is no hope of success without approval from on high and that comes through superiors. He hopes that Brute will not break with Baltimore but that there will be closer union between the two houses. This union Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget regards as essential. The establishment was first at Pigeon Hall and Flaget was in charge. From there it was moved to the Mountain and placed under the supervision of Father Jean Dubois. This was done to furnish subjects for Baltimore. To take away this objective would be to change its nature. He thinks that the Mountain should send its theology students to Baltimore except those necessary for the seminary there who would make their theology at the Mountain. They would counsel together about whether there would be a philosophy course at the Mountain or not, or that it be at Baltimore as there is at Bardstown. He counsels Brute to conform. He admits that he resisted the orders of Father Jean Tessier but he knew that they were contrary to those of the superior general. He has asked Bishop Flaget to write to Father Jean Dubois. He can also write to Father Tessier. He hopes that some reasonable concessions can be made, and matters can be arranged for the use of the church. When he wrote the above he did not havev Brute's letter before him. Now he has and sees that the separation is final. David approves the designs of the men if they are reasonable about the Mountain and he also approved the design of the Archbishop to make the Mountain a preparatory seminary and a college, as they have done there at St. Thomas. He will ask Flaget to send on his ideas on the matter. David thinks that the idea of separation is the devil's idea. David thanks Brute for his good news as well as the bad. They had a brilliant procession of the Blessed Sacrement. One man from Pittsburgh who had called the description in the Miscellany exaggerated said when he saw it that the writer had not said enough. On the octave? of the feast the Bishop blessed the new monastery and church at Loretto where he and Bishop had first lived in their arrival in Kentucky. The Blessed Sacrement was in the log chapel from which it was moved into the new church after the ceremony. The new building is common on the outside but magnicent in the inside with ornaments brought from Flanders. Father Charles Nerinckx has intended to take them to Missouri had he not died. Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat has invited the other communities to join the celebration. The Mother from Nazareth with one of her Sisters and six Dominicans were present. There were about 50 religious present. They have begun a new school and monastery for the Sisters at Nazareth who have 76 boarders. They hope to have it under roof by August and ready for habitation by winter. They have also added 100 acres of timerland. They have had the means to do this. Mrs. Smith from Opelousas is with them Father Francis Celini is with them on his way from Rome. David thanks Brute for his remarks about the catechism and will profit from them in there second edition and can send the corrections to Father Martial in France who prepares a printing. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 3pp.8 CMNT II-3-o Brute, Father Simon Gabriel: Mt. St. Mary's Emmitsburg, Maryland, to Father John Baptist Purcell: Paris, France 1826 Sept. 2 Brute greets Purcell as a friend at the altar. The news Purcell has received is exact for the chief persons. Brute indicates that though there are disagreements between priests they all seek the truth and that in obeying the Archbishop they are achieving the best thing. The Archbishop allows those to complete the two years of theology who have begun with a right intention and he grants others to begin their first year. Since Egan has told Purcell of the main changes Brute adds a few notes. 1. Marechal associates Purcell with Mt. St. Mary's, 2. Purcell gave himself to the house and not to Dubois in person, 3. They desire his return as soon as possible, 4. Egan will explain the circumstances of the return, in the month of April. He lists five books he wants from Father M. Mollevaut. He has misplaced another book of Father Eudes he does not want. He, Purcell is to express his good wishes to Father Mollevaut and to Father Anthony Garnier to whom he owes letters, and to some others he mentions. He asks for prayers for Morgan Bulgar who will die that day. They have already 99 boarders and 26 others. They will soon have many boys above the hundred. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 4pp. 4to. 5 CMNT II-3-o David Jean B.M. Bishop of Mauricastro: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1826 Nov. 13 David owes Brute two letters but has been busy with the jubilee. They opened in September with the retreat and the jubliee for the clergy. All were there except Father John Leo Champommier who has gone to beg in Canada. For his church destined to be a cathedral. There were 40 ecclesiastic counting 7 who prepared for tonsure including 3 from Father William Byrnes College and 4 others from the same college who wanted to examine their vocation. There were 15 priests. He and Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget at Father Francis Patrick Kenrick gave the sermons. They ended on the feast of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin. The following Sunday they opened the jubliee of the cathedral while 40 Sister of Charity made their retreat and jubilee. There were few converts. Father Kenrick is their great preacher. The following Sunday was the closing of the Cathedral jubilee and the opening of that of St. Thomas. The following Sunday there was the opening of the jubilee at Louisville with conferences in the morning in the chapel and in the evening in the courthouse. The chapel is too small and away from the center of town. The conferences were successful. When a charge of a plot on the part of the priests was charged Kenrick assured the public that this was not so and that he wanted merely to give the truth, and that they could propose their objections in writing and would answer immediately or within twenty four hours. This proved satisfactory. Old sinners returned to the church and many Protestants gave promise of returning. The first Sunday of October, Rosary Sunday marked the closing of the jubilee in Louisville and the chapel at Bullit. The second Sunday of October marked the closing of the jubilee at Bullit and opening that at St. Michael's and the following Sunday at Spencer. David wrote the Bishop complaining that this was too strenious for Kenrick. The Bishop made light of this Kenrick came down with a fever. David tells of the violent medicine that Kenrick took, but he survived. The Bishop assigned the completion of the jubilee to the other missionaries. David to Brute Nov. 3, 1826: They have received news from France that Father Martial talked to the Princess D'Orleans who was deeply impressed that the organist of the cathedral in Kentucky was the coadjutor Bishop. Bishop DuBourg is certainly the Bishop if Montauban. Martial says that Abbe Felicite LeMennais was greatly interested in the Kentucky missions and sends them all his books and a subscription to La Memorial Catholique of which the chief editors are the Abbe with DeBonard and Haller. Martial had been given the works of De Bonald Chateaubriand and a son or nephew of Lemaistre had promised his father or uncle works. Vincennes is afflicted very badly. They have lost Sister Harriet Gardiber who conducted their school. The second catastrophe is the upsetting of the Cathedral they were building by a storm. The walls were blown down. Flaget writes that despite the loss of Kenrick the jubilee has produced great fruits at St. Charles. He is now at St. Mary's and will next go to winter quarters. The old fever will serve as a mantle of winter for Kenrick. Mr. Celius is doing all he can medically but is not successful. It remains. Kenrick thinks he eats too much since his appetite is good. David is well. He takes the theology class of Kenrick on Sunday and his conference on scripture. He teaches five hours of class every day, he gives an hour of conference after mass and vespers. He preaches at Montour on his turn. All this does not fatigue him too much. Despite some headache he does all his work. He has received the letter mentioned from Sister Rose but has not answered yet. He lists the advantages of the Sister of St. Joseph Nazareth this winter. Father John Dubois is to be a bishop. His virtues should help surmount the problems of being a bishop. Bishop Joseph Rosati finds himself in great trouble. He is scarcely ready for New Orleans. Corruption is such that one trembles. He expects the Mississippi to swallow that Sodom. Martial brought them fifty of these souls who are not capable of learning and even less of religious ideas. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 3pp. folio 8 CMNT II-3-o England, John Bishop of Charleston: Charleston, South Carolina, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1826 Dec. 5 England has received Brute's two letters and had only a few minutes since he has had to settle some business before leaving town for a few days. He has been disappointed in not getting a single French paper since the republication of the Miscellany. They are too poor to for the subscription Father Pierre Joseph Picot probably has not received his notes. He has asked a French merchant there to get him the Amis and the Memorial Catholique and he would pay for them but he does not expect them until the new year. Brute supposed he had information he did not have. Neither does he have Wesley. One can hardly realized how crippled he is for want of books. His situation is remote from the brisk course of trade and all his people are very poor and his news is late so that what is common place to Brute is news to him. He will make use of one of Brute's letter at the first opportunity and is very grateful for them. He has already given the correction about Father Jean Dubois as Brute suggested. The letters are news to be post paid. Why did the student not send their communications. Any advertisement for establishment will be carried free. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 1p. 4to. 4 CMNT II-3-o David, John Baptist M Bishop of Mauricastro: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1827 Feb. 17 David acknowledges Brute's letter of December 31 by hand and forwarded from Cincinnati which he received two days ago. He was pleased to get the news from France. David has received a letter from the pastor of St. Herblain near Nantes which gave him information about his family who reside near there but also gives news of France which he will copy for Brute. The passage speaks of the effects of the Revolution the country of Nantes which is without a college or seminary but now there is a greater college composed of the seminary and the school of the Ursulines. A great seminary had been built outside the city and there is a little seminary with 300 boarders at Auray 4 leagues from Vannes run by the Jesuits under the name Fathers of the Faith with more than 400 subjects of various dioceses. There are 5 others in France, one at Paris like that at Bourdeaux the Brothers of the Christain Doctrine have 3 public schools at Nantes. They are admitted into all dioceses. Nearly all who are destined for the ecclesiastical state are in the little seminary by their 4 annual collections. The three years of theology are cared for by the parishes with the exception of the Cathedral. The same letter cleared the announcement that Father Garnier of Rennes was nominated to Vannes and not nantes as the Miscellany had printed it. Brute's observations about the 4 D's has amused him and Bishop Flaget. Perhaps the 4th may be mitred too. They are happy at the success at the Mountain. This is proof of Bishop Jean Dubois skill. His fears of opposition in his new diocese have not been realized. David and Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget are proud that they recommended him, but he has not communicated with them. Brute does not say anything about Bishop Henry Conwell of Philadelphia who has made such a shameful contract with the Hoganites. He yielded so much that Ashley told him not to conced more. The church of Philadelphia is completely under laical control. The details through Father Harold are lamentable. Falget has written to the Archbishop. He has just received Brute's letter of the 6th with the letters of Mother Rose and Sisters Josephine and Joanna and the volume of conferences. They also received the engraving of the college. They are too poor to have their engraved but have sent drawings to France with Father Martial. He thought he has acknowledged the other two volumes. He will write to Mother Rose when he gets time. They had a visit from Bishop Joseph Rosati with Father Francis Dahman and Brother Blanco a lazarist. He is disturbed about the division of his diocese. He is to make his choice of St. Louis or New Orleans. The Holy Father wants him to take New Orleans but he would rather not because of the corruption and relaxation in Louisiana. He wanted to consult with them. They admired his humility. Bishop Flaget is anxious to resume the jubilee which the weather has obliged him to suspend Father Francis Patrick Kenrick is recovered enough to accompany him. Bishop Flaget send his remembrances and blessings to those at the Mountain. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 3pp 4to. 6 CMNT II-3-o Richard, Father Gabriel: Detroit, Michigan, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1827 Mar. 15 Gabriel says that he has received Brute's letter of November 26. The jubilee celebration gave him much pleasure. Some weeks ago he received the notification from Bishop Edward Dominic Fenwick of the celebration of the jubilee. They have the whole year for it and the time for each parish has not yet been settled. Brute should ask the Sisters and the seminarians to pray that Michigan will obtain great fruit from the jubilee. Gabriel is pleased with Brute's new arrangements for his seminary as explained in his last letter. He supposes that Brute has not received his long letter in which he suggested that Brute prepare for his future college in ovo Michigan, providing 4 professors and himself come as president. Father Rignanon has written him since the installation of Bishop Jean Baptist Cheverus has changed the mind of the priests coming to America particulraly those coming to Michigan and the poor savages at Arbre Croche, Michigan. Gabriel asks Brute when he writes to say if De Gronde and Garnier have added any new volumes to the two first which they had the generosity to send him and now it will be possible to get them. He then asks Brute on what terms he will receive a young man in his seminary who has practiced law in Detroit for two years. His name is Asa Robertson, born in Connecticut Dec. 25, 1795 of Scotch Presbyterian parents. He has not yet been baptized but has been reading for 5 or 6 months Richard's books of controversy. He has determind with full contriction to be baptized when Richard decides he is ready. Milner's End of Controversy, Think Well on it and Spiritual Combat were the books that converted him. He says he will strave if he remains in the law although he has been named by the legislative council the chief justice of their county court. He has but a superficial knowledge of latin and wants to spend some years in retreat. He is a man of patience and preseverance. He is careless of this worldly goods and will be satified with an incorruptible treasure. He may be of use to the Catholic religion by publishing in the newspapers, and says he will remain Catholic even if all the Canadian and Irish population leave the church. The whole of his property is a pretty good collection of law books worth between 3 and 4 hundred dollars which he is willing to use for board and room as far as it may go. But Brute might employ him as a teacher of English grammar or other class. He is disgusted with this world and will go either to Bardstown or Mt. St. Mary but would give Brute the preference. P.S. Richard asks an answer immediately as the man wishes to go as soon as navigation opens. P.S. He sends his regards to Brute's co-workers and asks him to tell Mother to prepare 6 sisters for Arbre Croche, to be ready when he has sufficient money. P.S. Brute's book is still safe in the hands of the Governor who wants to make some abstracts. Gabriel may eventually deliver it himself some Saturday. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - Partly - French 4pp. 4to. 4 CMNT II-3-o Brute, Father Simon Gabriel : Emmitsburg, Maryland, to Father John J. Chance: Baltimore, Maryland 1827 April 3 Brute sees in the papers the death of Mrs. Lacombe after so long a trial, and has said Mass for her. He asks Chance to tell Father H Joubert. Brute keeps as he can a remembrance of the French colony when he arrived in 1810-all melted away even Chance's father. Some have returned to France Leyritz, St. Martin, La Tullage but many to the grave. Brute asks Chance to lend him Robert Walsh's review. The notice of Archbishop John Carroll pleased him half way. But the sad concern of this time is the trouble brooding over Philadelphia after Easter if Father William Harold is removed even suspended. The Archbishop Ambrose Marechal effects nothing. This is worse than in Higan's time. They can only pray that others more skillful such as Father Louis Regis Delous make a timely interference. He fears the evils will spread. He would have no objection if that statement were read to the men concerned or to the Archbishop for the health of the Archbishop he would like to suggest that he came to the valley and the care of the sisters. Carroll Manor or Pogeon Hill might be better but they would be so lonely. He would be more pleased at the Visitation convent but it is so confined Brute asks Chance to have Father M. Wheeler send him back the papers he sent him uselessly. He has heard of the case of that Miss Bouligny. P.S. Brute sends his respects to M. Cooper and the rest. P.S. They are the critical subject of usury. He has in his notes an interesting conversation with Father Anthony Garnier when he came back from America. He speaks of Sixtus Bull and are 3 contracts of Benedict XIV against interest. He thinks the next will say that the bull of Benedict did not apply to the loan for business. He would like Chance's opinion on this question. He wrote later to the sisters of our friend and informed them that Chance had the goodness to attend to the matters of the succession. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 4pp. 4to. 3 CMNT II-3-o Egan, Michael DuBourg: Emmitsburg, Maryland, to Father John Baptist Purcell: _____ 1827 April 10 Egan writes Purcell in the beginning of February by the packet ship Bonasse. He enclosed a bill of exchange on a London house for $200. Father Simon Gabriel Brute sent a duplicate of the bill to Mr. Legro at Havre. They have heard nothing from them. They are pleased at the news of his coming in May. He quotes a letter of Archbishop Ambrose Marechal a passage concerning Purcell about completing his year of retreat with Father Mollevaux. The Archbishop said that he had no objection if those at the Mountain agreed. Egan asks if this means that Purcell has become a Sulpician. From Purcell's letter of November 4 Egan drew no such conclusion. Egan will not believe this until he hears it from Purcell himself. His purpose in writing is to urge his return to them at the seminary of the Mountain. The Archbishop has left the matter to them and they will feel the keenest disappointment and loss if Purcell is not with them at the opening of school in August. Egan is pleased to see Purcell enjoy the peace of the Solitude but that is different than the other proposal. The letter has been interrupted but he renews it with the same ideas. The boys are to make their first communion on the second Sunday after Easter. The number of seminarians is about 30. Andrew Topper came back to study for the church. McCloskey will also return after vacation. Dickshill, Gartland, Fournier and Richard Whelan are students of theology. P.S. He writes in haste Purcell's letter to Brute of Feb. 25 has arrived but he still wants Purcell's immediate return. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 2pp. 4to. 3 CMNT II-3-o Rosati, Bishop of Tenagra: Donaldsonville, Louisiana, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1827 April 27 One of Rosati's priest Father _____ Bigeschi who is very zealous during his ten years in the diocese is returning to Italy and wishes to see Brute's establishment. Rosati asks him to present this letter. He will give Brute a testimony of their affection for him and will also give an account of affairs in with Rosati and the state of his alms. He has need of Brute's prayer's. Father Anduze has shown him his latest letter from Brute with the engravure of the college building. He would like to have letters from Brute in his burdens. Such letters would be acts of charity. Rosati asks that Brute in the name of all their community that their thanks to the Sisters of Charity who have translated into English the life of their founder. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 1p. 4to. 2 CMNT II-3-o John Bishop of Charleston: Augusta, Georgia, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1827 May 2, England England writes to Brute in great haste while on visitation. He has received the two letters and sent them to the Miscellany. A Rev. B.A. Cavanaugh whom he had the misfortune to receive into his diocese and ordain deacon, he understands, has been received into the diocese if New York. On the suggestion of Bishop Jean Dubois he thinks that he may now be at Emmitsburg. England believed the Father O. Hallinan to be a vitreous priest. On the visitation he found the reverse. He has not been banished from the diocese. He finds that Cavanaugh is a man he would never promote to the priesthood. Besides the testimony of the people he found that he left unpaid bills for service given to him by England's direction. He is writing to the Bishop of New York and leaves Brute permission to use his opinion that Cavanaugh is not worthy to be a priest. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 1p. 4to. 3 CMNT II-3-o Flaget, Benedict Joseph Bishop of: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1827 June 1 Brute can scarcely appreciate how valueable his letters are with their precious news which they get from nowhere else. He asks him to continue them even when he cannot answer letter for letter, for that is the etiquette of the world. The news from Philadelphia while less serious in the second letter than they were in the first are lamentable. Flaget and Bishop Jean B. David are becoming convinced that a national council would be useful in these lamentable circumstances. It is the advice of others respectable for their talents. Flaget has conveyed ideas about this to Father Jean Tessier. He would have the council in Pittsburg when the river was open. Despite Brute's opposition to the place Flaget says 1. it is central and all can come there 2. his secretary and helper Bishop David could come also 3. the costs to the western bishops would be half that it could cost to go to Baltimore 4. it is practically impossible for the two Bishops of Kentucky to leave their diocese together at any time. These arguments are even stronger for Bishop Joseph Rosati. Flaget asks Brute to examine the idea and see if it is possible. He knows that the Bishop John England of Charleston is zealous for a council. He feels the meeting is necessary not only to check the trouble in Philadelphia but also to prove to the world that there is a hierarchy in the United States, to prove that they have at heart the interests of religion. Flaget is grateful for the success of Brute's college and the house of St. Joseph. He does not envy his fellow religious, although in Kentucky there is the greatest peace between the bishops and their clergy. At the college they have 103 or 4 boarders and about 65 externs. The convents are doing marvelously even though attacked have never been better. It is true that they have had to go into debt to build but today that is finished and with the scholars they expect to have them aid in eighteen monthes or two years. Brute must continue to pray for his companion of the journey. P.S. Bishop Jean Dubois has finally given a sign of life. He sends his regards to Father John Hickey and the other coworkers of Brute and to the Sisters, especially Mother Rose. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 3pp. 4to. 4 CMNT II-3-o David, Jean Baptist M Bishop of Mauricastro: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1827 June 2 David is ashamed that he has received two or three of Brute's letters without any response. A poor head always more or less in pain is also forgetful, but the heart has always been full of friendship and gratitude for the news Brute sends. He is unhappy at the affaire of Philadelphia. He has seen in a paper of that city an account of an assembly of laymen in favor of Father William Harold who acts according to the principles of the Hoganites among these signatures he recognises some names such as Carey and Mead. David has written a letter to Harold in which he gave him some fraternal advice about their pretended right to name the pastor. He urged Harold to make a reconsiliation with the bishop. If he cannot get himself out of the affair he should apply to Rome and avoid a situation that would be rejected by Rome. From what Bishop John England of Charleston wrote Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget there is little hope of getting Harold out of the affair. Bishop Henry Conwell thinks that we are opposed to him that they are a french faction. David thinks Conwell does not know that it is his compatroit Father Francis Patrick Kenrick who sent his concordat to the Propaganda. He is inclined to take the side of the Bishops but the matters are so confused he is not certain. David thinks there must be a meeting of the bishops. The need of each bishop in his own diocese is the chief obstacle to that he knows that Bishop Flaget wants to have a meeting at Pittsburgh. Of the 10 bishops whom he names, five could come by water. He thinks the bishops of Boston and New York could also come since they could come by canal and down the Allegheny. The college does not cease to grow with 105 boarders and nearly fifty externes. The agent at New Orleans will have for them $18,000 or $20,000. Their agent Hazelton will go in November for six months to collect this sum. The agent Comagere has delayed $5,000 which he has received from parents and which he has used Hazelton has finally got this money in small parcels and then only did they learn that Comagere has had a complete bankruptcy. He notes that by June 15 he has not finished the letter. He does not have ideas to finish it. Yesterday he preached on the controversy over the real presence in the cathedral since they will not have a procession this year and probably no more because of the difficulty of transporting four miles the whole group. Brute should have received from Baltimore the controversies of Saint Francis de Sales which he sent by one of their merchants with a religious book for Mother Rose. They were in the hands of Mr. A. Elder. He has asked Father Martial to get the complete edtion of that saints works. The seminary goes as usual. The College is a great obstacle for rest. There are 13 theologians. He is alone at the seminary as in 1811. Where are all the priests he has made? Father Evremont takes charge the two days he has to spend at Nazareth. Since it is impossible to find a superior of the seminary and a confessor for the religious he has to do both. Father Boone the old confessor of Bishop Flaget has written that he has found two priests who want to come. If they come he will teach them English and then he can have some rest. His head is sometimes better but his class bothers him. He is better under the directions of Rev. Dr. Celini. He lists the various medicines that he uses. He eats as little as possible, he is in his 66th year. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 3pp. CMNT II-3-o England, John Bishop of: Charleston, South Carolina, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1827 June 9 He thanks Brute for his many kindnesses. Through Pitroy and Kiel of Charleston he has got the L's Ami de la religion the Memorial Catholique and the Almanach du clerge. He has the Ami to 1322 includively and the Memorial to March. He must now try to get the Canadian and Roman almanacks. Brute is to give all his advice fully and freely. He may differ but he always respects Brute's opinion. He knows that in the Philadelaphia documents all is not gold that glitters but he convinced that this affair will not be quickly terminated. He did intentionally avoid making comment on the document. He does not approve of it in any way and has been written to by both parties. When Bishop Henry Conwell brought Father William Harold England told those in whom he confide that what has happened would occur. He is convinced that if Conwell had trusted England instead of in those against him he could have him much trouble. England has been taught much since them and has still much to learn. He has hopes in his self because he realizes that he does not know so much. He has devoted the little that he has or is to the American Church. He believes that the American Church needs a system. He is convinced that the Americans must be led by their principles, that you cannot drive them. He does not fully agree with Conwell. Rome does not as yet understand the American mind. He may be deceived in thinking that it can be managed but that it cannot be forced. He is determined to stay out of thinking in which he cannot do any good. England says he does not know all the facts. Archbishop Ambrose Marechal says that Father Harold has gone into court, if so England knows nothing about it. England has been ill much this year. He continued the letter June 12 saying that he has had an attack of influenza and is only now able to sit up. He has much to write but must be excused now. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 2pp. 4to. 3 CMNT II-3-o England, John Bishop of: Charleston, South Carolina, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1827 June 16 England sends Brute employments enough and hopes he will not be displeased. Accompanying this is a pamphlet of 80 pages by a Thomas Grimke, one of their state senators. England is a member of the same society and will deliver the next ration in May. He was not present when this was delivered and will not attack it as a member of the society. The production as unphilosophical and tasteless must not go unnoticed. The Miscellany is the place to keep him on the pillory for some months and Brute is the one best fitted to supply England with the materials. He will not give it a regular review but worry him by cossack assaults week after week. England sees a thousand faults and a thousand ways of upsetting him. His wants are 1. extensive knowledge of the history of literature, 2. want of books. His object is to prove that the author is 1 very ignorant 2 that Catholics before and the Reformation did much more for literature than their opponents. This will bring down what Cobbett's call the impudence of Protestant pride and the little bits might be put together in a book. England is not well. He could not say Mass Thursday and fears he will have to take medicine tonight and be unable to say Mass tomorrow. He submits to the will of God. During his sickness he has read for first time Montosal's life of Sister Margaret Bourgois and wishes he had her spirit of piety but he forgets himself too much. He asks Brute to ask Father Michael Burgo Egan who is nephew of the Bishop Michael Egan whether he can furnish a memoir of his uncle. They should not lose the means of preserving their little history. He wishes also a history of Emmitsburg and St. Mary's. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 2pp. 4to. 1 3 CMNT II-3-o Rosati, Joseph Bishop of St. Louis: Barrens, Missouri, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1827 July 15 He is going to trouble the solitude of Brute as he used to do for his old friend at the prayer of Mr. Hase whome Brute knows so well because he lived with him before he came to Missouri about a sum pay to Father Jean Dubois when he was head of Brute's establishment. He has received only a small portion of it through Bishop William Louis Dubourg. He has written to Dubois at Emmitsburg and New York but has never received an answer. He has asked Rosati to write to Dubois but since Rosati does not know Dubois he suggests that Brute make the inquiry. He does not know whether Brute has received his previuos letter sent by Father Bigeschi in which he hoped to share Brute's knowledge. That priest would pass through Emmitsburg on his way to New York. He needs Brute's prayers. They have recently lost $2,000 in specie which was sent partly from France and partly from Italy. It fell into the Mississippi with letters and what was worse the priest with them contracted a mortal sickness at Harve and was in such a weakened condition in the accident has had to return to Italy if he has not died on the way. He was a very worthy priest who was to be head of their community. This affliction has been counter balanced with other troubles. He has feared much that he will be named bishop of New Orleans but God has recognized has weakness and named him instead bishop of St. Louis and administrator of New Orleans until another is appointed there. The establishments in the two dioceses progress. The Ursulines in New Orleans number 25 and have 80 boarders. The Ladies of The Sacred Heart at St. Michel number 12 and have 40 boarders. The same community at Grand Coteau Louisiana number 7 and have 36 boarders. The beginning community of Loretto at Assomption Louisiana count 9 of whom 6 are novices to whom he has given the habit the week after Easter and a number of boarders. In Missouri the Madams of the Sacred Heart at Florissant are ten religious and 40 boarders. In St. Louis they have begun another establissment for orphans and externs. At the Barrens the Sisters of Loretto are 17 with 36 boarders. The Jesuits have a number of Indians. There seminary has 70 persons. His young priests have many missions in the neighborhood they live. There is much to do, much to suffer and Brute must pray for them. He has not had the opportunity to live long with Brute but the short time he was with him in Baltimore makes him have a high opinion of Brute and of his friendship. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 2pp. 4to. 5 CMNT II-3-o David, Jean Baptist M Bishop of Mauricastro: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmisburg, Maryland 1827 Aug. 17 David is ashamed that he has received at least two letters since he last wrote. The news from Philadelphia is better for the Bishop Henry Conwell and tends to repair the scandal and the pernicious results despite the retractations. The trustees had the right to demand the carrying out of the articles which were witnessed by signatures. Father William Harold has been misled. He has written to David an answer to his letter. His answer is embarrassed. He is unwilling to admit that he was in error. He says he was not part of the declaration at the meeting but defends their right to assemble and express their feelings. David urged him to make peace with the Bishop Henry Conwell. He could take his case to Rome without involving laymen in ecclesiastical matters. They have begun their vacation after the exams and exhibition. They are examining the Sisters this week. The boarder number only 34 but they showed no will in the examinations. He speaks of the accomodations of their Sisters of Nazareth. He has given a retreat to 43 sisters. August 1 to 8 and a second one for the 6 sisters who could not make the first retreat and a few others. He celebrated his 8th anniversary in the Cathedral at Bardstown. Father James Derigaud is very sick at Caisses Creek 50 miles from there where he has established his community of brothers. They have said a novena and masses for his cure and Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget went there Saturday but they have had no news since. In the Bishops's absence David stays close to the seminary with the seminary prefects since they have 80 boarders mostly creoles from New Orleans and environs. David has owed Sister Rose a letter for a long time. He advised her to hold the constitutions. They have had an election for a local superior she succeed one who died after beginning her sixth year. He has the question of counting her office years, as she will undoubtedly be reelected. He notes the concindences of the two college of Baltimore and Bardstown changing their presidents and professors of physics. Father George Elder resigned and Father Ignatius Reynolds was put in his place. Elder was too easy for the disciplinarian Father Fouche and Father Ignatius Reynolds the grand director of studies. His demand to be changed six months ago has not been granted by the Bishop. Elder will employ himself on the mission as he had asked six months ago taking place of Father Francis Patrick Kenrick, he has been sent to Scott County to Lexington. Altter from the Bishop says that Derigaud is in the extremity and can recover only by a mircle. Derigaud has begun a society of brothers which will need him badly. David is much disturbed by the health of Archbishop Ambrose Marchal, he hopes he has chansen a coadjutor but not a Frenchman nor a Sulpicien. The choice of Bishop Jean Dubois caused trouble. He sends his regards to Sister Rose and will write to her in the future. He sends his regards to the other priests at the Mountain. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 3pp. 4to. CMNT II-3-o Rosati, Joseph Bishop of: St. Louis, Missouri, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1827 Oct. 6 Brute has been so good that Rosati dares to bother him with another problem. This is an act of charity. In St. Louis is a small house called a hospital which was given by a Catholic. It is very small and the sick in it do not receive the help in it that one would find in a hospital in Europe. The Emmitsburg Sisters of Charity have made it clear in Baltimore that they can perform the marvels that take place in the hospitals of Europe. Before hoping to establish a hospital in St. Louis he would like to have some of them to assume the direction of the work. He asks Brute to help him get them. If Brute gives a favorable response he will try to arouse the generosity of Americans and the French towards the charitable needs. After finding out what can be done he will plan to achieve the rest. He asks Brute to address him at St. Mary's Seminary at the Barrens. He is making a tour of his diocese to give confirmation and finds that religion not only is not losing but even gains. One would imigine he was in France when he attended the French at St. Charles, The Portage, Vid Poche. The musketters on horseback, the procession of the ingabitant etc. 120 Communicants at St. Charles and many more in the villages. He has ordained 4 Jesuits priest at Florissant they do much good. It is a pleasure to see their little Indians so well behaved. Father Charles Van Qickenborne has visited the Ossages and is well satisfied. They need priests for Kansas and he hopes to get them one next spring. He has a letter form Bishop William Louis DuBourg who promises help. His seminary at Montabaun promises to form and to send priests to help him. He is in hate and asks the prayers of all. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 2pp. 4to. 4 CMNT II-3-o David Jean Baptist M of Mauricastro: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1827 Oct. 9 David does not know where he stands with Brute, since his memory suggests that he did not answer Brute's last letter. He has a gathering on his right shoulder that affected the whole arm. He is much improved now after a detailed treatment he describes. They have had a change of presidents and professor of physics at Bardstown and at Baltimore. They has a near revolt there because the students were very much attached to their president Father George Elder who was a bit too easy. Father Ignatius Reynolds his successor by his teaching and ability will reconcile them. They have 110 boarders the number of externs is not as great as last year because they have augmented the price of tuition. They are separate except in class. The school at Nazareth although finished is in full operation. They have only 36 boarders but can handle 150. They have hopes of liquidating the debt in two or three years. Then they will increase the number of orphans or poor girls who are already a tenth. He would like to bring the sisters to their vocation which is to teach the poor. He asks if Brute has seen the prospectus of Father Wheeler; they find it ridiculis that of Father de Cloriviere is simple and clear. Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget has taken up again the jubilee in the middle of September. The missionaries gave each congregation a week with ggreat success. The great preacher is Father Francis Patrick Kenrick who excells in so many things. He always encourges people to write their difficulties. He has these questions proposed by an interlocutor and his explanations silence the objections. He describes an exchange between Kenrick and a Presbyterian minister. He says he was like a big cat playing with a rat. There were 900 communions at St. Rose 250 confirmations, 300 communions at Lebanan, nearly 400 hundred at Holy Cross with confirmations in proportion. The Bishops continues 14 congregations have made the jubilee the Holy Father has extended the jubilee for three years and a great number of old sinners who had not confessed for 10,12,15 years made the jubilee. Many Protestants have been converted. Brute should see a notice of the jubilee in the Miscellany, also a notice the College and that of Nazareth. He does not have any answer to the questions concerning sex that Brute proposed in his before last letter. He would not allow such things not only for clergy but even for lay people. In twenty years he has not met the example proposed by Brute. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 2pp. 4to. 5 CMNT II-3-o Dubois, John Bishop: New York, New York, to Father John Baptist Purcell: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1827 October 18 Dubois explains his tardiness in answering Purcell's letter because of the amount of work he has to do. Besides his work as bishop he has the duties of the ministry at all hours of the day and night. There are 30,000 Catholics in New York and he has only 6 clergymen to help him. He has two chaplains to share his bread but cannot use them because they have to attend above 800 people in the hospitals some 2 or 10 miles out of the city with their work of catechizing the children who were formerly neglected. In his old age he must trot over the city ten times a day so tired that he cannot sit up at night as he used to do at the Mountain. It is a second cause of grief that he could not claim Purcell to be a prop in his old age and could not see him when he came through the city to hear about his old friends in France and to talk about Purcell's brother whom he thought had changed Edward Purcell. Purcell is not to blame him for accepting this present burden which he had determined not to accept until it was forced upon him. Everything seems to go better than might have been expected. He found the church there enslaved. The first thing he did was to buy a church he owned. It is his castle. The trustees have been less ready to oppose him because of it. His visit over a part of the diocese in which he traveled over 3000 miles has convinced him of his need of workers and the evil of those who overran the state until they had achieved their booty. He is a cripple until he gets the tools he needs. One of his plans is to get missionaries besides the pastors to overrun the diocese like the missionaries in France to give the jubilee and then retreats. He will then have the advantage of enclosing Protestants in the nets. That is the way the Methodists entrap so many souls. Others would form a free missionary Catholic society but the laymen would try to get control of it. But he wants the church to go in untrammelled freedom. If Purcell has not seen his first pastoral letter he will send it to him with a new one addressed to the parishoners of his new church. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 3pp. 4to. 2 CMNT II-3-o David, Jean Baptiste M of Mauricastro: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1827 Oct. 31. David is surprised by Brute's letter that he is behind since he feels that he is the one who is tardy. He has abstained from writing about the man who is giving those horrible scandals during the past three years. He was placed in charge of a convent of Sisters. It began with small deeds and grew into more serious ones. The Superior of the Sisters was warned. They tried to correct the two sisters but after many insincere submission he asks for his exit for Missouri. The two Sisters who were the occasion of trouble were brought to Nazareth by the superior. They seem to be changed but the man returned and asked to take them to their parents. One refused but the other went with him and was lodged with the Sisters of Loretto. He asked Bishop Joseph Rosati to allow her to become his housekeeper but was refused. He clared that the girl was under his protestion. He left Missouri and went to Ohio, then Louisville and Bardstown with his protege to the great scandal of the people. She was finally presuaded to go to live with her father 150 miles from there. The man went there and they married by a Methodist minister. November 1. Today celebrated ponifically but in place of a sermon after the Gospel Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget with cross and mitre announced the facts of the scandal and pronounced the excommunication of the priest Charles Coomes. The Bishop has interrupted the courses of jubilees for two weeks. He ordained last Sunday a deacon, a subdeacon one in minor orders and gave tonsure to one. Brute has seen in the Miscellany the story of the jubilees of St. Rose, Lebanon and Holy Cross. The Bishops begins with Clear Creek and then goes to Union County where the apostate lives. Father Francis Patrick Kenrick teaches theology, scripture and greek at the seminary. He would rather be on the mission and the Bishops would like to let him do it. David has always a dozen seminarians, others to the number of 6 acting as prefects. Father Ignatius Reynolds in the place of Father George Elder fulfills the job of president with wisdom and zeal. There is no comparison between the order he maintains with that under his predecessor. Brute has seen in the Miscellany the eulogy given over Father James Derigaud. It is well merited. His establishment the Brothers of the Mission continues. They have 6 brothers, of whom only one resides at Caisey with one novice and 3 postulants. They have two brothers at Bardstown and one is at Bethann. David is preparing their rules and constitution. That of the sisters is so vague that it cannot be adopted for the brothers. They have chosen a brother superior whom they call Brother Guardian. David is feeling better but his gathering on his right shoulder was followed by two smaller ones. He has seen the prospectus of Father Michael Francis Wheeler and thinks it ridiculous. Reynolds says the program physically impossible. Father Louis Deloul with out saying anything about Georgetown asks for the play of Nazareth. Davis has answered on the page of their own prospectus which he grew up on that of Father de Cloriviere. There are parts of it drawn up by Father Reynold which he does not approve but since the Mother approved he let them pass. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 3pp.10 CMNT II-3-o England, John Bishop of: Charleston, South Carolina, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1827 Nov. 12 England has a thousand pardons to ask but Brute may remember what a summer he has spent teaching theology, philosophy, algebra, Greek and Latin to try to keep his seminary going and meeting sickness and death the loss of his good sister, keeping up the Miscellany. Though he has been severely tried he has been wonderfully consoled. God has taught him to have only his will. His sister was to him everything he could desire, a good nurse, a possible companion, a great literary aid and the gentle monitor. She did more by the sacrifice of her money and of her comfort for the diocese than anyone he knows. Her life was regular and religious and her death edifying. He has been consoled in her on that last day when she knew she was dying. He will miss her but the Lord has given him resignation. She promised not to forget him. He does not think it presumptious to indulge in humble hope that through her intercession he will have peace. He asks Brute to pardon his expressing his sentiments as he also thinks that Brute would feel pleased that he told him these sentiments. He adds that he has decided to let Grimke alone but that Brute's letters will be useful to him for a variey of other purposes. P.S. He does not know why but he has not received the Ami dela Religion since the first week of September. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 2pp. 4to. 2 CMNT II-3-o David Jean Baptiste M Bishop of Mauricastro: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1827 Nov. 27 Their correspondance is increasing with the recent events. Charles Coomes is fulfilling the predictions of Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget. He has now become a Methodist minister. The vows of the wife have long expired and she has returned to her father whom they have seduced. But he has not been a Catholic long. When the official news came the Bishop announced the excommunications on All Saints Day. The Bishop read on the occasion the letter of repentance Coomes had written in January in which he promised he would not stain the clean record of the priests of Kentucky. Flaget continues his jubilee in St. Vincent de Paul in Union County where Coomes lives with his father-in-law. He had with him Fathers Francis Patrick Kenrick and Guy Chabrat. They repeated the denunciation on November 11 that had been made at the Cathedral on November 1. Flaget writes that he is despised by both Catholics and Protestants and has not done all the evil that he could have. Kenrick says that he has not been present in the church during the jubilee as they think he has the impudence to do. But at the persuastion of some Baptists he came to the courthouse at Morganfield where they were giving some exercises. He had been counseled to speak in his defense but he kept silent. David speaks of Brute's criticism of their prospectus. On the four courses the Mother insisted and David thought her reasons good. The parents want these matters. Nor have they lost sight of the poor for which they were founded. They have accumulated their debts for that purpose and when they have paid their debts they will do more. They have a plantation of 400 acres which they manage themselves. They make their habits and he adds their accomplishments with their 40 boarders and what they hope to accomplish and how this justifies the plans of the Sisters of Nazareth. He also explains that they must do in prudence other wise they would be reduced to two or three Catholics. Secondly if they did convert their parents would turn them back into their old errors. Instead they try to instill a respect for religion, demove their prejudices and dispose them to become Catholics some day. They assist at Catholic prayers everyday and on Sunday and feast day they hear sermons. They also assist at the explanations of the Catholic Catechism by the sisters. They hear explanations of Catholic matters, read Catholic books and the Miscellany. Brute has spoken about a laboratory. They do not have any at Nazareth but they are only a mile and a half from St. Joseph's where they from time to time use the cabinet and where the professor conducts some experiments for them. The sisters teach the ordinary classes three times a week and the professor of physics formerly Father Reynolds come once a week and say a Mass for the sisters and gives a class in chemistry or physics. He does not recall in his memory a Miss Hener of whom Brute speaks and he does not want to waste time on such matters. Father Martial has announced that MM. LeMannais, Bonald, Haller and Chateaubriand have promised their work and a subscription to Memorial Catholique. They expect Martial again in the spring with new students. He does not say how many there will be. There is one from Naples sent by the king who wants to become an ecclesiastic. He wrote to Father Robert Abell that he has also a Capucin with another young man. David thinks that Abell will accompany Martial and perhaps Father Stephen Theodore Badin who has become a Dominican at the minerva to re-or form the Dominicans at St. Rose. He sends regards to Fathers Hickey, Xaupi and to the Sisters. P.S. He received without warning certain numbers of the L'Ami de la Religion. He thinks they are sent at the request of Martial. He thinks the best way for this is to send them by Monsignor Paynter and to Baltimore to be sent on to Father Kenrick. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - English - 4pp.10 CMNT II-3-o Badin, Francois Vincent, to Sisters of the order of Poor Clares 1830? Since the Sister's sentiments are so generous and they have the consent of their director and are able to finance such a trip which is estimated about 2000 francs for each, and since the opportunity is present in Paris, it is probably the will of the Divine Providence. Father Simon Brute priest at the Seminaire St. Sulpice in Paris and Mr. John Rogers architect of the cathedral in Kentucky residing in Paris No. 55 Faubourg St. Jacques expect to leave at anytime. If they seek the effects of Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget of Bardstown Father Guy Ignatius Chabrat of St. Michels near Bardstown serves him immediately. Badin starts for Roterdam at two o'clock and fot that voyage he asks their prayers. :: II-3-o - copy - of - A.L.S. English 1p 4to. 4 CMNT II-3-o Benoit Joseph Flaget: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Brute: St. Mary's College, Emmitsburg, Maryland 1830 August 10 Flaget informs Brute of the changes which have taken place in his diocese with the departure of the Incomparable Mgr. Francis Patrick Kenrick. Father Ignatius Aloysius Reynolds has taken over the class of Theology and the Scriptures and has given up the presidency. Father George Elder was recalled to that important post. Father William Byrne, very well known by Brute has been withdrawn from his college where he was doing exceedingly well to fill the position of vice-president. Every one approves this new plan and Flaget is particularly satisfied in seeing those who at one time found it difficult to confirm with his desires now working earnestly and happily in their new capacities. It was at the exhibition at the college, July 27, that Reynolds made public his resignation. There were at the college then 103 resident students and 45 day students which gives evidence of his capable administration. Besides his first year in charge he raised the cost of board $25 dollars per person which augmented the receipts by more than two thousand dollars. Inspite of this the college still has debts which are decreasing but not as fast as Flaget would like to see them. Since Byrnes is taking with him two of his excellent professors to Bardstown one of the seminaristes from his college desires to continue his studies under Brute's direction. Elder who is attached to this young man and who is partial to your Holy Mountain has written of it to Father John Baptist Purcell who has agrees provided that Flaget gives a good recommendation. Carter the man in question was born of Protestant parents and was himself a Protestant until after his twentieth year. He made his studies under Byrne and decided to become a Catholic and was baptisted by Father John David. He entered the seminary and received tonsure. He is of common intelligence but likes to be among ladies with whom he is popular. He made great sacrifices in becoming a Catholic and still bears the reproches of his Family and Flaget is attached to him and thinks he can one day do great service to the Church. Monsignor Kenrick is not greatly impressed by his learning since he does not get Latin well. Flaget leaves the rest to Brute's experienced judgment. letter missing :: II-3-o - - - A.L.S. French 4pp. 6 CMNT II-3-o David, Jean Baptiste M Bishop of Mauricastro: Bardstown, Kentucky, to Father Simon Gabriel Brute: Emmitsburg, Maryland 1831? Oct. 4. David yields to remorse of conscience for not answering Brute's many letters. He could plead bad health. He lists all the work he does but admits that he has been negligent. They continue poorly. The college is growing but the discipline is not marvelous. Father George Elder shows an indulgence that pains his coworkers. The spiritual is neglected and there is some corruption among their Louisianans. Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget has finally obtained the jesuits from France, 3 priests and one brother of whom two go to Louisiana and two Fathers Peter Chazelle and Nicholas Petit go to Bardstown. The establishment is amidst great difficulties. Father William Byrnes whom Brute knows has been vice president in Elder's college and had general disappoved of their plans. He is tired of the college and returns to his own school of which he has not yet given up the presidency and for which he has erected a fine building which he proposes to give to the Jesuits for their college with the plantation of 310 acres. He will also work for a year or 18 months after which he will join his family at Jackson's Purchase at the junction of the Ohio and the Tennessee with the intention of starting another establishment. Chazell is learning English while teaching French. His is a good man and David sees grand things ahead for him. Byrnes house is ready for him as is also the plantation. It will be the novitiate and boarding school of the group. They elected a new mother in August. She is Sister Angela Spink, the sister of James Spink who studied at Georgetown and Baltimore. She is well loved. The community grows; they have 40 at the motherhouse, 8 at the college, 3 at the school of Bethlehem at Bardstown, 8 at Union Kentucky, 6 at Scott, 5 at Vincennes, 3 at Fairfield. As the debts are nearly paid at Nazareth they are going to increase the number of orphans and poor children and have the sisters enter again on their vocations. They need waitresses but it is difficult to train them. The number of boarders at Nazareth is past 60. P.S. He forgot to say that Mr. Hatch whom Brute thought sick is not sick according to Father Simon LaLamiere. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 2pp. 4to. 5 CMNT II-3-o Gabriel Richard: Detroit, Michigan, Rev. Simon Gabriel Brute: Mount St. Mary's Emmitsburg, Maryland 1832 Richard thought of sending Brute's Relation des Missions by Father Rese but forgot. However there will be a better occasion. It is the delegate from Detroit who will place it in the hands of Father Deluol from whom you will receive it sooner. Richard thanks Brute for his lasting patience. The steamboat is leaving in a few minutes at 2 o'clock Sunday Nov. 7. He asks Brute to pray for him. Richard extends his compliments to all his cooperators and also to the good sisters. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 1p. 8vo. CMNT II-3-o Rosati, Joseph Bishop of: St. Louis, Missouri, to Rev. Simon Brute: of Vincennes, Indiana 1834 Nov. Rosati accepts the reproaches of Brute as a punishment for his sins, he feels that he does not deserve to be beleived in his explanation for not having been able to accompany him. Since God sees all, he will not judge him guilty of an act against his church and in particular against the church of Vincennes, the brothers who visited him, nor against Brute whom Rosati has always liked and admired. It was because of his health that he was unable to make the trip and it would be impossible for him to restore his health if he delayed the treatments any longer that is why he is leaving St. Louis to spend a few weeks at the home of Father Francis Cellini. The fact that he is leaving prevented him from sending Father Phillip Borgna because someone must replace him in St. Louis. Father Jean Timon belongs to a congregation and is needed by his superior to make the necessary arrangements for the beginning of classes. Timon was with Rosati during the Octave because that was still during vacation and the vacation cannot be prolonged for two or three weeks without causing disorder and being harmful to the college and the seminary and leaving 150 students in dissipation. In spite of that Rosati told Timon that if he would make arrangements with his superior that he would give him permission to go and would pay the expenses of the trip. He begged Father Joseph Lutz to make the trip in presence of Bishop Jean Baptist Purcell but Lutz begged to be excused. After all this Rosati is certain that in front of God he would not be guilty. Rosati also spoke to Father Alexander Hitselberger and told him quite frankly that he did not wish to deprive Brute of his services and that his expenses of his trip would present no difficulty. Rosati displeased Brute by the way he offered "the little" to cover the expenses of his trip from Vincennes to St. Louis and back to Vincennes. Since Rosati is not accustomed to the etiquette of ceremonies and does not know exactly what politeness demands he has acted with Brute just as had done with Bishop Benedict Joseph Flaget and Purcell. Flaget accepted the small sum but Purcell did not accept the money, so Rosati told him that he would give it to Brute in his name. Purcell consented so Rosati sent it. It was not to pay them for attending the dedication of the cathedral that the money was offered. If by acting as he did, he has offended them, he wishes to apologize. Rosati's being absent and not represented at the Installation will cause no inconvenience. The welfare of the diocese will not suffer, the public knowing my situation will not find it bad and the faithful will not be disedified. In regards to consultations that Brute spoke about concerning the establishment of his diocese Rosati suggests that Brute should spend the first eight days receiving people who come to see him and even return their visits with that he would have no time for consultations and besides there is nothing to consult about at the very beginning a consultation later on would be better. As for the mission the only thing that can be done is to assemble the people at night on week days and he will have to speak only in English because the great majority of the people speak only English. Although there are a few French Creoles living in the city most of them live in the country too far to come. Very few will leave their work on weekdays to go to church. This was noticed in St. Louis that few came to High Mass and to the sermons on week days although there are at least two thousand Catholic Creoles in the city. For the daily sermons Brute has Purcell and Petit and for the French he has Flaget and Petit. Not only are the "Enchiridion" and "Notizie del Giorno" but also Rosati's entire library is at Brute's disposition. Rosati hopes that in the next year he will be able to spend a few weeks with Brute to show him the sincerity and the estination that he has for him. :: II-3-o - A.L.S. - French - 4pp. 8vo. 8 CMNT II-4-b Oram, Father William Henry, Red River Settlement, Hudson Bay Territory, to Orestes A. Brownson, Elizabeth, New Jersey 1862 Apr 22 Father Oram commends Brownson for the good work which he has and is doing for the Catholic Church in America. Father feels he has learned much from Brownson's Review, even though he is a priest. Brownson is not only a staunch Catholic but also a true American. The greatest question of the day is how to reconcile the church with modern society. Father read Le Monde of Paris, an article contained there-in remarks that the liberty of the press and conscience are not defensible by staunch Catholics hence Father wishes Brownson would take the idea conveyed and defend it. :: II-4-b A.L.S. 3pp. 12mo. CMNT II-4-c Sorin, Father , Edward C.S.C., Notre Dame, Indiana, to Orestes A. Brownson, Elizabeth, New Jersey 1866 June 5 Sorin is happy that he can enclose a draft for $140 which is equal to $100 in gold for Brownson's share of the prize, which Louis Constantine divides with Brownson. Father mailed to Brownson's address a copy of the Times which gave an account of the ceremonies on May 31st. Father Sorin regretted Brownson's absence. The essay which came in contact with Brownson's was good and Father begs, before Brownson sees it, that the latter has full confidence in Notre Dame's impartiality because Father tried to be first. :: II-4-c A.L.S. 1pg. 8vo. CMNT II-4-c Hewit, Augustine F., New York City, New York, to Orestes A. Brownson, Elizabeth, New Jersey 1866 August 3 Brownson's letter to Father Hocker was given to the writer according to Father Hecker's directions. Since Father will not be home until late Saturday afternoon, there is no hurry in finishing the article on schedule, because it will not go to the publisher until Sept. 7th. Article can be sent anytime this month. The "New Englanders" for July contains an article on "Great Republic" probably by Dr. Porter which is courteous in language. Wishes Brownson and family health and happiness. :: II-4-c A.L.S. 2pg. 12mo. CMNT II-4-c Sorin, Father Edward C.S.C., Notre Dame, Indiana, to Orestes A. Brownson, Elizabeth, New Jersey 1866 Nov. 3 Since his return home Father Sorin has received no contribution from Brownson and begs the latter not to forget to pray to the Holy Mother and further asks Brownson to let him know if he is indebted to him because he has had no time to examine the account yet. :: II-4-c A.L.S. 1pg. 12mo. CMNT II-4-c Sorin, Father Edward C.S.C, Notre Dame, Indiana, to Orestes A. Brownson, Elizabeth, New Jersey 1866 Dec. 29 Sorin begs forgiveness for being negligent in replying to Brownson's last letter. He encloses $50.00 on account and would like to know how the account stands. He asks further explanation of the question which Brownson wrote in a previous letter. He wishes Brownson the blessings of the season. :: II-4-c A.L.S. 1pg. |